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Dick's  Quadrille  Call-Book  and  Ball-Room 

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INCLTTDIXG- 


Prese n tatio n  Sp eeckes. 
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FROST'S 

Original  Letter-Writer. 


A    COMPLETE    COLLECTION    OP 

ORIGINAL  LETTERS  AND  NOTES 

UPON   EVERY  IMAGINABLE   SUBJECT   OF  EVERY-DAY  LIFE, 

WITH   PLAIN   DIRECTIONS  ABOUT  EVERYTHING 
CONNECTED  WITH  WRITING  A  LETTER, 

CONTAINING 

LETTERS    OP    INTRODUCTION,    LETTERS    ON    BUSINESS,    LETTERS     ANSWERING 
ADVERTISEMENTS,      LETTERS     OF      RECOMMENDATION,      APPLICATIONS 
POR    EMPLOYMENT,    LETTERS    OF    CONGRATULATION,   OF    CON- 
DOLENCE,   OF    FRIENDSHIP  AND    RELATIONSHIP,   LOVE 
LETTERS,       NOTES       OF       INVITATION,       NOTES 
ACCOMPANYING     GIFTS,     LETTERS     OF 
FAVOR,       OP      ADVICE,       AND 
LETTERS   OF  EXCUSE, 

TOGETHER  "WITH  APPROPRIATE  ANSWERS  TO  EACH. 

THE  WHOLE  EMBRACING 

THEEE    HUNDEED    LETTEES    AND    NOTES. 

TO  WHICH  IS  ADDED 

A  COMPREHENSIVE  TABLE  OF  SYNONYMS. 


By  S.  A.  FROST, 

Author  op  "The  Parlor  Stage,"  "Dialogues  pob  Young 

Folks,"  etc.,  etc. 


S/ 


NEW  YORK: 
DICK    &    FITZGERALD,    PUBLISHERS. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress  in  the  year  1867. 

By  DICK  &  FITZGERALD, 

In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States,  for  the 

Southern  District  of  New  York. 


I 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Pagb. 

Ittoodttction 14 

Chirography 16 

Orthography 18 

Grammatical  Accuracy 20 

Punctuation 22 

Capital  Letters 23 

Style 24 

Abbreviations 27 

Figures 27 

Quotations 27 

Slang  "Words  and  Phrases 28 

Subject . 28 

Date 29 

Postscript 30 

Porms  of  Address , 30 

The  Superscription 31 

Answers 32 

General  Hints . . , , 32 


SUBJECTS. 

Letters  of  Introduction.... 35 

Letters  on  Business 46 

Letters  Answering  Advertisements 63 

Letters  of  Recommendation 73 

Letters  of  Congratulation 81 

Letters  of  Condolence 90 

Letters  of  Friendship  and  Relationship 99 

Letters  of  Love 119 

Notes  of  Invitation  and  Answers 13r 

3 


4  CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

Notes  Accompanying  Gifts  and  Answers 145 

Letters  of  Favor 151 

Letters  of  Advice 157 

Letters  of  Excuse  .  162 

Dictionary  of  Synonyms 167 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

Letter  Introducing  one  Lady  to  another , 36 

Letter  Introducing  a  Young  Musician  to  a  Lady  Frien  d 37 

Letter  Introducing  Prof.  Payne  to  Prof.  Myers 37 

Letter  Introducing  a  Young  Lady  Seeking  Employment 37 

Letter  Introducing  a  Gentleman  Seeking  a  Clerkship 3J/' 

Letter  Introducing  a  "Wounded  Officer  to  a  Gentleman  Friend 38 

Letter  Introducing  a  Soldier  to  a  Lady  Friend 39 

Letter  Introducing  a  Lady,  about  to  change  her  Residence,  to  a  Friend. . .  39 

Letter  Introducing  a  Sister  to  a  Schoolmate 39 

Letter  Introducing  a  Schoolmate  to  a  Married  Brother 40 

Letter  Introducing  a  Young  Married  Couple,  travelling,  to  a  Friend 40 

Letter  Introducing  a  Clerk  to  an  old  fellow  Clerk 40 

Letter  Introducing  a  Lady  in  search  of  a  Governess  to  a  Lady  Friend 41 

Letter  Introducing  an  Officer  to  a  brother  Officer : 41 

Letter  Introducing  a  Soldier  to  the  writer's  Mother 42 

Letter  Introducing  a  brother  Officer  to  the  writer's  "Wile 42 

Letter  Introducing  a  Young  Farmer  Seeking  City  Employment 42 

Letter  Introducing  an  Officer  Seeking  a  position,  to  a  Member  of  Congress  43 

Letter  Introducing  the  same  Officer  to  the  Secretary  of  "War 43 

Letter  Introducing  a  Young  Married  Lady  to  a  Friend  in  her  new  Home.  43 

Letter  Introducing  a  Daughter  Invited  to  make  a  Yisit 44 

Letter  Introducing  a  Governess 44 

Letter  Introducing  a  Husband  to  an  old  Schoolmate 45 

Letter  Introducing  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Friend 45 

Letter  Litroducing  a  Literary  Lady  to  a  Publisher 45 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS. 

Letter  Ordering  a  Supply  of  Goods  for  a  Country  Store 46 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 47 

Letter  Ordering  Dry  Goods  from  a  Firm  just  Starting  in  Business 47 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 48 

Letter  of  Complaint  for  Imperfect  Goods 48 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 49 

Letter  Offering  a  Book  to  a  Publisher 49 

Answer  Declining  the  Same 49 

Answer  taking  the  Book  for  Examination 50 


CONTENTS.  5 

Page. 

Letter  Requesting  Information  with  Regard  to  a  Proposed  Site  for  a  Store  50 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 50 

Letter  Proposing  to  Sell  Goods  on  Commission 51 

Answer  to  the  Poregoing 51 

Letter  Proposing  to  Open  a  Business  Account 52 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 52 

Letter  Apologizing  lor  Delay  in  the  Payment  of  an  Account 52 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 53 

Letter  Requesting  the  Terms  for  Buying  a  Country  Seat 53 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 53 

Letter  complaining  of  an  Error  in  a  Bill 54 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 54 

Letter  Introducing  a  Successor  in  Business 54 

Letter  Requesting  the  Settlement  of  an  Account 55 

Letter  Requesting  Delay  in  the  Payment  of  Rent 55 

Letter  Urging  the  Payment  of  Rent 56 

Letter  Requesting  Circular  of  a  School 56 

Letter  Offering  to  Dispose  of  Furniture 57 

Letter  from  a  Lady  in  the  Country  Ordering  Goods 57 

Letter  from  a  Farmer  to  an  Intelligence  Office,  applying  for  Hands 58 

Letter  to  the  President  of  a  Railroad,  Inquiring  for  Baggage 58 

Letter  Offering  a  Manuscript  to  an  Editor 58 

Letter  from  a  Man  Proposing  to  Emigrate,  to  a  Recent  Settler 59 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 59 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Music  Dealer 60 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Publisher 61 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Dry  Goods  Merchant 61 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Grocer. . , 62 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Bookkeeper 65 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Clerk 64 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Salesman 64 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Printer 65 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Coachman 65 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Gardener 66 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Cook 66 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Chambermaid 67 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Child's  Nurse 67 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Governess 67 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Music  Teacher 68 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Milliner 68 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Seamstress . . . 69 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Saleswoman 69 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Printer. .....  69 


qg  CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Lettei  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Book-binder.  70 

Lettei  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Carpenter. ...  70 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Machinist. ...  71 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Milliner 71 

Letter  Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Dressmaker. .  72 


LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION. 

Letter  Recommending  a  Bookkeeper 73 

Letter  Recommending  a  Housekeeper 73 

Letter  Recommending  a  "Washerwoman 74 

Letter  Recommending  a  Waiter 74 

Letter  Recommending  a  Porter 74 

Letter  Recommending  a  Cook 75 

Letter  Recommending  a  Salesman 75 

Letter  Recommending  a  Governess 76 

Letter  Recommending  a  Man  Servant 76 

Letter  Recommending  a  Child's  Nurse 76 

Letter  Recommending  a  Music  Teacher 77 

Letter  Recommending  a  Schoolmistress 77 

Letter  Recommending  a  Driver 77 

Letter  Recommending  a  Cabinet  Maker 77 

Letter  Recommending  a  Farm  Laborer 78 


LETTERS  DECLINING  TO  RECOMMEND. 

Letter  Declining  to  Recommend  a  Cook 78 

Letter  Declining  to  Recommend  a  Clerk 79 

Letter  Declining  to  Recommend  an  Errand  Boy 79 


LETTERS  ANSWERING   APPLICATION   FOR    CHARACTER, 
UNFAVORABLY. 

Letter  giving  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Housemaid 79 

Letter  giving  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Governess . 79 

Letter  giving  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Salesman 80 

Letter  giving  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Seamstress 80 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Gentleman  upon  his  Marriage 81 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Lady  upon  her  Marriage.  ...•••• 82 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Receiving  a  Legacy 82 


CONTENTS.  7 

Page. 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Restoration  to  Health 82 

Letter  Congratulating  a,  Friend  on.  the  birth  of  a  Bon 83 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  birth  of  a  Daughter 83 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  safe  Return  of  a  Soldier  Husband.  83 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  obtaining  a  Government  Appointment  84 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  Recovery  of  a  Sick  Child 84 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  safe  arrival  from  a  Long  Voyage 84 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  unexpected  Return  of  a  Son  sup- 
posed to  be  Dead 85 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  escape  from  Injury  in  a  Railway  Acci- 
dent    85 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  Recovery  of  a  Lost  Child 85 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  Anniversary  of  the  Twenty-fifth 

Wedding  Day 86 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  arriving  at  Maturity 86 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  successful  issue  of  a  Lawsuit 87 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  being  taken  into  Business  Partnership  87 
Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  passing  a  successf  ill  School  Examina- 
tion   '. .  87 

Letter  Congratulating  an  Author  on  the  S  access  of  a  Book 88 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  obtaining  a  Physician's  Diploma 88 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  obtaining  an  Army  Commission 88 

Letter  Congratulating  a  Friend  on  obtaining  a  Business  Situation 89 


LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Husband 90 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Wife 91 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Son 91 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Daughter 92 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Mother 92 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Father 93 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Brother 93 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Sister 94 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  an  Infant 94 

To  a  Friend  on  a  sudden  reverse  of  Fortune 94 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Limb  by  accident 95 

To  a  Friend  suffering  from  a  severe  Attack  of  Hiness - 95 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  valuable  Ship  at  sea 96 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  a  Lawsuit 96 

To  a  Friend  on  failure  in  Business 96 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  Property  by  Fire 97 

To  a  Friend  on  the  loss  of  Property  by  Robbery 97 

LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

Letter  from  a  Sister  to  a  Brother  upon  hearing  of  his  Engagement 99 

Letter  from  a  Mother  to  a  Daughter  consenting  to  her  Engagement 100 


8  CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Letter  from  a  Daughter  to  a  Father  requesting  a  holiday  from  School 101 

Letter  from  a  Grandmother  to  a  Grandson  on  hearing  of  his  Marriage. . . .  101 

Letter  from  a  Brother  to  a  Sister  warning  her  of  an  unsafe  Friendship. . .  102 

Letter  from  a  Sister  to  a  Brother  who  has  gone  astray 102 

Letter  from  a  Sister  to  a  Brother's  Wife 103 

Letter  from  a  Brother  to  a  Sister's  Husband 104 

Letter  from  an  elderly  Aunt  to  a  favorite  Nephew 104 

Letter  from  a  Father  to  his  Son  at  School 105 

Letter  from  a  Mother  remonstrating  with  her  Son 105 

Letter  from  a  poor  "Widow  to  her  Daughter  about  to  marry 10S 

Letter  from  a  Lady  Friend  complaining  of  long  silence 106 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 107 

Letter  from  an  absent  Wife  to  her  Husband 107 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 108 

Letter  from  a  Wife  who  has  been  summoned  from  home  by  her  Mother's 

Illness 108 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 109 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Friend  announcing  his  Engagement 109 

Letter  from  a  Husband  absent  on  Business,  to  his  Wife 110 

Letter  from  a  Repentant  Son  to  a  Father Ill 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing Ill 

Letter  from  a  married  Man,  to  a  Friend  about  to  marry Ill 

Letter  from  a  married  Lady  to  a  Sister  about  to  marry 112 

Letter  from  a  Country  Girl  to  a  City  Friend 113 

Letter  from  a  young  Lady  to  a  Schoolmate  just  married 114 

Letter  from  a  young  Lady  to  a  Friend  who  has  slandered  her 114 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 115 

Letter  from  a  Lad  in  the  country  to  a  Friend  at  home 116 

Letter  from  a  Lad  in  the  city  to  his  Sister  at  home 116 

Letter  from  a  Lad  to  a  Sea  Captain  asking  to  go  to  Sea 117 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. , 118 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  offering  his  hand 119 

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 120 

Unfa-v  oiable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 120 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  the  Father  of  the  Lady  he  loves,  requesting 

permission  to  pay  his  addresses 121 

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 121 

Unfavorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 122 

Conditional  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 122 

Letter  of  Farewell  to  a  Lady,  before  starting  on  a  Journey,  requesting  an 

interview ,. , 123 

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 123 

Unfavorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 123 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady ,  requesting  an  explanation  of  unfavor- 
able comments  upon  him ,. VH 


CONTENTS.  9 

Page. 
Reply  to  the  Foregoing 124 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  remonstaiting  -with  her  for  flirting 124 

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  accusing  him  of  coldness 125 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  confessing  change  of  Sentiment 12G 

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  desiring  release  from  an  Engagement 12G 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  requesting  a  lock  of  Hair 127 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  requesting  a  Photograph 123 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  requesting  permission  to  cail 128 

Favorable  Reply  to  Foregoing.. 128 

Unfavorable  Reply  to  Foregoing 129 

Letter  from  an  ardent  Lover  to  a  Lady 129 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady,  seeking  to  renew  a  ruptured  Engage- 
ment   129 

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 130 

Unfavorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing 130 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady,  making  a  declaration  of  Love 130 

Reply  stating  the  Lady's  engagement  to  another 131 

Letter  from  an  absent  Lover,  complaining  of  a  scarcity  of  letters 131 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  apologizing  for  absence 132 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  upon  hearing  of  her  illness .. . ? 132 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  after  heavy  business  losses,  offensag  to 

release  her  from  an  Engagement 133 

Reply  accepting  the  Offer,  and  returning  engagement  Ring 124 

Reply  declining  the  Offer 134 

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  accusing  him  of  inconstancy,  and  demanding 

the  return  of  her  Letters —  : 135 

Letter  from  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  on  bearing  of  his  Illness 135 

Letter  from  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  demanding  the  return  of  a  Photograph 

taken  from  her  Album 135 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  asking  tor  an  interview  upon  her  re- 
covery from  a  severe  Illness,  and  declaring  his  Love 136 


NOTES  OF  INVITATION  AND  ANSWERS. 

Invitation  to  Ride 137 

Answer  Declining 137 

Answer  Accepting 138 

Invitation  to  an  Evening  Party ...... 138 

Answer  Accepting 138 

Answer  Declining 138 

Invitation  to  a  Dinner  Party 138 

Answer  Accepting 138 

Answer  Declining 139 

Invitation  to  a  Pic-nic 139 

Answer  Accepting > 139 

Answer  Declining « 139 

Lavitatiou  to  a  Wedding: 140 


10  CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Familiar  Invitation  to  a  "Wedding 140 

Answer  Accepting 141 

Answer  Declining 141 

Invitation  to  make  a  Summer  Visit 141 

Answer  Accepting 142 

Answer  Declining 142 

Invitation  to  Walk 142 

Answer  Accepting 143 

Answer  Declining 143 

Invitation  to  a  Fancy  Ball 144 

Answer  Accepting. 144 

Aoswer  Declining - 144 


NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS,  AND  THEIR  ANSWERS. 

Note  Accompanying  a  "Wedding  Gift  of  a  Bracelet...... , 145 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 145 

Note  Accompanying  a  Christening  Gift  of  a  Silver  Cup 145 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 145 

Note  Accompanying  a  Bouquet  of  Flowers  to  a  Lady 146 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 146 

Note  Accompanying  a  Betrothal  Gift  of  a  Bing 146 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 146 

Note  Accompanying  a  Book  sent  by  the  Author 146 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 146 

Note  Accompanying  the  Photograph  of  an  Infant 147 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 147 

Note  Accompanying  a  piece  of  Embroidery  for  a  Child 147 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 147 

Note  Accompanying  a  Gift  on  the  Eightieth  Birthday ...-,..  143 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 148 

Note  Accompanying  a  Basket  of  Fruit  raised  by  Donor 148 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing ]  48 

Note  Accompanying  a  Donation  to  a  "Widow *-9tfir* ^ 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 149 

Note  Accompanying  a  Dog,  requested  by  the  Becipient 149 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 150 

Note  Accompanying  a  Present  of  Music,  to  a  Lady 159 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing 150 


LETTERS  OF  FAVOR. 

OFFERING  FAVOBS. 

Offering  the  Use  of  a  House  after  a  Fire 151 

Answer  Accepting  the  Favor 152 

Offering  a  Loan  of  Money  for  Business 152 

Answer  Declining  the  Favor 152 


CONTENTS.  11 

Page. 

Offering  the  use  of  Mourning  for  a  Funeral 153 

Offer  Accepting  the  Favor 153 

Offering  to  Assist  in  Nursing  in  Illness 153 

Offer  Declining  the  Favor 154 

KEQUESTING  FAVOES. 

Requesting  the  Loan  of  a  Book 154 

Answer  Granting  the  Request 154 

Requesting  a  Loan  of  Money 155 

Answer  Refusing  the  Request 155 

Requesting  a  Letter  of  Introduction 155 

Answer  Granting  the  Request 155 

Requesting  the  Loan  of  a  Horse 156 

Answei  Refusing  the  Request 156 

Requesting  an  Autograph 156 

Answer  Granting  the  Request 156 


LETTERS  OF  ADVICE. 

Letter  Advising  a  young  Man  to  Study  a  Profession 157 

Letter  Advising  a  Lad  not  to  leave  a  half -learned  Trade 1 58 

Letter  Advising  a  young  Man  to  drop  an  Acquaintance 159 

Letter  Advising  a  young  Lady  to  discourage  the  Visits  of  Suitor 168 

Letter  Advising  a  young  Man  against  a  hurried  Marriage 160 

Letter  Advising  a  young  Lady  to  refuse  Gifts  from  Gentlemen 161 


LETTERS  OF  EXCUSE. 

Apologizing  for  a  Broken  Engagement . , 162 

Apologizing  for  Injury  to  a  Borrowed  Book. 162 

Apologizing  for  the  Misconduct  of  a  Child  at  School 163 

Apologizing  for  delay  in  Filling  a  Commission  for  a  Friend , 163 

Apologizing  for  the  Rudeness  of  a  Servant ,  ,, 163 

Excusing  a  long  delay  in  answering  a  Letter , 164 

Apology  for  delay  in  acknowledging  the  receipt  of  a  Present  trom  a 

Friend..,. 165 


% 


p 


PREFACE 


The  little  volume  now  presented  to  the  public,  is  carefully 
prepared  to  meet  the  wants  of  the  large  class  of  individuals  who 
are  anxious  to  acquire  a  good  style  of  letter  writing,  but  who, 
through  neglect  or  lack  of  practice,  feel  that  they  are  deficient  in 
the  art. 

Letter  writing  in  an  enlightened  and  educated  country  like  the 
United  States,  should  be  an  accomplishment  universally  understood 
and  practised. 

It  is  a  rare  exception  in  our  nation  when  families  remain  together 
after  the  children  have  arrived  at  years  of  maturity.  One  marries 
and  goes  hundreds  of  miles  from  her  parents,  another  finds  a  busi- 
ness opening  in  a  distant  city ;  one  child  is  placed  at  a  far  away 
boarding  school ;  one  goes  to  college  ;  in  fact,  in  ninety-nine  cases 
out  of  a  hundred,  the  family  is  scattered.  Where  then  is  the  link 
to  bind  these  hearts  closely  together,  though  faces  and  loving  eyes 
are  far  asunder  1  Does  it  not  lie  in  the  snowy  sheet,  the  jetty  ink,  and 
the  tiny  fairy  pen-point  that  will  trace  out  loving  thoughts,  home 
details  and  every-day  interests,  to  keep  alive  the  warm  home  love  1 

Who  will  not  tear  open  with  eager  interest  the  envelope  where  a 
beloved  hand  has  traced  the  address  in  familiar  characters  1 
\  Yet  in  spite  of  the  universal  need  and  craving  for  such  intercourse, 
there  are  vast  numbers  of  people  who  seldom  write  or  read  a  letter, 
and  who,  when  the  want  is  felt,  are  deeply  sensible  of  their  own 
deficiency.  Many  who  handle  the  saw  or  hammer  daily,  will 
shrink  from  attempting  to  wield  a  pen,  and  fear  that  their  own  want 
of  practice  will  cause  them  to  make  blunders  that  will  excite  th» 
ridicule  of  their  correspondent. 

It  is  to  these  more  especially  that  this  little  book  is  dedicated, 
hoping  that  it  will  fill  a  long-felt  void. 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  the  whole  range  of  accomplishments  there  is  no  one  that  is  so 
desirable,  in  every  position  in  life,  as  the  art  of  letter  writing.  There 
is  no  greater  proof  of  this  assertion,  than  the  fact  that  from  the  earliest 
ages,  in  every  country,  man  has  sought  and  found  some  means  of 
intercourse  with  those  absent  from  him.  From  the  savage  who 
plucked  one  leaf  for  a  challenge,  one  for  a  declaration  of  love,  one 
for  a  warning  of  danger,  and  had  the  vast  forest  to  select  from,  the 
wide  prairies  to  traverse  before  the  messenger  reached  his  destination, 
to  the  merchant  of  to-day  who  sends  a  communication  flying  over 
the  electric  telegraph,  this  need  has  been  provided  for. 

In  no  one  branch  has  the  progress  of  civilization  been  so  marked 
as  in  the  improved  means  of  writing  letters,  and  the  enlarged 
opportunities  for  sending  them.  Every  year  the  facilities  for  the 
interchange  of  ideas  become  more  perfect.  Where  the  heavy  emigrant 
wagons  once  lumbered  over  the  rough  "Western  wilds,  bearing  to 
waiting  hearts  the  first  tidings  of  home,  after  months  of  absence, 
the  swiftly- gliding  railroad  train  now  carries  the  weekly  or  daily 
mail ;  where  the  broad  ocean  once  rolled  lik'j  an  almost  impassable 
barrier  between  loving  hearts,  and  the  sea  voyage  was  the  under- 
taking of  a  life  time,  now  the  panting  steamers  carry  over  the  snowy 
missives  in  less  time  than  it  once  occupied  to  cross  from  one  State 
to  another. 

And  the  need,  the  craving  for  this  interchange  of  thought,  is  not 
confined  to  those  who  can  write  out  their  ideas  and  form  phrases  as 
easily  upon  paper  as  with  the  lips. 

We  find  the  Eastern  lover  selecting  the  choice  bouquet  by  which 
to  convey  to  his  beloved  his  ardent  passion,  and  the  maiden  return- 
ing the  dainty  messenger.  The  Highland  chieftain  sent  the  burning 
brand  from  clan  to  clan  by  the  fleet-footed  son  of  the  mountain,  to 


INTRODUCTION.  15 

rouse  every  heart  to  the  war  cry.  The  knight  of  olden  time 
attached  to  his  arrow  the  white-winged  burden  and  let  it  fly  from 
his  skilled  fingers  through  the  lattice  of  his  lady  love,  or  wrote  a 
fierce  defiance  to  speed  by  the  same  means  over  the  walls  of  the 
besieged  castle.  The  fair  maiden  in  days  of  chivalry  trained  the 
gentle  dove  to  bear  her  heart's  secret  through  the  air  to  gladden  the 
lover's  eyes,  and  watched  from  her  turret  chamber  the  return  of  the 
trusted  pet.  And  in  the  present  day,  no  heart  so  dead  and  lonely 
but  that  a  letter  written  or  received  is  an  era  in  the  day. 

Though  years  of  separation  may  blot  out  the  face  of  relative  or 
friend  from  our  memory,  letters  will  form  a  chain  to  keep  alive  all 
the  holier  and  sweeter  ties  of  love  and  friendship.  The  wide  ocean, 
the  vast  prairie,  the  lofty  mountain,  the  stronger  bar  of  years  of 
time,  may  stretch  between  loving  hearts,  yet  a  letter  will  speed  from 
one  to  the  other,  keeping  alive  the  tenderest  emotions. 

Without  this  link  to  bind  the  absent,  mankind  would  grow  morose 
and  intensely  selfish  when  separated  from  personal  intercourse  with 
those  dear  to  him.  The  heart  untouched  by  any  word  of  remem- 
brance or  affection  would  grow  hard  and  cold,  and  each  member  of 
the  great  human  family  stand  isolated  and  dreary  whenever  called 
upon  to  part  from  friends. 

Since  then  this  art  of  conveying  thought  through  the  medium  of 
written  language  is  so  valuable  and  so  necessary,  a  thorough  know- 
ledge of  the  practice  must  be  desirable  to  every  one.  For  merely 
to  write  a  good  letter,  requires  the  exercise  of  much  of  the  educa- 
tion and  talent  of  any  writer. 

A  good  letter  must  be  correct  in  every  mechanical  detail,  finished 
in  style,  interesting  in  substance,  and  intelligible  in  construction. 
Few  there  are  who  do  not  need  to  write  them,  yet  a  letter  perfect  in 
every  detail  is  rarer  than  any  other  specimen  of  composition. 

Not  that  there  are  not  millions  of  letters  sent  far  and  wide  every 
hour  of  the  day,  but  out  of  the  vast  collection  very  few,  compara- 
tively, will  bear  criticism  in  every  respect.  Every  situation,  every 
character,  every  connection  of  family,  business,  love,  friendship 
require  the  exercise  of  the  talent,  and  every  man,  woman  and  even 
child  is  anxious  to  write  a  good  letter ;  yet  there  is  a  strange  diffi- 
dence in  the  exercise  of  the  art,  and  a  wonderful  deficiency  in  its 
practice. 

To  some,  writing,  as  an  accomplishment,  appears  so  simple  and 
•asy  a  task,  that  they  fall  into  a  diffuse,  careless  style,  a  faulty 


16  .  IN  TROD  UCT10N. 

orthography,  and  almost  illegible  hand,  merely  from  the  mistaken 
idea  that  letters  are  so  simple  to  write,  that  it  is  useless  to  take  any 
pains  with  them.  Great  fluency  may  of  course  he  attained  without 
running  into  carelessness,  but  even  the  simplest  letters  require  some 
thought  and  attention,  to  make  them  acceptable. 

To  others  again,  a  letter  assumes  the  most  gigantic  proportions, 
and  is  regarded  as  a  formidable  undertaking,  second  only  to  writing 
a  book.  These,  awed  by  the  stupendous  difficulties  before  them, 
will  send  to  a  near  relative  or  friend  a  stiff,  labored  epistle,  where 
all  ease  is  swallowed  up  in  over  care,  and  cordiality  lost  in  ceremo- 
nious phrases. 

The  great  art  is  to  be  able  to  write  gracefully  and  with  ease,  to 
suit  your  style  to  your  correspondence,  and  while  carefully  avoid- 
ing all  error,  to  also  avoid  the  appearance  of  having  studied 
your  letter.  This  facility  once  acquired  will  be  found  the  most 
valuable  of  all  mental  acquisitions  to  every  class  and  in  every 
connection.  In  business  it  at  once  stamps  a  man's  capacity ;  in 
society  it  marks  the  standing  of  lady  or  gentleman  far  more  decid- 
edly than  their  purse  or  wardrobe ;  in  friendship  it  bridges  over  the 
painful  chasm  of  separation,  and  takes  the  sting  from^arting ;  in 
love,  in  joy,  in  sorrow,  it  takes  the  place  of  those  trying  and  mo- 
mentous moments  when  the  voice  is  choked  with  emotion,  or  the 
tears  interrupt  the  flow  of  words. 

In  short,  from  the  President  in  his  cabinet  to  the  laborer  in  the 
streets ;  from  the  lady  in  her  parlor  to  the  servant  in  her  kitchen  ; 
from  the  millionaire  to  the  beggar ;  from  the  emigrant  to  the  settler ; 
from  every  country  and  under  every  combination  of  circumstances, 
letter  writing  in  all  its  forms  and  varieties  is  most  important  to  the 
advancement,  welfare  and  happiness  of  the  human  family. 

Granting,  therefore,  that  to  write  a  good  letter  is  necessary  as 
well  as  desirable,  it  is  important  to  consider  what  is  requisite  to 
attain  this  end,  and  through  what  form  of  study  the  writer  must 
graduate  before  he  can  command  perfection  in  the  art. 

As  his  letter  must  be  legible  before  it  can  accomplish  its  ends, 
Chirography  must  be  studied,  then  Orthography  demands  his  atten- 
tion, Punctuation  will  put  in  its  claims  for  consideration,  Style  must 
occupy  some  thought,  correct  Grammar  is  essential,  and  each  variety 
of  subject  will  demand  some  variation  in  phrase  and  form. 

First  then  to  consider  Chirography. 

To  write  your  letter  in  a  clear,  legible  hand  is  the  first  object  to 


INTRODUCTION.  17 

be  desired.  You  may  strew  your  sheet  with  diamonds  of  thought, 
Bparkling  wit,  valuable  information  or  ideas  that  make  it  a  literary 
prize,  but  if  your  handwriting  is  so  bad  that  no  one  can  read  it,  of 
what  avail  are  your  mental  gems  1 

It  is  folly  to  suppose  that  the  faculty  for  writing  a  good  hand  is 
confined  to  any  particular  persons.  There  is  no  one  who  can  write 
at  all,  but  what  can  write  well,  if  only  the  necessary  pains  are 
practised.  That  you  have  fallen  into  a  habit  of  writing  badly  is 
only  an  additional  reason  for  immediately  breaking  yourself  of  the 
habit,  and  learning  to  guide  your  pen  to  form  handsome,  clear  char- 
acters instead  of  villainous  scrawls.  Practice  will  make  perfect  in 
this  as  in  any  other  mechanical  pursuit,  where  there  is  no  actual 
deformity,  injury  or  weakness  of  the  hand. 

There  are  those,  sensible  in  other  respects,  who  have  the  folly  to 
suppose  that  it  is  rather  a  mark  of  distinction  to  write  a  bad  hand, 
and  while  boasting  of  their  own  illegible  scrawls,  will  quote  distin- 
guished characters  whose  writing  was  a  sealed  book  to  most  readers. 
No  affectation  can  be  more  absurd.  If  you  write  what  cannot  be 
read,  why  write  at  all  1  It  is  surely  a  sad  waste  of  time,  pen,  ink 
and  paper  to  make  marks  that  are  absolutely  useless  to  a  reader,  or 
that  are  to  consume  perhaps  valuable  time  to  decipher  what  ought 
to  be  perfectly  plain  at  sight. 

Every  word  of  even  the  most  trifling  document,  should  be  written 
in  such  clear  characters,  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  mistake  it 
for  another  word,  or  the  writer  may  find  himself  in  the  position  of 
the  Eastern  merchant  who,  writing  to  the  Indies  for  five  thousand 
mangoes,  received  by  the  next  vessel  five  hundred  monkeys,  with  a 
promise  of  more  in  the  next  cargo. 

Let  every  word  be  sufficiently  separated  from  the  preceding  and 
following  word  so  as  to  stand  out  distinctly.  Even  if  each  letter  is 
well  formed,  it  will  still  be  difficult  to  read  a  hand  where  the  char- 
acters are  huddled  up  closely,  or  the  words  tread  upon  each  other's 
heels.     A  crowded  handwriting  is  always  faulty. 

Remember  that  this,  like  every  other  art,  can  be  acquired  by 
patience  and  perseverance.  Every  man  who  has  the  use  of  his  eyes 
and  fingers  can  learn  to  write  any  hand  that  suits  him.  A  very 
stiff,  formal  hand  is  not  desirable,  neither  is  it  necessary  to  learn 
all  the  flourishes  of  a  professional  writing  master.  An  easy,  graceful 
formation  of  the  letters  is  an  art  that  will  be  found  easy  to  master, 
and  by  writing  slowly  and  carefully  at  first,  and  until  the 
I 


18  INTRODUCTION. 

becomes  perfectly  familiar  with  the  motion  required,  the  student 
will  acquire  a  facility  that  will  enable  him  to  write  with  great  rapiduy 
without  interfering  with  the  beauty  of  the  penmanship. 

Hurry  is  no  excuse  for  bad  writing,  because  any  one  of  sense 
knows  that  everything  hurried  is  liable  to  be  ruined.  Dispatch  may 
be  acquired,  but  hurry  will  ruin  everything.  You  may  gain  the  art  of 
thinking  rapidly  and  transmitting  your  ideas  to  paper  with  fluency 
and  correctness  combined,  but  this  will  still  require  some  attention, 
and  you  gain  nothing  by  hurry.  By  practising  a  clear,  good  hand, 
you  will  find  that  the  most  rapid  flow  of  ideas  will  not  spoil  your 
sheet,  while  if  you  pay  but  little  attention  to  penmanship,  you  will 
find  that  the  least  haste  will  make  your  writing  illegible.  Take  time 
therefore  at  first,  and  you  will  gain  time  at  last. 

If,  however,  you  must  write  slowly  to  write  well,  then  be  careful 
not  to  hurry  at  all,  for  the  few  moments  you  will  gain  by  rapid 
writing  will  never  compensate  for  you  the  disgrace  of  sending  an 
ill-written  letter. 

Neatness  is  also  of  great  importance.  A  fair  white  sheet  with 
handsomely  written  words,  will  be  more  welcome  to  any  reader 
than  a  blotted,  bedaubed  page  covered  with  erasures  and  dirt,  even 
if  the  matter  in  each  be  of  equal  value  and  interest. 

Erasures  spoil  the  beauty  of  any  manuscript.  Try  to  be  sure  you 
have  the  word  you  want  before  committing  any  to  paper,  but  if  you 
must  alter,  it  is  better  to  strike  out  the  condemned  word,  and  write 
the  substitute  above  it,  than  to  scratch  it  out  and  write  over  it,  as 
the  second  word  in  the  latter  case  is  rarely  legible.  Important 
passages  are  often  entirely  misunderstood  by  the  faulty  erasure  of 
one  word,  and  no  letter  is  perfect  that  is  defaced  by  a  bad  clu- 
rography. 

ORTHOGRAPHY. 

After  having  learned  to  form  your  letters,  the  next  important 
consideration  is  to  place  them  upon  paper  in  their  proper  combina- 
tions ;  after  the  alphabet  comes  the  spelling  book,  and  in  letter 
writing  orthography  stands  only  second  to  chirography. 

Many  spell  badly  from  sheer  ignorance ;  to  these  the  spelling 
book  is   earnestly  recommended,  and  no  other  study  should  be 
undertaken  till  the  speller  is  throughly  mastered.     When  those  who 
from  faulty  education,  or  forgetfulness,  are  doubtful  about  the  cot 
rect  spelling  of  any  word,  it  is  best  to  keep  a  dictionary  at  hand, 


INTRODUCTION.  19 

and  refer  to  it  upon  such  occasions.  It  is  far  better  to  spend  a  few 
moments  in  seeking  for  a  doubtful  word,  than  to  dispatch  an  ill- 
spelled  letter,  and  the  search  will  probably  impress  the  orthography 
upon  the  mind  for  a  future  occasion. 

Many,  on  the  other  hand,  who  are  perfectly  familiar  with  the  rules 
for  correct  spelling,  and  who  would  deeply  resent  any  doubt  of  their 
■ability,  will,  through  carelessness  and  inattention,  make  errors  that 
would  disgrace  a  schoolboy.  These,  writing  hastily,  will  often  leave 
out  the  double  consonant,  run  two  words  into  one,  omit  mute  letters, 
and  send  epistles  whose  errors  they  would  blush  to  own,  were  the 
manuscript  handed  to  them  in  cooler  moments  for  careful  perusal. 

There  are  also  words  that  are  not  in  common  use,  that  will  puzzle 
even  the  experienced  writer,  who  perhaps  has  heard  them  spoken 
but  never  seen  them  written  or  printed.  The  dictionary  is  the  safest 
guide  for  such  words.  Some  of  them  are  indeed  doubtful  to  any 
writer,  as  authorities  differ  as  to  the  spelling,  as  steadfast  or  stedfast, 
each  of  which  form  of  writing  is  ably  supported.  In  such  cases, 
either  way  that  is  given  by  good  authority  is  correct.  But  where, 
as  in  most  cases,  there  is  but  one  right  way  to  spell  a  word,  then  it 
is  unpardonable  to  miss  it. 

Strange  as  it  may  seem,  it  is  much  more  frequent  to  find  mispelled 
the  short  common  words  in  every-day  use,  than  the  longer  ones 
that  are  only  desirable  on  special  occasions,  and  this  is  probably 
because  an  unusual  combination  of  letters  forces  the  writer  to  pause 
and  consider  the  word.  Letters  are  often  written  where  every  word 
of  three  or  four  syllables  is  correct,  while  the  shorter  ones  are 
written  with  a  reckless  disregard  of  the  first  principles  of  the  primer, 
showing  an  anxious  consideration  of  the  former,  and  a  cool  uncon- 
cern about  the  latter,  as  absurd  as  it  is  blamable. 

Incorrect  spelling  will  expose  the  most  important  or  interesting 
letter  to  the  severest  sarcasm  and  ridicule.  However  perfect  in  all 
other  respects,  no  epistle  that  is  badly  spelled  will  be  regarded  as 
the  work  of  an  educated  gentleman  or  lady.  Carelessness  will  never 
be  considered,  and  to  be  ignorant  of  orthography  is  to  expose  an 
imperfect  education  at  once. 

One  of  the  best  guides  to  correct  spelling,  is  to  read  carefully  the 
works  of  the  best  authors,  and  observe  the  formation  of  the  words 
as  well  as  retain  the  idea.  It  is  safest  to  avoid  all  unusual  or  obso- 
lete words,  and  while  you  are  simple  in  language  you  will  probably 


20  INTRODUCTION. 

be  more  correct  in  spelling.    It  is  imperatively  necessary  that  a 
good  letter  be  correctly  spelled. 

Another  imperative  and  too  often  neglected  branch  of  orthography 
is  the  division  of  words  into  syllables,  and  the  consequent  use  of 
the  hyphen.  It  is  necessary  to  divide  words  only  when  they  are 
written  so  near  the  end  of  one  line  that  a  part  of  the  letters  must  be 
carried  over  to  the  next  line.  The  rules  for  such  division  are  so 
imperfectly  understood,  that  words  of  one  syllable  are  inhumanly 
torn  apart,  and  a  syllable  itself  will  be  split  into  two  pieces.  Where 
the  word  is  composed  of  but  one  syllable,  and  comes  at  the  end  of 
a  line,  if  it  must  be  carried  over,  take  the  whole  of  it  to  the  next  line. 
When  words  of  two  or  more  syllables  come  at  the  end  of  a  line, 
separate  them  in  syllables  according  to  rule,  and  not  according  to 
the  space  on  the  line.  Carrying  them  round  the  end  of  the  line,  as 
if  they  were  spilling  Over,  is  a  common  but  slovenly  habit,  and  should 
be  avoided.  Compound  words  must  be  divided  into  the  simple  words 
composing  them.  We  have  seen  mankind  divided  ma-nkind,  and 
cattle-show  cattlesho-w.  The  rules  for  the  correct  division  of 
words  are  too  long  to  be  contained  in  these  hints,  but  they  will  be 
found  in  every  spelling  book  and  dictionary,  and  an  observance  of 
them  is  necessary  to  every  correct  letter. 

GRAMMATICAL   ACCURACY. 

The  next  essential  requisite  in  the  composition  of  a  letter  is  a 
knowledge  and  correct  use  of  the  rules  of  grammar.  Next  to  bad 
spelling,  bad  grammar  is  censurable.  It  is  impossible  to  persuade 
your  correspondents  that  you  are  well  educated  or  a  finished  writer, 
if  you  so  confound  your  grammar  that  your  sentences  expose  your 
ignorance  at  once. 

No  beauty  of  simile,  no  interest  of  subject,  no  elegance  in  the 
selection  of  words,  will  ever  compensate  for  an  awkwardly  con- 
structed sentence,  or  a  grammatical  error  in  the  formation  of  a 
phrase.  The  contrast  between  the  gentleman  and  the  clown,  the 
lady  and  the  rustic,  is  never  more  marked  than  in  the  correctly 
expressed  ideas  of  the  one,  and  the  blundering  phrases  of  the  other. 
Nowhere  is  a  defective  education  so  glaringly  apparent  as  in  an 
ungrammatical  letter,  and  nowhere  is  a  carefully  worded  sentence 
more  acceptable  to  the  reader,  or  creditable  to  the  writer. 

Misplaced  verbs,  the  use  of  the  adverb  for  the  adjective,  or  tht 


INTRODUCTION.  2i 

adjective  for  the  adverb,  the  improper  use  of  the  relative  pronoun, 
the  mingling  in  dire  confusion  of  the  tenses  and  moods,  the  careless 
substitution  of  any  one  part  of  speech  for  one  more  correct,  are  all 
faults  that  expose  the  ignorant  man  as  soon  as  he  puts  his  clumsy 
ideas  upon  paper. 

It  is  simply  impossible  ever  to  command  elegance  of  style,  with- 
out conforming  strictly  to  the  acknowledged  rules  of  grammar. 
Flights  of  fancy  conveyed  in  language  that  is  an  outrage  upon  all 
established  principles  of  grammar,  are  so  very  absurd,  that  the 
more  lofty  or  beautiful  the  idea,  the  more  ludicrous  the  faulty  con- 
struction renders  them.  And  yet  strict  simplicity  demands  correct- 
ness, as  well  as  the  more  ornate  styles. 

Be  careful,  therefore,  always  to  put  your  handsomely  written, 
correctly  spelled  words  into  grammatical  sentences  and  phrases. 

PUNCTUATION. 

The  correct  or  improper  use  of  the  points  of  punctuation  will 
very  often  so  entirely  alter  the  sense  of  a  paragraph,  that  the  most 
reasonable  suggestions  become  arrant  nonsense,  or  what  appeared 
absurd  become  plain,  while  a  straightforward  direction  will  be  so 
twisted  by  the  alteration  of  a  comma  or  two  as  to  become  utterly 
incomprehensible. 

In  order  that  the  meaning  of  words  may  be  readily  understood, 
it  is  necessary  to  divide  them  into  paragraphs,  sentences,  and 
clauses,  and  this  is  accomplished  only  by  the  correct  use  of  punc- 
tuation points.  As  a  branch  of  education,  the  proper  use  of  these 
little  finger-posts  of  understanding,  is  too  much  neglected  ;  but  as 
no  man  wishes  to  be  ignorant  of  the  art  of  letter  writing,  so  no  one 
wishes  his  letter  to  be  perfectly  unintelligible  when  it  is  written. 
Yet  if  all  his  sentences  run  together  for  want  of  a  period  or  two  ; 
all  his  clauses  are  connected,  lacking  a  few  commas  and  semicolons, 
he  cannot  complain  if  his  correspondent  fails  to  make  the  correct 
divisions  of  the  subjects  of  his  letter.  If  you  inform  a  friend  that 
"  You  will  be  surprised  to  hear  that  yesterday  Mr.  Smith  married  ; 
his  sister  Jane  was  present,"  and  you  write  it  without  punctua- 
tion, you  must  not  be  astonished  if  he  inquires  in  his  next  how  Mr„ 
Smith  came  to  marry  his  sister  Jane. 

In  the  art  of  punctuation  there  is,  it  is  true,  a  wide  scope  for  the 
exercise  of  taste  or  discretion  in  the  writer.     The  alteration  of  a 


22  INTRODUCT10IT. 

comma  will  often  emphasize  a  word  or  clause  in  a  sentence,  or  its 
omission  give  a  new  significance  to  a  phrase  ;  yet,  at  the  same  time, 
there  are  broad  general  rules  that  mark  ignorance  if  disregarded. 
Clearness,  accuracy  and  strength  in  composition  all  require  that 
these  common  rules  meet  their  due  share  of  the  writer's  attention, 
and  without  them  confusion  will  be  the  result  of  the  clearest  think- 
ing.' 

Thus,  each  subject  in  a  letter  must  be  considered  by  itself,  and 
divided  from  the  other  subjects  ;  this  will  divide  the  composition 
into  paragraphs.  Then  each  subject  must  be  sub-divided  into 
sentences  and  clauses  that  will  make  the  writer's  ideas  perfectly 
plain,  and  carry  the  full  weight  of  meaning.  Sometimes  one  word 
in  a  sentence  must  be  set  apart  from  other  words  to  give  it  the 
proper  emphasis,  or  a  clause  is  introduced  in  parenthesis,  which  if 
not  clearly  defined  would  make  arrant  nonsense  of  a  whole  sentence. 
All  these  little  niceties  are  accomplished  by  the  proper  use  of  the 
points  of  punctuation. 

Some  letter  writers  consider  it  quite  sufficient  if  they  dot  off  each 
paragraph  with  a  period,  leaving  all  the  little  details,  so  clearly 
defined  by  the  use  of  comma,  semicolon,  or  colon,  to  the  imagina- 
tion of  the  reader.  This  is  a  great  oversight,  and  may  cause  the 
most  annoying  blunders.  Others,  again,  use  all  the  points  of  punc- 
tuation, and  scatter  them  over  the  page  so  indiscriminately  that 
they  are  worse  than  none  at  all ;  only  serving  to  confuse  the  corre- 
spondent. To  be  valuable  at  all  they  must  be  used  carefully  and 
correctly. 

Put  a  comma  wherever  you  would  make  a  trifling  pause,  were 
you  speaking  ;  as,  "  He  came,  he  saw,  he  conquered." 

A  semicolon  makes  a  longer  pause,  and  an  incomplete  sentence ; 
as,  "  Mankind  is  mortal ;  angels  are  immortal."  The  semicolon 
separates  the  sentence  more  distinctly  than  the  comma. 

The  colon  marks  a  sentence  which  is  complete  in  itself,  but  is 
followed  by  some  additional  remark ;  in  short,  the  colon  takes  the 
place  of  a  conjunction  ;  as,  "  Shun  vice  :  it  will  lead  to  ruin."  The 
colon  is  also  used  to  precede  a  quotation,  and  point  it  off  from  the 
rest  of  the  sentence ;  as,  Shakespeare  says :  "  Assume  a  virtue,  if 
vcu  have  it  not." 

The  period  is  used  to  denote  that  a  sentence  is  complete ;  as, 
1  Idleness  is  the  mother  of  all  vice." 

The  dash  is  used  to  denote  a  sudden  pause,  or  abrupt  change  of 


INTRODUCTION.  23 

sense  ;  as,  "  I  have  suffered  cold,  hunger,  every  privation — but  why 
speak  of  this  1 " 

The  interrogation  point  is  used  only  after  a  question  ;  as,  "  Was 
your  pleasure  all  gone  V 

The  interjection  point  is  used  only  to  denote  an  exclamation  ;  as, 
"  Alas  !  all  joy  has  left  me  ! " 

The  parenthesis  is  used  to  enclose  a  portion  of  a  sentence  which 
if  left  out  would  not  destroy  the  sense  ;  as,  "  I  value  this  trinket  (a 
keepsake)  very  highly." 

The  apostrophe  is  used  to  mark  the  possessive  case,  and  also  the 
omission  of  a  letter  or  letters  in  a  word ;  as,  "  William's  horse  is 
gray,"or  "  Gen'l  Sherman  commanded  our  division." 

The  caret  is  used  to  mark  an  omitted  word,  which  word  must  be 

present, 

written  immediately  above  it ;  as,  "  We  were  all  except  mother." 

A 

The  hyphen  is  used  to  connect  compound  words,  and  at  the  end 
of  a  line  shows  that  more  syllables  are  carried  over  to  the  next 
line. 

Quotation  marks  are  used  before  and  after  every  quotation,  to 
separate  and  define  it ;  as,  "  Many  are  called,  but  few  are  chosen." 

CAPITAL    LETTERS. 

Next  in  importance  to  the  punctuation  points  are  the  capital 
letters.  These  not  only  set  apart  the  sentences  and  paragraphs,  but 
while  their  proper  use  adds  greatly  to  the  beauty  of  an  epistle, 
their  omission  or  improper  use  will  make  the  pages  present  a  per- 
fectly absurd  appearance.  While  some  writers  scatter  the  capitals 
profusely  over  every  page,  others  again  omit  them  altogether. 
Their  proper  use  is  defined  in  the  following  general  rules,  though 
sometimes  emphasis  will  demand  a  violation  of  any  strict  principle  a 

Begin  every  paragraph  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  every  sentence  following  a  period  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  ail  proper  names  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  all  titles,  as  General,  Doctor  or  Captain,  with  a  capital  let- 
ter. 

Begin  all  names  of  places,  as  Boston,  Newport,  Niagara,  with  a 
eapital  letter. 


24  nrmovucTioN. 

Begin  the  words,  North,  South,  East,  West,  and  their  compounds 
and  abbreviations,  as  North-east,  S.  W.,  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  the  names  of  the  Deity  and  Heaven,  or  the  pronoun  used 
for  the  former,  as,  in  His  mercy — Thou,  Father,  with  a  capital 
letter. 

Begin  all  adjectives  formed  from  the  names  of  places  or  points  of 
the  compass,  as  English,  Northern,  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  every  line  of  poetry  with  a  capital  letter. 
'     Begin  all  quotations  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  all  titles  of  books,  and  usually  each  important  word  of  the 
title,  as  Hume's  History  of  England,  with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  the  name  of  any  historical  event,  as  the  French  Revolution, 
with  a  capital  letter. 

The  pronoun  I  and  the  interjection  0  must  invariably  be  written 
with  a  capital  letter. 

Begin  all  names  of  the  month,  as  June,  April,  with  a  capital 
letter. 

Begin  all  addresses,  as  Dear  Sir — Dear  Madam,  with  a  capital 
letter. 

Capital  letters  must  never  be  placed  in  the  middle  of  a  word ; 
never,  except  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  rules,  in  the  middle 
of  a  sentence. 

Handsomely  written  capital  letters,  in  their  proper  positions,  add 
greatly  to  the  beauty  of  a  letter,  but  out  of  their  places  they  are 
altogether  absurd. 

STYLE. 

The  most  infinite  variety  comes  under  the  head  of  style  in  letter 
writing.  Every  mind,  every  subject,  every  occasion,  will  suggest  a 
variation  in  this  wide  art,  but  while  beauties  attach  to  each  and 
every  one  of  the  different  styles,  the  most  charming  in  most  cases  is 
the  most  simple.  Letters  generally  are  the  expressions  of  thought 
from  one  mind  to  another,  intended  for  the  perusal  of  one  person 
only,  and  therefore  are  in  bad  taste  if  any  effect  in  style  is  attempt- 
ed ;  if  quotations  are  used  they  should  flow  easily  into  the  general 
tone  of  the  letter,  and  flowery  language,  similes  or  redundancy 
should  be  very  carefully  and  sparingly  used. 

Of  course  every  letter  must  carry  its  own  style  with  its  subject. 
Thus,  the  style  of  a  lady  addressing  a  servant  would  be  utterly 
different  from  that  used  by  the  sertant  in  reply;  the  style  in  ad- 


INTRODUCTION.  25 

dressing  a  stranger  must  vary  from  that  used  toward  a  familiar 
friend  ;  near  relatives  would  omit  the  formalities  of  letters  of  com^ 
pliment,  and  so  through  the  whole  list.  Each  subject  will  carry  its 
own  style. 

Yet  the  plain  general  rules  may  be  found  of  use.  The  formal 
style  rejects  every  phrase  or  word  that  is  merely  complimentary  or 
ornamental.  It  is  terse,  clear,  and  easily  understood,  conveying  the 
writer's  ideas  in  the  briefest  form. 

The  matter-of-fact  style  is  one  degree  above  this.  While  there 
are  still  no  idle  or  useless  words,  there  is  not  the  extreme  of  brevity. 
Words  that  will  make  the  meaning  clear  and  correct  are  selected, 
but  none  that  are  intended  merely  to  embellish. 

The  easy  style  admits  of  some  ornament,  but  only  such  as  flows 
easily  and  readily  into  the  train  of  ideas.  It  is  the  style  most  suited 
to  letter  writing,  comprising  the  common-place  and  graceful,  and 
adapted  to  many  varieties  of  familiar  subjects. 

The  elegant  style  aims  a  little  higher,  and  should  only  be  attempt- 
ed  by  the  finished  scholar.  It  is  rich  in  the  beauties  of  ornamental 
language,  while  it  carefully  avoids  too  great  use  of  choice  expres- 
sions. Blair  defines  an  elegant  writer  as  "  one  who  pleases  the 
fancy  and  the  ear,  while  he  informs  the  understanding ;  and  who 
gives  us  his  ideas  clothed  with  all  the  beauty  of  expression,  but 
not  overcharged  with  any  of  its  misplaced  finery." 

The  florid  style  is  full  of  ornament,  and  is  as  much  out  of  place 
usually  in  a  letter,  as  a  lecture  or  sermon  would  be  in  a  morning 
call. 

It  is  style  that  beautifies  or  mars  a  letter,  careful  elegance  mak- 
ing the  most  humble  matter  pleasing,  while  a  laborious  or  over- 
ornate  style  disfigures  the  most  exalted  and  beautiful  ideas. 

Lord  Chesterfield,  the  old  yet  ever  new  guide  in  so  many  matters 
connected  with  polite  society,  says  : 

"  It  is  of  the  greatest  importance  to  write  letters  well ;  as  this  is 
a  talent  which  unavoidably  occurs  every  day  of  one's  life,  as  well 
in  business  as  in  pleasure ;  and  inaccuracies  in  orthography  or 
style  are  never  pardoned.  Much  depends  upon  the  manner  in  which 
they  are  written,  which  ought  to  be  easy  and  natural,  not  strained 
and  florid.  For  instance,  when  you  are  about  to  send  a  billet  doux, 
or  love  letter  to  a  fair  friend,  you  must  only  think  of  what  you 
would  say  to  her  if  you  were  both  together,  and  then  write  it ;  that 
renders  the  style  easy  and  natural;  though  some  people  imagine 


26  WTRODUCTIOIT. 

the  wording  of  a  letter  to  be  a  great  undertaking,  and  think  thej 
must  write  abundantly  better  than  they  talk,  which  is  not  at  aU 
necessary.  Style  is  the  dress  of  thoughts,  and  let  them  be  ever  so 
just,  if  your  style  is  homely,  coarse,  and  vulgar,  they  will  appear 
to  as  much  disadvantage  and  be  as  ill  received  as  your  person, 
though  ever  so  well  proportioned,  would,  if  dressed  in  rags,  dirt, 
and  tatters.  It  is  not  every  understanding  that  can  judge  of  mat- 
ter ;  but  every  one  can  and  does  judge,  more  or  less,  o£j3tyle ;  and 
were  I  either  to  speak  or  write  to  the  public,  I  should  prefer  mod- 
erate matter,  adorned  with  all  the  beauties  and  elegancies  of  style, 
to  the  strongest  matter  in  the  world,  ill-worded  and  ill-delivered." 

It  is  of  course  impossible  to  follow  any  imperative  rules  for  style 
in  letter  writing.  With  every  variety  of  subject,  every  class  of 
people,  what  is  just  and  proper  in  one  case,  becomes  downright 
absurdity  in  another.  Letter  writing  being  but  written  conversation, 
the  best  style  for  writing  is  the  style  that  you  would  use  in  speak- 
ing, were  you  face  to  face  with  the  person  to  whom  you  are  address- 
ing your  letter. 

The  great  faults  to  be  avoided  are  too  much  attempt  at  the  florid 
style,  too  long  sentences,  tautology,  repetition  and  underlining.  As 
a  rule,  the  simpler  the  language  that  will  fully  convey  the  writer's 
ideas,  the  better  the  style.  Quotations  should  be  used  very  spar- 
ingly, and  a  profusion  of  adjectives  carefully  avoided.  Very  long 
sentences  should  also  be  used  but  seldom,  if  at  all.  They  are 
almost  invariably  confusing,  and  make  the  writer's  meaning  obscure, 
where  a  short  sentence  would  make  it  perfectly  clear.  The  paren- 
thesis, if  used,  should  be  carefully  punctuated,  or  separated  by  a 
dash  from  the  main  sentence,  as,  "  Sarah — who  is,  you  know,  a  con- 
firmed invalid — is  as  well  as  usual." 

Tautology,  or  the  too  frequent  repetition  of  the  same  words,  is  a 
very  common  fault,  and  one  that  may  be  avoided  by  the  study  of 
synonyms,  and  a  command  of  the  vocabulary.  The  same  idea  in 
our  language  may  be  conveyed  in  so  many  and  varied  forms  that 
there  is  no  necessity  for  tautology.  Repetition  of  the  same  fact  or 
idea  is  another  very  common  fault.  An  idea  that  the  writer  desires 
to  impress  forcibly  upon  the  reader,  written  once  in  strong,  clear 
language,  will  interest  him  more  than  the  same  idea  conveyed  over 
and  over  again  until  it  becomes  tedious  and  is  thrown  aside  in  dis- 
gust. 

Underlining  is  generally  a  waste  of  time.    It  is  sometimes  neces* 


INTRODUCTION.  27 

sary  to  enforce  a  sentence  by  the  marked  emphasis  of  a  word,  or  a 
whole  sentence  may  need  the  underline  to  convey  the  writer's  idea ; 
but  this  is  an  exception,  the  rule  being  that  clear,  strong  language 
is  more  forcible  than  any  underlining. 

Be  careful  to  avoid  plagiarism.  Your  own  ideas,  conveyed  in 
your  own  words,  must  be  given  in  your  letter  if  you  would  not  ex- 
pose yourself  to  the  keenest  ridicule. 

ABBREVIATIONS. 

Abbreviations  are  seldom  in  good  taste  except  in  official  or  business 
tetters,  where  they  are  not  only  allowed,  but  often  absolutely  neces- 
sary. In  friendly  correspondence  good  breeding  will  omit  them 
entirely.  Yet  when  they  are  used  they  should  be  written  in  accord- 
ance with  rule.  Always  place  a  period  after  any  abbreviated  word, 
and  an  apostrophe  where  letters  are  omitted  in  the  middle  of  the 
word.  Thus :  Capt.,  Lieut.,  and  Gen:l,  Pres't.  The  contraction  &  is 
only  permitted  when  connecting  the  names  of  a  firm,  as  Messrs. 
White  &  Caldwell. 

All  the  little  abbreviations  of  words  in  every-day  use,  as  can't  for 
cannot,  won't  for  will  not,  are  vulgar  in  a  letter,  and  should  be 
avoided.  Such  contractions  give  your  page  an  appearance  of  haste 
and  carelessness.  They  do  not  save  time  enough  in  their  use  to 
make  up  for  their  awkward  appearance,  and,  besides,  it  is  more  of  a 
compliment  to  your  correspondents  to  allow  them  to  suppose  you 
gave  them  at  least  as  much  time  and  care  as  were  required  to  put 
your  thoughts  into  words. 

As  a  rule  all  abbreviations  should  be  avoided. 


Figures  should  be  very  sparingly  used  in  letters. 

The  date  must  be  given  in  figures,  and  any  date  mentioned  in  th« 
body  of  the  letter  must  also  be  written  in  figures. 

Sums  of  money  written  in  words  are  usually  repeated  in  figures 
enclosed  in  a  parenthesis,  as,  five  thousand  dollars  ($5,000). 

QUOTATIONS. 

Quotations  should  be  used  as  a  very  rare  luxury,  as  they  are  apt 
to  give  an  appearance  of  pedantry  and  studied  effect.    When  they 


28 


INTRODUCTION. 


are  given,  they  should  have  a  separate  line,  commence  with  a  capital 
letter,  and  be  carefully  placed  within  inverted  commas  or  quotation 
marks,  or  you  may  be  accused  of  endeavoring  to  pass  off  the  ideas 
of  another,  for  your  own.     Thus,  in  writing  the  quotation, 

"  A  thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  forever," 
as  above,  no  one  can  suspect  you  of  plagiarism. 

Carefully  avoid  the  use  of  words  in  a  foreign  tongue,  or  phrases 
in  any  but  your  own  language.  If  your  corespondent  is  familiar 
with  the  language,  you  will  probably  waken  a  derisive  smil*  for 
your  attempted  display  of  knowledge,  and  if  you  address  one  igno- 
rant of  your  meaning,  you  may  unintentionally  wound  by  touching 
such  ignorance. 

If,  however,  in  an  easy  correspondence  with  one  who  can  reply 
to  an  apt  quotation,  or  word  in  another  tongue,  you  use  such  quo- 
tations, be  very  careful  that  they  are  strictly  correct,  or  you  may 
get  well  laughed  at  for  your  attempt  at  display. 

SLANG   WORDS   AND   PHRASES. 

The  use  of  slang  words  and  phrases,  which  disfigure  so  much  of 
modern  correspondence,  is  in  bad  taste,  and  even  when  commenced 
in  playful  familiarity  is  apt  to  run  into  vulgarity.  The  great  error 
in  using  such  expressions  is  obvious  to  any  writer  of  refined  taste, 
and  yet,  so  great  is  their  use  in  the  present  day,  that  almost  uncon- 
sciously they  slip  into  polite  conversation  and  letter  writing.  There 
is  a  fashion,  too,  about  them,  and  the  word  or  phrase  that  to-day 
comes  from  the  lips  of  a  refined  gentleman,  will  to-morrow  be  cast 
out  of  good  society  entirely. 

It  is  a  mistaken  idea  to  suppose  that  the  use  of  slang  will  ever 
supply  the  place  of  wit.  True  wit  will  find  its  expression  in  correct 
English  quite  as  quickly  as  in  the  vulgar  expressions  called  slang, 
and  where  there  is  no  true  wit  in  the  mind,  rest  assured  that  the 
whole  vocabulary  of  slang  will  never  supply  the  deficiency. 


Having  discussed  the  manner  of  letter  writing,  we  come  next  to 
the  matter  or  subject. 

This  will  vary  with  probably  each  one  of  the  millions  of  letters 
written  daily,  in  some  particular.    Every  letter  must  have  some 


INTRODUCTION.  29    "' 

foundation.  It  will,  of  course,  vary  with  the  writer's  position  and 
interests  and  those  of  the  recipient  of  the  letter.  Often  the  lettex* 
seems  a  formidable  task  from  the  simple  fact  that  there  is  no  especial 
subject  or  occasion  for  writing  it,  but  it  is  absurd  to  suppose  that 
letters  from  relatives  and  friends  must  wait  for  special  commu- 
nications. 

Remember  that  letters  are  written  conversations.  Write  as  you 
would  speak,  were  your  corespondent  beside  you,  and  try  to  select 
such  ideas  as  will  interest  and  please.  But  where  your  letter  is 
written  for  a  special  purpose,  and  you  have  one  or  more  subjects  to 
consider,  endeavor  so  to  arrange  the  branches  that  you  will  make 
each  idea  perfectly  distinct  and  clearly  defined.  Do  not  let  one 
subject  run  into  another,  but  give  to  each  one  a  place  and  paragraph, 
carefully  noting  all  that  you  wish  to  say  upon  one  point,  before  you 
begin  to  write  upon  another. 

It  will  require  some  practice  and  tact  to  divide  such  letters,  with- 
out stiffness  or  formality,  but  it  is  better  to  appear  a  little  precise 
than  to  jumble  up  the  various  points  under  consideration  into  a 
confused  mass. 

It  is  generally  best  in  all  but  business  letters  to  begin  with  some 
little  introduction,  as  perhaps  an  apology  for  delay,  an  impatience 
for  a  letter  from  your  correspondent,  or  perhaps  a  little  leading  to 
the  important  matter  that  may  follow  your  preface.  Then  let  the 
most  important  portion  of  your  communication  follow,  and  dwell 
upon  what  you  wish  most  to  impress,  other  subjects  following  in 
proper  order,  and  the  whole  letter  ending  with  expressions  of  regard 
or  sympathy. 

The  consideration  of  each  form  of  letter  in  the  body  of  this 
work  will  lead  to  further  remark  as  the  different  subjects  come 
under  consideration. 


Every  letter  or  note  should  be  carefully  dated.  It  will  prevent 
confusion,  stamp  events  upon  the  memory,  and  mark  care  in  the 
writer.  The  date  of  a  letter  comprises  the  city  or  town,  state  and 
county  in  some  instances,  day  of  the  month,  month  and  year.  If 
you  are  writing  from  a  hotel,  put  the  name  of  the  hotel,  if  from  a 
small  place,  mention  the  county  and  state. 

Write  the  date  in  the  right-hand  corner  of  the  first  line  of  your 


30  INTRODUCTION. 

sheet ;  if  it  is  a  long  one,  put  the  name  of  the  month  and  the  ye&f 
on  the  next  line,  as : 

Vienna,  Fairfax  Co.,  Va., 
April  1st,  1867. 

But  where  the  county  and  state  are  not  mentioned,  one  line  will 
usually  suffice  for  the  entire  date,  as : 

New  York,  March  28th,  1867. 

In  dating  a  note,  the  day  of  the  week  is  often  given  instead  of 
the  name  of  the  city,  as : 

Thursday,  March  28th,  1867. 

POSTSCRIPTS. 

Always  endeavor  so  to  arrange  your  letter,  that  you  may  have  no 
occasion  for  a  postscript.  Like  all  other  after-thoughts  they  are 
awkward  additions  to  the  leading  purport  of  a  letter,  and  are  best 
avoided. 

If,  after  you  have  completed  and  signed  your  letter,  an  event 
occurs  that  will  interest  your  correspondent,  or  you  learn  some  item 
of  importance  or  interest,  you  may  add  a  postscript,  stating  why 
your  communication  is  not  in  the  body  of  your  letter. 

Never  send  a  message  of  compliment  in  a  postscript.  It  is  a 
glaring  breach  of  etiquette,  and  often  a  gross  disregard  of  feeling 
to  send  such  a  postscript.  To  write  a  long  letter  upon  various 
matters,  and  in  the  postscript  request  to  be  remembered  to  your 
correspondent's  family  is  an  outrage.  What  would  be  a  compliment 
in  the  letter,  becomes  a  positive  insult  in  the  postscript. 

FORMS    OF   ADDRESS. 

The  various  forms  of  address  must  of  course  alter  with  the  dif- 
ferent subjects  and  occasions  for  letters.  "  Dear  Sir  "  and  "  Dear 
Madam  "  are  usual  even  where  the  parties  are  entire  strangers  to 
each  other,  and  every  position  will  call  for  the  title  belonging  to  it, 
in  the  address  of  a  letter.  "  Honored  Sir  "  is  used  in  addressing  a 
superior,  "  Reverend  Sir  "  for  a  clergyman,  and  "  Sir  "  where  great 
formality  is  requisite.  If  addressing  a  maiden  lady,  the  full  name 
looks  better  than  "  Dear  Miss." 

!ybe  signature  is  preceded  also  by  some  form  of  compliment,  bjtf 


INTRODUCTION. 


31 


as  the  following  pages  will  give  specimens  of  each  form  of  address, 
it  is  unnecessary  to  enlarge  upon  them  here. 

THE   SUPERSCRIPTION. 

The  present  fashion  of  envelopes  have  made  any  hints  with  regard 
to  folding  letters  superfluous,  hut  the  direction  is  of  primary  im- 
portance. It  is  customary  to  write  this  as  near  the  right  hand 
corner  of  the  envelope  as  practicable,  but  if  preferred,  the  first  line 
looks  equally  well  in  the  centre  of  the  blank. 

The  name  must  occupy  the  first  line,  then,  if  directed  to  the  care 
of  a  firm  or  individual,  this  must  take  the  next  line,  then  the  city, 
county,  and  finally  state.    Thus  : 


N 


Mrs.  Almira  Cregan, 
Care  of  Col.  S.  G.  Cregan, 

Washington, 
0.  C. 


For  the  use  of  those  who  are  not  familiar  with  the  abbreviations 
of  the  names  of  the  various  states,  we  add  the  following  table : 

Maine,  Me. ;  New  Hampshire,  N.  H. ;  Vermont,  Vt. ;  Massachu- 
setts, Mass. ;  Rhode  Island,  R.  I. ;  Connecticut,  Conn. ;  New  York, 
N.  Y. ;  New  Jersey,  N.  J. ;  Pennsylvania,  Penna.  or  Pa. ;  Delaware, 
Del. ;  Maryland,  Md. ;  Virginia,  Va. ;  North  Carolina,  N.  C. ;  South 
Carolina,  S.  C. ;  Georgia,  Ga.  or  Geo. ;  Alabama,  Ala. ;  Mississippi, 
Miss. ;  Missouri,  Mo. ;  Louisiana,  La. ;  Tennessee,  Tenn. ;  Ken- 
tucky, Ky. ;  Indiana,  Ind. ;  Ohio,  0.;  Michigan,  Mich.;  Illinois, 
Iil,;  Wisconsin,  Wis.;  Arkansas,  Ark.;   Texas,  Tex. ;  Iowa,  Io.$ 


ft  INTRODUCTION. 

Florida,  JFla. ;    Oregon,  On. ;   California,  Cal. ;    Minnesota,  Minn.  \ 
District  of  Columbia,  D.  C. 

It  is  rather  fashionable  at  present  to  write  the  name  of  the  state 
in  full.     This  is,  however,  a  matter  of  taste. 

ANSWERS. 

AU  letters  require  some  answer,  and  often  the  importance  of  a 
communication  depends  entirely  upon  the  reply. 

Certain  forms  of  courtesy  are  always  to  be  complied  with,  and 
among  these  the  prompt  answering  of  letters  is  prominent.  It  is  a 
great  breach  of  politeness  to  omit  to  answer  a  letter,  or  to  leave  it 
so  long  that  the  inquiry  may  well  be  forgotten,  or  the  compliance 
with  a  request  useless. 

Never  answer  a  letter  by  proxy  when  you  are  able  to  write 
yourself.  It  is  a  mark  of  respect,  of  affection,  of  kindness,  to  write 
yourself  an  answer  to  any  communication  that  may  be  addressed 
to  you. 

If  you  write  to  grant  a  favor,  the  words  Till  come  with  an  added 
graciousness  from  your  own  pen.  If  you  must  refuse,  your  own 
words,  delicately  expressed,  and  your  reasons  given  with  the  marks 
of  regret,  will  lighten  the  pain  of  your  non-compliance  with  the 
wishes  of  your  correspondent. 

Nothing  will  stamp  you  as  a  lady  or  gentleman  more  decidedly 
than  to  give  a  prompt,  courteous,  and  intelligent  n»ply  to  all  letters 
addressed  to  you. 

The  first  requisite  is  promptness.  If  you  receive  a  letter  making 
inquiries  that  will  require  time  to  answer,  write  and  acknowledge 
the  receipt  of  the  letter,  and  state  the  reason  of  delay  in  sending 
the  desired  information. 

GENERAL    HINTS. 

If  you  seal  with  wax,  it  is  best  to  fasten  the  envelope  down  fir-cl? 
bofore  dropping  the  wax  for  the  impression  of  the  seal. 

Notes  of  compliment  must  always  be  written  in  the  third  person. 

An  impertinent  letter  is  best  treated  with  silent  contempt. 

Never  write  carelessly.  You  can  never  be  sure  that  your  lettet 
will  meet  only  the  eyes  for  which  it  is  intended. 

Never  write  in  pencil.    It  is  always  careless,  often  rude 


INTRODUCTION.  33 

Never  write  on  a  half  sheet  of  paper. 
Avoid  pedantry ;  it  is  the  sign  of  empty-headed  conceit. 
Never  write  a  congratulatory  letter  upon  mourning  paper,  even  if 
you  are  using  it  habitually. 

If  you  make  an  ill-formed  letter,  let  it  alone.  You  will  not  im- 
prove it  by  patching,  but  the  endeavor  to  do  so  will  be  distinctly 
visible  in  most  cases. 

In  adding  your  own  address  to  a  letter,  put  it  under  your  signa- 
ture, thus : 

Very  Eespectfully, 

Paul  G.  Cheston, 

No.  237  L St., 

New  Haven, 

Conn. 

"When  sending  a  letter  requiring  an  answer  upon  your  own  busi- 
ness, always  enclose  a  stamp  for  the  reply. 

Never  write  an  anonymous  letter,  or,  even  if  you  are  certain  you 
know  the  author  of  one  received,  never  answer  it.  Nothing  but 
silent  contempt  should  meet  such  cowardly,  underhand  epistles. 

Avoid  gossip.  Friendly  intelligence,  if  you  are  certain  it  is  true, 
may  be  communicated,  but  "  they  say,"  and  "  it  is  whispered,"  are 
detestable  preludes  to  usually  most  arrant  gossip. 

Always  enclose  a  stamp  in  a  letter  requesting  an  autograph,  or  a 
reply  on  your  own  business. 

Date  every  letter  clearly  and  carefully.  It  is  often  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  know  when  a  letter  was  written. 

Be  careful  not  to  repeat  the  words  "  but "  and  "  and  "  too  often ; 
a  frequent  mistake  with  inexperienced  writers. 

Tautology  is  another  error  of  frequent  occurrence,  and  consists 
of  using  the  same  word  very  often,  in  close  proximity ;  as,  "  I  went 
to  buy  a  bonnet,  I  saw  a  great  many  pretty  bonnets,  and  bought  a 
pink  bonnet."  This  sentence  should  read :  "  I  went  to  buy  a  bon- 
net, of  which  I  saw  a  great  variety,  and  purchased  a  pink  one." 

Sit  erect  while  writing,  as,  if  you  write  constantly,  a  stoop  will 
surely  injure  your  figure  and  your  health. 

Use  simple,  correct  language,  and  avoid  all  efforts  at  fine  sentences 
or  forced  similes.  Pure,  sound  English  is  more  elegant  than  quota- 
tions in  a  foreign  tongue. 

There  are  six  parts  to  every  letter :  The  date ;  the  complimentary 
3 


34  INTRODUCTION. 

address;  the  body  01  the  letter;  the  complimentary  closing;  the 
signature ;  the  address  or  superscription ;  thus : 

(Date),       Boston,  May  3d,  1865. 
{Complimentary  address),      John  Ellmoee,  Esq., 

Deab  Sie  : 
(Body  of  the  letter),  You  will  see  by  the 

date  that  I  have  arrived  at  my  destination  safely.    To-morrow  I  shall  en- 
deavor to  see  the  gentlemen  who  have  invited  me  here,  and  hope  soon  to 
write  you  that  our  business  was  satisfactorily  arranged. 
(Complimentary  closing),        I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Yours,  very  truly, 
(Signature),  W.  T.  Hopkins. 

(Address  or  superscription),     John  Ellmoke,  Esq., 

No.  316  Madison  Square, 

Philadelphia, 

Feu. 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 


The  first  requisite  in  letters  of  introduction  is  brevity,  as  they 
are  usually  read  in  the  presence  of  the  person  presenting  them, 
and,  at  best,  make  an  awkward  pause  during  their  perusal.  You 
may  speak  in  such  a  letter  in  the  warmest  and  most  cordial  terms 
of  your  friend,  but  praises  are  as  much  out  of  place  as  they  would 
be  spoken  at  a  personal  introduction.  This  rule  does  not  apply  to 
such  as  introduce  those  who  come  for  a  favor  or  a  position,  which 
partake  more  of  the  character  of  letters  of  recommendation. 

Letters  of  introduction  must  be  invariably  left  unsealed,  for  it  is 
a  great  error  in  etiquette  to  prevent  the  bearer  from  reading  what 
you  may  have  written.  If  your  letter  introduces  a  friend  in  a 
business  or  professional  capacity,  mention  what  is  his  business  or 
profession,  and  if  your  own  knowledge  of  him  is  slight,  you  may 
mention  by  whom  he  was  introduced  to  you.  If  an  artist,  you  may 
always  speak  of  the  pleasure  his  skill  may  have  given  you. 

Letters  of  introduction  to  those  seeking  favors  should  be  spar- 
ingly given,  and  never  unless  you  are  thoroughly  acquainted  with 
the  applicant's  claims  for  such  favors. 

In  the  left  hand  corner  of  the  envelope  containing  a  letter  of 
introduction,  write  the  name  of  the  party  introduced,  that  the  persen 
addressed  may  see  at  a  glance  the  nature  of  the  letter.  Thus,  a 
letter  introducing  Mr.  James  Price,  of  Chicago,  to  Mr.  John  Lewis, 
of  Philadelphia,  should  be  directed, 

John  Lewis,  Esq.. 
I  Pniladelphia, 

Penna. 

Introducing  James  Peice,  Esq.,  of  Chicago. 

The  most  agreeable  and  elegant  way  of  presenting  a  letter  of 
introduction  at  a  private  house,  is  to  send  it  by  the  servant  to  the 
person  addressed,  with  your  visiting  card. 

If  presented  at  a  counting  house,  when  you  send  your  card  into 
the  counting  house,  send  your  letter  with  it. 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 


Introducing  one  Lady  to  another., 

^few-  fod,  g/lfiul  fth,  4$ — - 
Weal  SBaWva  : 

$4  aiveb  me  aiea4  hlemwie  4o  home  4hii>  ohhol- 
4unidy  cj  iwdioducina  4o  ucu  mu  cleat  Juend,  @Mte. 
qffendall,  oj  whom  uou  have  oUen  hea/id  me  j&kealc. 
$  jeei  /Ucte  4ha4  4wo  jiiendb  jbo  dea/o  4o  me  will 
jind  aA  much  hleaMtie  in  4hm  acqtiain4ance,  at>  4heu 
home  each  aUo'vded  me.  <g£nu  a44endvon  4ha4  uou, 
mau  jind  i4  hlea^an4  4o  fihow  4o  <dky  $fcndall, 
duAma  hei  fi4aii  in  uou/i  §i4u,  will  ve  hiahlu  ahfiAe- 
ciaded  iu 

VoiM  /bineete  jiiend^ 

eMaty  (g.  $fau. 
oMte.  3H.  (g.  (gudiiwft 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION.  37 

Introducing  a  Young  Musician  to  a  Lady  Friend. 

Boston,  June  3d,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Holster, — My  young  friend,  Mr.  Lawrence 
Ames,  being  about  lo  visit  your  city,  it  gives  me  much  pleasure  to 
introduce  him  to  you,  knowing  your  great  love  and  keen  apprecia- 
tion of  the  art  to  which  he  is  devoting  his  attention.  He  is  desirous 
of  visiting  the  musical  resorts  of  your  city,  and  I  know  of  no  one 
who  will  offer  him  more  valuable  and  kind  assistance  in  his  selection 
than  yourself. 

"With  best  regards  to  your  family, 

I  am,  my  dear  madam, 

Ever  your  friend, 

John  Grantlet. 
Mrs.  "William  Holsieb. 


Introducing  Prof  Payne  to  Prof.  Myers. 

Newton,  Mass.,  May  12th,  18 — . 

Respected  Friend, — Prof.  Payne,  who  is,  no  doubt,  well  known 

to  you  by  reputation,  is  desirous  of  visiting  your  college,  and  judging 

personally  of  the  peculiarities  of  your  admirable  system.      Being 

anxious  to   offer  him   every  facility,  I  venture   upon   our  slight 

acquaintance   to  present  him  to  you,  trusting  that  two  minds  so 

congenial  in  pursuit,  may  find  a  mutual  pleasure  in  friendship. 

I  am,  sir, 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

L.  J.  Somers. 
Trof.  M.  L.  Myebs. 


Introducing  a  Young  Lady  Seeking  Employment 

Keene,  May  16th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Hill, — My  young  friend,  Miss  Mary  Armstrong, 
being  desirous  of  finding  some  employment  in  your  city,  I  take 
the  privilege  of  old  friendship  to  solicit  your  kind  aid  in  her  en- 
deavors. She  has  been  highly  educated,  particularly  in  the  study 
of  languages,  and  I  feel  assured  you  need  have  no  hesitation  in 
recommending  her  to  any  of  your  friends  who  may  need  a  teacher. 

Her  gentleness  with  children  makes  her  especially  adapted  to 
their  tuition. 


38  LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

Trusting  that  it  may  be  in  your  power  to  assist  her,  I  commend 

her  to  your  friendship. 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  sincere  friend, 

L.  T.  Wilson. 
Mrs.  J.  Hixii. 


Introducing  a  Gentleman  Seeking  a  Clerkship. 

Wilmington,  Jan.  17th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Carleton, — Knowing  your  extensive  connection 
and  influence  with  the  business  community  of  your  city,  I  take  the 
liberty  of  an  old  friend,  and  ask  your  kind  favor  for  the  bearer,  Mr. 
John  Wilkes.  He  has  been  in  my  own  counting  house  for  several 
years,  and  nothing  but  the  necessity  of  reducing  the  number  of  my 
clerks  would  induce  me  to  part  with  him.  For  any  required  refer- 
ence, you  will  use  my  name. 

Feeling  assured  that  your  kindness  will  favor  my  request, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  friend  and  well  wisher, 

Martin  Holmbs. 
Lewis  Cableton,  Esq. 


Introducing  a  Wounded  Officer  to  a  Gentleman  Friend. 

Alexandria,  Va.,  June  14th,  18 — . 
Dear  Charlie, — My  friend  and  comrade,  Lieut.  Hastings,  has 
determined  to  spend  a  brief  leave  of  absence  in  your  city,  having  a 
desire  to  visit  the  Academy,  and  other  points  of  interest.  A  severe 
wound,  not  entirely  healed,  makes  it  necessary  for  him  to  take  but 
little  exercise,  so  I  have  ventured  to  boast  of  that  famous  horse  and 
buggy  of  which  you  wrote  me  you  were  the  fortunate  possessor. 
To  your  tender  mercies,  therefore,  I  commit  the  disabled  hero,  and 
expect  glowing  accounts  of  your  hospitality  and  skill  as  a  guide. 

Longing  to  see  you,  and  envying  this  letter  its  journey  and  desti' 
tination, 

I  am,  my  dear  fellow, 

Yours  in  friendship, 

Will. 
Charles  Hepburn,  Esq. 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION.  \ 

Introducing  a  Soldier  to  a  Lady  Friend, 

Point  Lookout,  Aug.  5th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Tatem, — The  bearer  of  this,  James  Wilcox,  has 
been  in  my  company  for  three  years,  but  being  disabled  from 
further  service  by  severe  wounds,  is  now  on  his  way  home  to  recruit 
and  find  employment.  He  is  very  desirous  of  visiting  the  points  of 
interest  in  your  city,  as  he  is  obliged  to  pass  through  now,  and  may 
not  have  another  opportunity  soon.  Knowing  your  patriotism  and 
desire  to  compensate  by  every  kindness  the  brave  boys  who  have 
suffered  for  us,  I  ask  your  attentions  for  my  friend.  Believe  me 
that  any  courtesy  you  may  extend  to  him,  will  be  regarded  as  a 
personal  favor,  by 

Your  friend  and  servant, 

J.  L.  Wayne. 
Mrs.  T.  C.  Tatem. 


Introducing  a  Lady  about  to  change  her  Residence  to  a  Friend- 

Farmington,  Feb.  20th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Lizzie, — In  losing  my  friend  and  neighbor,  Mrs.  Day- 
ton, who  is  about  to  remove  to  your  city,  it  gives  me  some  com- 
fort to  think  that  my  loss  is  to  be  your  gain.  I  feel  sure  that  if 
anything  can  compensate  my  friend  for  the  loss  of  home,  friends 
and  faces,  it  will  be  the  formation  of  another  social  circle  such  as 
you  introduced  to  me  in  my  last  visit  to  you. 

Will  you  then,  to  this  homesick  little  lady  (as  she  promises  to 
be)  extend  your  cordial  smiles  and  greeting,  for  the  love  of 
Your  old  friend  and  schoolmate, 

Mary  Curtis. 
Mrs.  Geo.  Hates. 


Introducing  a  Sister  to  a  Schoolmate- 

Chester,  Feb.  17th,  18—. 
Dear  Hannah, — My  sister  Julia,  of  whom  you  have  heard  me 
speak  so  often,  is  about  to  visit  your  city,  and  is  very  desirous  of 
seeing  the  Pythias  of  my  Damon.  Words  of  ceremony  are  entirely 
useless  in  introducing  you  to  her,  for  already  you  must  feel  ac- 
quainted through  the  medium  of  my  chattering  tongue.    I  there- 


40  LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

fore  solemnly  bid  you  both  to  love  each  other  as  dearly  as  I  lov© 

you  both. 

Most  lovingly  yours, 

Scbib. 
Miss  Hank  ah  Colton. 


Introducing  a  Schoolmate  to  a  Married  Brother- 

Leesburg,  Sept.  4th,  18 — . 

Dear  Bob, — Open  your  doors  and  heart,  and  welcome  my  chum, 
Joseph  Wheeler,  who,  you  assured  me  in  your  last,  would  meet 
a  cordial  welcome  on  his  arrival.  He  will  only  make  you  a 
brief  visit,  and  then  return  to  the  protecting  arms  of  Alma  Mater. 
He  is  seeking  health,  so  you  are  not  to  drag  him  up  any  of  those 
awful  hills  to  which  you  introduced  me  last  year.  Tell  my  sister 
that  I  have  described  her  soups  in  such  glowing  terms  that  the  re- 
cital left  me  savagely  hungry. 

Depending  upon  your  brotherly  love  for  my  friend's  reception, 
I  am 

Ever  your  affectionate  brother, 

John. 

Eobebt  Sherman,  Esq. 


Introducing  a  Young  Married  Couple  travelling,  to  a  Friend. 

Chelton  Hill,  Oct  3d,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Fisher, — My  dear  friends,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shelton, 
purpose  visiting  your  city  in  the  course  of  their  wedding  tour  It 
gives  me  great  pleasure  to  make  you  acquainted  with  friends  whom 
I  value  so  highly,  and  to  secure  for  them  a  friendly  greeting  in  a 
city  they  have  never  before  visited. 

Any  attention  it  may  be  in  your  power  to  extend  to  them,  will 
be  gratefully  acknowledged  by 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Helen  Graham. 
J£rs.  James  Fisher. 


Introducing  a  Clerk  to  an  old  Fellow  Clerk- 

Philadelphia,  Dec.  22d,  18 — . 
Dear  Fred, — My  friend,  William  Toliver,  is  anxious  to  know 
the  former  occupant  of  his  position  at  my  elbow,  facing  Hill  &  Co  % 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION,  41 

books,  and  as  he  is  to  pass  the  holidays  in  your  city,  I  take  pleas- 
ure in  introducing  him  to  you.  I  quite  envy  you  the  long  talks  yom 
will  enjoy,  comparing  notes  of  your  experience,  and  expect  the 
gratitude  of  both  for  an  acquaintanceship  that  I  am  sure  will  prove 
mutually  agreeable. 

Ever  your  friend, 

Dear  Fred, 

R.  L.  King. 
Fbedebick  Bates,  Esq. 


Introducing  a  Lady  in  Search  of  a  Governess  to  a  Lady  Friend. 

North  Weymouth,  Jan  11th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Keyser, — Hearing  through  our  friend,  Mrs. 
Jones,  that  your  daughter's  marriage  would  enable  you  to  dispense 
with  the  services  of  her  excellent  governess,  I  hasten  to  introduce 
to  you  my  friend  Mrs.  Roper,  who  is  anxious,  if  possible,  to  secure 
her  for  her  two  little  girls.  Should  she  be  without  an  engagement, 
I  can  assure  her  that  a  pleasant  home  and  congenial  society  will 
await  her  at  Mrs.  Roper's. 

With  kind  regards  to  your  family,  I  am 

Ever  your  friend, 

Janb  Hall 

Mrs.  E.  C.  Keyseb. 


Introducing  an  Officer  to  a  Brother  Officer. 

Camp  William  Penn,  Philadelphia,  May  2d.   18 — . 

Dear  Lieutenant, — My  friend  and  comrade,  Lieut.  Krider.  be- 
ing anxious  to  view  the  fortifications  round  your  home,  I  commend 
him  to  your  brotherly  care,  prophesying  a  most  agreeable  visit  for 
both  of  you.  As  he  is  an  entire  stranger  in  your  locality,  will  you 
kindly  conduct  him  to  a  comfortable  hotel,  my  own  experience 
having  taught  me  that  there  is  a  decided  choice. 

Any  attention  you  may  extend  to  him,  will  be  highly  appreciated 

by 

Your  friend  and  old  comrade, 

J.  L.  Stokes. 
Lieut.  P.  Rogebs.  ^ 


42  LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

Introducing  a  Soldier  to  the  Writer's  Mother. 

Newbern,  March  18th,  18 — . 
Dear  Mother, — The  warm  desire  you  have  expressed  in  your  late 
letters  to  become  acquainted  with  my  tent-mate,  John  Campbell, 
makes  this  opportunity  to  present  him  to  you  most  acceptable  to 
me.  I  have  assured  him  that  your  house  and  heart  are  open  to  one 
so  dear  to  your  absent  son,  and  I  leave  it  to  you  to  confirm  my 
statement. 

With  warmest  love  for  all  at  home, 

I  am,  as  ever 

Your  loving  son, 

Harry. 

Mrs.  Harrison  Gtlmore. 


Introducing  a  Brother  Officer  to  the  Writer's  Wife. 

Charleston,  June  30th,  18 — . 

Dear  Charlotte, — My  friend  and  comrade,  Capt.  Seymour,  being 

about  to  leave  us  for  a  short  visit  home,  has  kindly  consented  to 

take  in  Baltimore  in  his  trip,  and  give  you  personal  assurances  of 

our  comfort  and  welfare.     You  will  need  no  further  introduction,  I 

know,  than  my  assertion  that  the  bearer  is  my  dear  friend,  and,  in 

your  absence,  my  greatest  comforter. 

Kiss  the  babies  all  round  for  me, 

Believe  me  ever 

Your  loving  husband, 

G.  C.  Wilkins. 
Mrs.  G.  C.  Welkins. 


Introducing  a  Young  Farmer  Seeking  City  Employment 
Mansfield,  Wash.  Co.,  Iowa, 

June  5th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Friend, — The  bearer,  Mr.  James  Potts,  having  been 
my  friend  and  neighbor  for  five  years,  and  knowing  that  I  am  an 
old  resident  in  your  city,  has  applied  to  me  for  letters  that  will  en- 
able him  to  form  acquaintance  with  some  of  the  citizens.  It  gives 
me  pleasure  to  introduce  him  to  you,  and  to  solicit  your  influence  in 
his  endeavor  to  obtain  employment.  If  he  but  carries  into  business 
the  same  honorable  enterprise,  energy  and  steadiness  that  have  char* 

/ 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION.  43 

acterized  his  life  here,  rest  assured  you  will  never  regret  having  such 
a  friend. 

With  kind  regards  to  your  family,  I  am 

Yours  truly, 

John  Jones. 
Ezba  Bolton,  Esq. 


Introducing  an  Officer  Seeking  a  Position  to  a  Member  of  Congress. 

Philadelphia,  May  6th,  18 — . 
Hon.  Charles  Graham  : 

Respected  Sir, — The  bearer,  Capt.  Lewis  Churchman,  having 
been  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service,  in  which  he  has  served 
faithfully  and  honorably  for  five  years,  is  desirous  of  obtaining  an 
appointment  in  the  regular  army.  Any  advice  or  asistance  that  you 
may  be  able  to  extend  to  him  will  be  gratefully  acknowledged  by 
Your  obedient  servant, 

William  Karman, 
Col.  comm'g  —  Reg't  Inft'y  U.  S.  A. 


Introducing  the  same  Officer  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Washington,  March  10th,  18 — . 
Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton,  Secretary  of  War, 

Washington,  D.  C. : 
Sir, — Allow  me  to  solicit  your  favorable  consideration  of  the  claims 
of  the  bearer,  Capt.  L.  Churchman,  who  is  desirous  of  obtaining  an 
appointment  in  the  regular  army.  His  letter  of  introduction  from  his 
Colonel  satisfies  me  that  his  military  record  will  justify  my  interest 
in  his  solicitation.  Your  kindness  in  his  behalf  will  place  me  under 
heavy  personal  obligation. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  Sir, 
Very  Respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Chas.  Graham,  M.  C. 


Introducing  a  Young  Married  Lady  to  a  Friend  in  her  new  Home. 
Charlestown,  Mass.,  Dec.  4th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Eliza, — In  introducing  to  you  the  bearer,  Mrs.  Lewis* 


44  LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

ton,  I  am  happy  to  know  that  I  shall  be  the  means  of  securing  for 

her  a  pleasant  friend  in  her  new  home.     She  has  but  recently  left 

her  circle  of  girlhood's  friends,  and  her  husband  having  decided  to 

reside  in  your  city,  she  will  be  thus  thrown  almost  entirely  among 

strangers.     Any  attention  it  may  be  in  your  power  to  extend  to  be* 

will  be  deeply  appreciated  by  me. 

With  much  love  to  your  family, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Kate. 
Mrs.  E.  C.  Hastings. 


Introducing  a  Daughter  about  to  make  a  Visit. 

Chelsea,  Mass.,  Nov.  27th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Leighton, — In  compliance  with  your  kind  and 

cordial  invitation  I  send  the  bearer,  my  daughter  Susie,  to  spend  a 

few  weeks  in  your  delightful  country  home,  trusting  that  her  visit 

may  be  as  happy  for  you  and  for  her  as  mine  was  last  winter.     With 

a  most  cordial  echo  of  your  loving  wish  that  our  children  may  be  as 

warm  friends  as  their  mothers  have  always  been, 

I  am,  with  warmest  good  wishes, 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Jane  E.  Hawes. 
Mrs.  R.  Leighion. 

Introducing  a  Governess. 

Oak  Hill,  Fairfax  Co.,  Va., 

May  13th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Williams, — It  gives  me  much  pleasure  to  intro- 
duce to  yourself  and  family  Miss  Mary  Wyman,  who  has  been  for 
the  last  two  years  a  resident  in  my  family,  and  the  instructress  of 
my  three  little  girls.  Having  become  warmly  attached  to  Miss 
Wyman,  it  consoles  me  for  her  loss  to  know  that  she  will  be  with  a 
friend  I  value  so  highly  as  yourself,  feeling  confident  that  you  will 
find  mutual  pleasure  in  a  closer  acquaintance. 

With  kind  regards  to  Mr.  Williams  and  your  daughter, 
I  am,  my  dear  friend, 

Your's  sincerely, 

L.  T.  Davis. 
Mrs.  J.  Williams. 


LETTERS  OF  INTRODUCTION.  45 

Introducing  a  Husband  to  an  Old  Schoolmate. 

Chicago,  June  23d,  18 — . 
Dear  Lucy, — Will  you  extend  to  the  bearer  the  friendship  you 
promised  him  when  I  wrote  you  how  dear  he  had  become  to  me. 
1  am  quite  convinced  that  you  will  forgive  me  for  forsaking  the 
maiden  sisterhood  when  you  see  my  apology.  Allow  me  then, 
formally  to  introduce  to  your  favorable  consideration  my  husband, 
Frank  Lester,  who  will  probable  remain  for  a  week  in  your  city. 
Greeting  him  for  my  sake,  I  trust  you  will  soon  be  friends  for  his 
own. 

With  warm  love,  I  am,  dear,  Lucy, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Mag.  Lesteb. 
Miss  LtJtrsr  Hano.  

Introducing  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Friend- 

Louisville,  May  5th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Miss  Conway, — My  friend,  Mr.  John  C.  Kline,  purpos- 
ing to  make  his  home  in  your  city,  I  venture  upon  the  kind  hospitality 
you  have  always  extended  to  me.  to  introduce  him  to  yourself  and 
family.  Trusting  that  the  acquaintance  will  be  as  pleasant  as  mine 
has  been  with  both  yourself  and  him, 

I  am,  very  respectfully, 

Your  friend  and  well  wisher, 

Fred.  E.  Conklik. 
Miss  Helena  Conway.  

Introducing  a  Literary  Lady  to  a  Publisher- 

Darby,  Washington  Co.,  Ohio, 

March  30th,  18—. 
Marcus  L.  White,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — The  bearer,  Mrs.  0.  C.  Faulkner,  is  a  highly  valued 
friend  of  mine,  and  one  who  will,  I  think,  before  long,  make 
herself  a  name  in  the  literary  world.  She  is  visiting  New  York, 
hoping  to  introduce  her  first  book  to  the  public,  and  I  take  the 
privilege  of  old  freindship  in  requesting  your  consideration  of  her 
claims. 

Hoping  that  you  will  be  able  to  come  to  an  understanding  of  mu- 
tual pleasure  and  benefit, 

I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Truly  your  friend, 

Joseph  Gray. 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS, 


LETTEES  GN  BUSINESS. 


Letters  on  Business  should  be  clearly  expressed,  and  as  brief  as 
is  consistent  with  a  perfect  understanding  of  their  subject.  They 
should  carefully  exclude  all  personal  matters,  as  the  time  of  a  busi- 
man  is  valuable,  and  in  his  counting-house  he  has  none  to  spare  for 
unnecessary  letter  reading. 

Legibility  is  of  great  importance  in  a  business  letter,  and  a  good 
clear  style  is  most  desirable.  Avoid  all  flourishes  in  either  penman- 
ship or  language.  The  most  important  point  in  a  business  letter 
is  a  perfect  clearness  of  expression,  that  the  most  stupid  of  clerks 
may  be  able  to  fulfill  your  request  without  fear  of  an  error.  It  is 
safest  to  carefully  read  over  every  paragraph  in  such  a  letter,  to  be 
certain  that  no  one  can  mistake  its  true  sense. 

Whether  you  are  writing  of  your  own  business  or  that  of  another, 
follow  the  rules  of  brevity  and  distinctness.  Come  at  once  to  the 
subject  of  your  communication,  and  be  very  careful  that  no  half- 
direction  will  oblige  the  reader  to  guess  what  you  want.  Have  clear 
and  perfect  ideas  of  your  wishes  in  your  mind,  and  then  transmit 
them  to  paper.  There  is  no  greater  annoyance  to  a  business  man 
than  to  be  obliged  to  decipher  an  ill-written,  imperfectly-expressed, 
and  obscure  letter  upon  important  business. 

Promptness  is  another  important  requisite.  Let  your  own  orders 
allow  of  ample  time  for  filling  whenever  it  is  possible,  and  always 
endeavor  to  answer  business  letters  by  return  of  post.  It  will 
stamp  your  character  as  a  business  man  more  firmly  to  be  a  prompt 
correspondent,  than  any  one  branch  of  your  profession  or  trade. 


Ordering  a  Supply  of  Goods  for  a  Country  Store- 

Mill  Village,  Jefferson  Co.,  III., 

March  28th,  18—. 
Messrs.  Hill  &  Evans,  New  York : 

Gentlemen, — Having  just  opened  a  large  store  in  this  village, 

with  every  prospect  of  success,  I  should  be  happy  to  deal  with  youf 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  47 

firm  for  the  dry  goods  required.    I  desire  to  refer  you  to  Mr.  James 

Wilson,  240 st.,  with  whom  I  have  long  been  acquainted,  and 

who  will  answer  any  questions  with  regard  to  my  business  capacity 
and  standing. 

As  this  however  is  our  first  transaction,  I  shall  be  prepared  to 
pay  the  Express  Company  upon  delivery  of  the  goods,  if  you  will 
send  me  your  account,  with  the  usual  discount  for  cash,  by  a  pre- 
vious mail. 

Enclosed  please  find  the  order,  which  I  should  wish  filled  as  early 
as  possible. 

I  am,  gentlemen, 

Very  respectfully, 

J.  L.  Treherne. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing- 

New  York,  April  1st,  18 — » 
J.  L.  Treherne,  Esq.  : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  favor  of  the  28th  inst.  received.  It  gives  us 
much  pleasure  to  open  an  account  with  you,  Mr.  Wilson  having 
spoken  in  warm  terms  of  your  capacity. 

We  have  this  day  forwarded  to  your  address  the  goods  according 
to  your  invoice,  but  being  desirous  of  obtaining  your  approval  of 
their  quality  and  value,  will  await  your  examination  for  the  enclosed 
bill,  which  is  subject  to  5  per  cent,  discount  for  prompt  cash. 
A  post-office  money  order,  or  draft  on  one  of  our  city  banks,  will 
suit  our  convenience  as  well  as  the  collection  by  Adams'  Express. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  whenever  you  desire  goods  in  our  line, 
We  are,  my  dear  sir, 

Yours  respectfully, 

Hill  &  Evans. 


Letter  Ordering  Dry  Goods  from  a  Firm  just  starting  Business- 

Westhaven.  Schuler  Co.  Va., 

May  15th,  18—. 
Messrs.  Wright  &  Philips,  Philadelphia : 

Gentlemen, — Having  heard  through  Mr.  Mansfield,  your  warm 
friend,  and  a  gentleman  with  whom  we  have  had  large  dealings,  of 
your  enterprise,  and  being  desirous  of  affording  you  every  encour* 


48  LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS, 

agement  m  our  power,  we  forward  an  invoice  for  $ —  worth  of  dry 
goods,  for  the  payment  of  which  we  will  transmit  our  note  at 
thirty  days.  Should  the  quality  and  prices  of  your  goods  equal 
those  we  have  been  in  the  habit  of  purchasing,  you  may  rely  upon 
our  future  orders,  as  our  own  business  demands. 
Wishing  you  every  success, 

We  are,  gentlemen,  yours  truly, 

Jones  &  Hart. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Philadelphia,  May  20th,  18 — . 
Messrs.  Jones  &  Hart  : 

Gentlemen, — Your  favor  of  the  15th  inst.  received.  We  have 
this  day  forwarded  to  your  address  the  goods  according  to  your 
order,  and  trust  that  they  will  reach  you  safely,  in  good  condition, 
and  prove  satisfactory. 

We  feel  confident  that  we  can  fill  your  orders  as  promptly,  reasona- 
bly, and  satisfactorily  as  any  firm  in  the  city,  and  hope  to  hear  from 
you  again. 

Thanking  you  most  sincerely  for  your  kindly  expressed  good  will, 
We  are,  gentlemen, 

Very  respectfully, 

Wright  &  Philips. 


Letter  of  Complaint  for  Imperfect  Goods. 

Savannah,  Aug.  24th,  18 — . 
Peter  S.  Markham,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — For  the  first  time  in  a  long  business  connection 
with  your  house,  I  am  obliged  to  complain  of  the  quality  of  the 
goods  forwarded  to  me  by  the  last  steamer.  They  were  so  imper- 
fectly packed  that  much  of  the  crockery  was  broken  by  jolting 
together,  while  the  finer  lines  of  glass  and  china  are  very  inferior  tc 
the  last  sent  at  the  same  price.  I  am  reluctant  to  offer  the  goods 
to  my  customers,  and  unless  my  order  can  be  filled  more  efficiently, 
I  shall  be  compelled  to  send  it  to  another  house. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  very  truly  your's, 

David  Fioy». 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  49 

Answer  to  the  Forgoing. 

New  York,  Sept.  1st,  18—. 
David  Floyd,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — I  regret  extremely  that  you  were  obliged  to  com* 
plain  of  the  quality  and  imperfect  packing  of  your  goods,  but  hope 
that  the  order  that  I  have  dispatched  by  to-day's  steamer  will  prove 
satisfactory. 

A  dangerous  attack  of  illness,  which  confined  me  to  my  room  for 
three  weeks,  compelled  me  to  trust  everything  to  my  clerks  during 
an  unusually  busy  season. 

Your  complaint,  I  regret  to  say,  is  not  the  only  one  I  find  upon 
my  desk  on  my  return  to  business. 

If  you  will  return  to  me  the  goods  sent  by  my  clerk,  and  deduct 
from  our  account  the  expenses  of  porterage,  etc.,  I  will  feel  obliged. 
Trusting  that  one  mistake  will  not  cost  me  your  patronage, 
I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Very  truly  your's, 
P.  S.  Markham. 

Letter  Offering  a  Book  to  a  Publisher. 

Greexsburg,  Pa.,  May  7th,  18 — . 
William  T.  Hartley,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Having  just  completed  a  novel  of  the  times,  and 
being  desirous  of  having  it  presented  to  the  public  at  as  early  a 
date  as  practicable,  I  write  to  inquire  if  you  are  willing  to  under- 
take the  publication,  and  to  ascertain  upon  what  terms  you  will 
bring  it  out.  My  nom  de  plume  (May  Miller)  is  perhaps  not  unknown 
to  you,  as  this  is  my  third  novel,  and  I  have  contributed  under  the 
same  name  to  many  of  the  leading  periodicals. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  sir, 

Your's  truly, 

(Mrs.)  J.  E.  Holman. 

Answer  Declining  the  same. 

New  York  May  10th,  18—. 
Mrs.  J.  E.  Holman  : 

Dear  Madam, — I  regret  that  my  arrangements  for  publication 
this  year,  will  make  it  utterly  impossible  for  me  to  accept  any  ottver 


50  LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS. 

manuscripts  than  those  I  have  already  on  hand.  I  should,  otherwise, 
be  pleased  to  bring  out  a  novel  by  a  writer  of  your  well-known 
ability. 

Very  respectfully, 

W.  T.  Hartley. 


Answer  asking  the  Book  for  Examination. 

'  New  York,  May  10th,  18— . 

Mrs.  J.  E.  Holman  : 

Dear  Madam, — Your  favor  of  the  7th  inst.  received.  It  will 
give  me  much  pleasure  to  examine  your  manuscript,  if  you  will 
forward  it  to  me.  After  reading  it,  I  will  write  you  again,  and  if  it 
will  suit  my  publication,  state  the  terms  upon  which  I  can  bring  it 
out. 

With  the  assurance  of  my  highest  consideration 
I  am,  my  dear  madam, 

Very  respectfully, 
^  W.  T.  Hartley. 

Requesting  Information  with  Regard  to  a  Proposed  Site  for  a  Store. 

Cincinnati,  Feb.  15th,  18 — . 
Walter  L.  Fish,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Being  desirous  of  establishing  my  son  in  a  branch  store 
to  carry  on  the  same  business  in  retail  that  I  now  do  in  wholesale, 
I  am  looking  out  for  a  favorable  position  to  establish  a  new  store. 
I  have  heard  there  is  no  good  grocery  store  near  you,  and  that  a 
lot  in  a  desirable  position  is  now  vacant  in  your  village,  and  offered 
for  sale  upon  reasonable  terms.  I  take  the  privilege  of  a  friend  in 
asking  if  you  can  give  me  any  information  in  regard  to  such  a  lot, 
and  also  would  like  to  know  your  opinion  of  the  expediency  of 
establishing  a  first-class  grocery  store  upon  it. 

Your's  very  truly, 

John  Cutts. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Rome,  Adams  Co.,  Ind., 
Feb.  18th,  18—. 
Dear  Sir, — I  have  made  the  desired  inquiry  with  regard  to  the 
vacant  lot  on  Main  st.  and  find  the  owner  will  dispose  of  it  upon  easy 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  51 

terms  to  a  cash  customer.  As  there  is  no  first-class  grocery  store 
in  the  village,  and  the  very  second-rate  one  is  some  distance  from 
the  centre  of  the  place,  I  think  your  son  has  every  prospect  of  suc- 
cess if  he  establishes  himself  here. 

Any  further  information  it  may  be  in  my  power  to  give  you,  is 
most  heartily  at  your  service. 

W.  L.  Fisher. 
John  Cutts,  Esq.  

Proposition  to  Sell  Goods  on  Commission. 

Hopevale,  Berks  Co.,  Penna., 

May  3d,  18—. 
Messrs.  Lewis  &  Camp: 

Gentlemen, — As  you  are  aware  from  my  former  orders  upon 
your  firm,  I  have  been  doing  a  good  business  in  this  place  for  several 
years,  but  seeing  now  a  favorable  opening  for  a  large  increase  of 
sales,  I  am  anxious  to  obtain  a  supply  of  goods  to  sell  upon  com- 
mission, as  my  means  will  not  warrant  me  in  the  necessary  outlay. 
I  think  my  long  standing  connection  with  your  firm  will  be  sufficient 
guarantee  that  I  would  not  send  for  goods  on  these  terms,  were  I 
not  quite  sure  of  their  disposal,  but  if  required  I  will  give  you  full 
security  against  any  loss. 

If  you  are  disposed  to  send  the  required  goods,  will  you  fill  the 
following  order,  and  let  me  know  your  most  favorable  terms. 
Respectfully,  gentlemen, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Reynold  Kelly, 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Philadelphia,  May  5th,  18 — . 
Reynold  Kelly,   Esq.  : 

Dear  Sir, — We  have  sent  to-day,  per  Adams'  Express,  the  goods 
ordered  in  your  letter  of  the  3d,  which  we  place  at  your  disposal, 
subject  to  a  commission  of  ten  per  cent.  The  bill  of  sale  accompa- 
nies each  package. 

Your  own  position,  and  our  long  experience  of  your  integrity, 
punctuality  and  business  capacity,  make  us  willing  to  trust  the 
goods  in  your  care  without  further  security  than  your  own  receipt 
therefor. 

Very  truly  your's, 

Lewis  &  Camp. 


52  LETTmtiS  ON  B  USINESS. 

Proposing  to  open  a  Business  Account- 

Stuebenville,  Ohio,  May  10th,  18 — . 
Messrs.  Wolfe  &  Rat,  New  York : 

Gentlemen, — Having  established  a  business  here  which  is  rapidly 
increasing,  we  are  desireus  of  opening  an  account  with  your  house. 
We  should  be  happy  to  receive  from  you  a  list  of  your  goods, 
With  your  terms  to  the  trade,  and  enclose  our  own  terms  for  settle- 
ment 

Should  you  feel  willing  to  make  an  arrangement  with  us,  Mr. 
John  Lee  of  your  city,  No.  374 st.,  will  give  you  any  informa- 
tion desired  with  regard  to  the  condition  of  our  affairs. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon,  we  are, 

Respectfully, 

Mansfield  &  Cray. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

New  York,  May  25th,  18—. 
Messrs.  Mansfield  &  Cray: 

Gentlemen, — Your  favor  of  the  18th  received.    We  should  be 

pleased  to  open  an  account  with  you  upon  your  usual  terms  of 

settlement,  and  enclose  you  the  desired  list  with  terms  for  the  trade. 

Any  order  with  which  you  may  favor  us  will  be  promptly  filled, 

and,  we  feel  quite  confident,  satisfactorily. 

We  are,  gentlemen, 

Very  truly  your's, 

Wolfe  &  Ray. 

Apologizing  for  Delay  in  the  Payment  of  an  Account. 

Toledo,  Jan.  13th,  18—. 
Dear  Sir, — I  regret  extremely  that  it  is  out  of  my  power  to 
settle  my  account  with  you  as  usual,  on  the  first  of  the  year.  A 
general  depression  of  business  in  this  vicinity  has  made  it  very 
difficult  for  me  to  collect  the  sums  due  to  me  by  my  customers,  and 
consequently  embarassed  me.  I  think,  however,  that  I  can  safely 
promise  you  half,  if  not  the  whole  sum,  by  the  first  of  next  month, 
if  you  will  allow  me  that  time  to  endeavor  to  press  my  own  claims 
Your's  very  respectfully, 

Samuel  Judsoj*. 
P.  T.  White,  Esq. 


LETTERS  ON"  BUSINESS.  53 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Cincinnati,  Jan.  18th,  18.—. 
Samuel  Judson,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sib, — Your  favor  of  the  18th  received.  I  shall  not  b* 
inconvenienced  by  waiting  for  the  amount  of  your  bill  until  th& 
first  of  next  month,  and  should  be  sorry  to  appear  importunate  to 
so  old  a  customer  as  yourself,  and  one  who  has  been  so  invariably 
punctual  in  meeting  his  obligations. 

Hoping  that  business  will  soon  revive  in  your  vicinity, 
I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Your's  truly, 

P.  T.  Whitb. 


Requesting  the  Terms  for  Buying  a  Country  Seat 

Pottsville,  April  8th,  18 — ■. 
Dr.  Leon  R.  Colton  : 

Dear  Sir, — Understanding  that  you  are  about  to  dispose  of  your 
country  seat,  and  being  myself  desirous  of  purchasing  one,  I  write 
to  inquire  upon  what  terms  you  are  willing  to  part  with  it.  If  you 
can  give  me  a  description  of  the  house,  number  of  acres  of  land, 
with  its  exact  location,  I  should  be  pleased ;  or,  if  perfectly  con- 
venient to  yourself  and  family,  I  will  drive  over  at  any  time  you 
will  appoint,  and  see  the  place. 

Very  trulv-  yours, 

R.  Lockhaven. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Rose  Hill,  April  10th,  18 — . 
R.  Lockhaven,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  favor  of  the  8th  received.  I  should  be  very 
happy  to  show  you  my  place  any  afternoon  that  it  may  suit  you  to 
drive  over.  Having  built  the  house  for  my  own  residence,  I  think 
you  will  find  it  comfortable  and  convenient  in  every  respect ;  the 
grounds  cover  fifteen  acres,  all  under  cultivation,  and  the  railway 
station  on  the  Pottsville  road  is  within  five  minutes'  walk  of  my 
door.    My.  terms  of  sale  would  be  ten  thousand  dollars  (§10,000  X 


54  LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS. 

cash,  or  fourteen  thousand  dollars  ($14,000),  subject  to  seven  thou, 
sand  dollars  ($7,000)  mortgage. 
Hoping  to  see  you  soon, 

I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Very  truly  your's, 

L.  R.  Colton. 


Letter  Complaining  of  an  Error  in  a  Bill.  B 

Jackson,  Munroe  Co.,  III., 

May,  25th,  18—. 
Messrs.  Gordon  &  Warren  : 

Gentlemen, — Upon  examination  of  the  bill  accompanying  your 
last  lot  of  goods,  I  find  that  I  am  charged  with  one  hundred  yards 
of  ingrain  carpeting,  which  I  neither  ordered  nor  received.  I 
enclose  the  bill  and  copy  of  the  invoice  of  goods,  that  the  error  may 
be  rectified. 

I  am,  gentlemen, 

Very  respectfully, 

Michael  S.  Tobr. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Pittsburg,  May  30th,  18 — . 
Michael  S.  Torr,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — We  regret  that  you  should  have  been  put  to  any 
trouble  by  the  carelessness  of  a  clerk,  who  having  proved  incom- 
petent in  many  respects,  has  left  our  service.  We  enclose  the 
correct  bill  of  the  goods  forwarded  to  you,  and  beg  to  apologize 
for  the  error. 

Very  respectfully, 

Gordon  &  Warren. 


Introducing  a  Successor  in  Business. 

San  Francisco,  May  22d,  18 — . 
Messrs.  Hart  &  Evans  : 

Gentlemen, — The  bearer,  Mr.  John  Hartweh\  has  been  for  six- 
teen years  in  our  counting  house,  and  last  fall  was  admitted  as 
junior  partner  in  the  firm.    Having  purposed  for  two  years  past  to 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  65 

retire  from  business,  and  being  desirous  of  having  the  large  estab- 
lishment turned  over  to  trustworthy  and  reliable  hands,  we  have 
carefully  watched  Mr.  Hartwell  in  his  various  business  transactions, 
and  feel  perfectly  satisfied  that  he  will  conduct  the  business  formerly 
transacted  by  the  firm  upon  the  same  principles  that  has  enlarged 
and  increased  it  so  materially  since  established. 

Mr.  Hartwell  is  visiting  your  city  for  the  purpose  of  making  the 
usual  yearly  arrangements,  and  also  to  become  personally  acquainted 
with  the  gentlemen  so  long  connected  with  the  house,  and  who  will, 
we  trust,  extend  to  him  the  same  favors  and  courtesies  for  which  we 
acknowledge  our  indebtedness. 

We  are,  gentlemen, 

Very  truly  your's, 
Wells  &  Co. 

Requesting  the  Settlement  of  an  Account 

Wheeling,  Dec.  28th,  18—. 
John  Jackson,  Jr.    Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — We  have  delayed  urging  the  payment  of  our  semi- 
yearly  account,  hoping  that  you  would  remember  your  own  arrange- 
ments with  regard  to  punctual  payments,  but,  in  order  to  meet  our 
own  engagements  next  week,  we  are  obliged  to  remind  you  that 
your  July  account  still  remains  unsettled. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  immediately, 
We  remain 

Your's  respectfully, 

Jones  &  Cabb. 

Requesting  Delay  in  the  Payment  of  Rent. 

Philadelphia,  July  3d,  18 — . 
T.  C.  Johnson,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — For  the  first  time  since  I  have  been  your  tenant,  now 
nearly  eight  years,  I  am  compelled  to  ask  your  indulgence  for  delay 
in  meeting  my  quarterly  payment  of  rent.  You  may  perhaps  have 
heard  of  the  heavy  loss  I  sustained  by  robbery,  on  the  night  of  the 
27th  inst.,  when,  with  other  valuables,  I  lost  seven  thousand  dollars 
($7,000)  in  money,  paid  me  too  late  on  Saturday  afternoon  to  be 
deposited  in  bank  before  Monday. 

Although  I  trust  before  /_ong  to  be  able  entirely  to  retrieve  mf 


56  LETTERS  Ofr  BUSINESS 

loss,  it  cripples  my  resources  at  present,  and  compels  me  to  request 
the  indulgence  of  those  to  whom  I  am  indebted. 
I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Your's  respectfully, 

William  Bates, 


Urging  the  Payment  of  Rent. 

Madison,  June  10th,  18 — . 
Mrs.  E.  C.  Watts: 

Dear  Madam,. — Owing  to  my  reluctance  to  annoy  a  lady,  I  have 
waited  patiently  for  your  convenience  in  the  payment  of  the  rent  of 
the  house  you  are  at  present  occupying.  As,  however,  you  have 
now  been  my  tenant  for  six  months  without  meeting  any  of  the 
payments,  which  were  to  be  made  monthly,  I  feel  obliged  to  call 
your  attention  to  the  fact  that  there  is  now  one  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars  ($150)  due  to  me. 

If  the  amount  is  not  paid  within  ten  days,  I  shall  be  reluctantly 
compelled  to  call  upon  your  security,  Mr.  James  Bell. 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Henry  Mudge. 


Requesting  Circular  of  a  School. 

West  Chester,  Pa.,  May  3d,  18 — . 
Rev.  Monroe  Packhurst  : 

Respected  Sir, — Being  desirous  of  placing  my  son  in  a  semi- 
nary where  he  can  receivet  he  education  best  calculated  to  prove 
useful  in  his  future  career,  I  have,  upon  inquiry,  been  warmly  recom- 
mended to  place  him  in  your  charge.  He  is  now  thirteen  years  of 
age,  and  has  never  been  away  from  home,  although  he  has  been  for 
five  years  in  the  day  school  of  Mr.  Goodwin,  who  speaks  favorably 
of  his  progress. 

Will  you  have  the  kindness  to  send  to  my  address  (No.  40  Elm 
st.)  a  circular,  or  letter  stating  your  terms,  course  of  study,  rules, 
etc. 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

M.  C.   Beesley. 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  57 

Offering  to  Dispose  of  Furniture. 

Annapolis,  March  5th,  18 — . 
John  C.  Barker,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Learning  through  our  mutual  friend,  Mr.  Wilkins, 
that  you  are  about  to  commence  housekeeping  just  as  I  am  about  to 
abandon  it,  I  write  to  offer  you  my  household  furniture,  consisting 
of  parlor,  sitting-room,  dining-room,  five  bed-rooms,  kitchen  and 
pantry  furniture.  It  was  all  purchased  new  about  seventeen  months 
ago,  but  my  wife's  delicate  health  has  determined  me  to  board,  and 
relieve  her  of  household  cares. 

If  you  have  not  made  any  arrangements  to  purchase  elsewhere,  I 
think  we  could  come  to  an  understanding  that  would  save  you  the 
trouble  of  selection  from  different  stores,  and  free  me  from  the 
necessity  of  an  auction  sale. 

Your's  very  truly,  my  dear  sir, 

Lorenzo  Wilson. 


From  a  Lady  in  the  Country  Ordering  Goods. 

Cherry  Hill,  Somerset  Co.,  Pa., 
June  30th,  18—. 
Messrs.  Cowley  &  Reynolus,  Philadelphia : 

Gentlemen, — Will  you  have  the  kindness  to  send  me  per  Adams' 
Express  the  following  goods  : 

1  piece  (40  yards)  bleached  shirting  muslin,  yard  wide,  of  good 
quality. 

24  yards  domestic  gingham,  small  brown  and  white  check. 
24  yards        "  "  "      green  "  " 

1  dozen  tape-bordered  handkerchiefs,  about  25c.  quality. 
3  pairs  No.  6  3-4  kid  gloves,  light  colored. 

2  pieces  towelling — 1  dozen  towels  in  each  piece. 

If  you  will  be  kind  enough  to  send  also  some  patterns  of  good 
black  silk,  with  width  and  price,  I  shall  feel  obliged. 

The  goods  must  be  sent  to  Somerset,  the  nearest  railway  station, 
where  I  will  send  to  meet  them,  and  your  bill,  presented  to  Mr. 

John  Price,  245 st.,  who  is  my  lawyer,  will  be  paid  at  once. 

Direct  to 

Mrs.  William  Hope, 

Somerset  Station,  Somerset  Co.,  Pa. 
To  be  left  until  called  ior. 


58  LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS. 

From  a  Farmer  to  an  Intelligence  Officer,  Applying  for  Hands. 

Tremaine,  N.  H.,  May  2d,  18—. 

Iohn  Ray,  No.  270 st.,  Boston: 

Dear  Sir, — Seeing  by  your  advertisement  in  the  Tremaine  Ga* 
zette,  that  you  are  prepared  to  supply  hands  for  farm  labor,  J 
write  to  say  that  I  want  at  once  five  strong,  able-bodied  men,  who 
can  board  on  my  place,  and  to  whom  I  will  pay  one  dollar  per  day, 
for  the  usual  farm  labor.  I  should  require  to  know  their  references 
before  engaging  them. 

Let  me  hear  from  you  as  soon  as  possible,  as  the  difficulty  of 
procuring  hands  here  has  delayed  me  very  much  this  spring. 

Your's  respectfully, 

Ezra  Berlin. 


To  the  President  of  a  Eailroad,  Inquiring  for  Baggage. 

Dayton,  Penna.,  March  4th,  18 — . 
James  Smith,  Esq., 

President  of  the  Penna. & Railroad  : 

Dear  Sir, — I  left  Philadelphia  on  the  8  p.  m.  train  on  Wednesday 
last  (March  1st),  and  was  left  at  the  Dayton  Station  at  about  3  a.  m. 
on  the  morning  of  the  2d.  Most  of  the  passengers  in  the  car  which 
I  occupied  also  got  off  at  this  station,  as  there  was  a  deputation  from 
Philadelphia  to  attend  a  Convention  here  the  next  day.  On  calling 
the  numbers  for  the  baggage,  I  found  the  station  master  omitted 
my  check,  and  further  inquiry  proved  that  the  trunk  was  not  there. 
It  is  a  large  black  trunk,  marked  "  Hayes "  on  one  end,  and 
checked  No.  5,734.  • 

Will  you  have  the  kindness  to  inquire  for  it,  and  have  it  forwarded 
to 

John  S.  T.  Hayes, 

Dayton, Penna. 


Offering  a  Manuscript  to  an  Editor. 

New  Haven,  May  5th,  18 — . 
Frank  Leslie,  Esq.,  New  York : 

Dear  Sir, — Will  you  have  the  kindness  to  examine  the  accom- 
panying manuscript,  and  if   found  suitable  to  your  publication 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  59 

acquaint  me  with  your  usual  terms  to  contributors.     I  have  written 
but  little,  but  my  articles  have  generally  commanded  a  ready  sale. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am, 

Very  respectfully, 

QuiNTUS  QuiLLDRIVEB. 


From  a  Man  Proposing  to  Emigrate,  to  a  Recent  Settler. 

St.  Louis,  Nov.  5th,  18—. 
Mr.  John  Smith, 

Mason's  Hill,  James  Co.,  Nebraska : 
Dear  Sik, — Although  writing  over  a  signature  that  is  entirely 
unknown  to  you,  I  trust  that  the  name  of  our  mutual  friend,  Mr. 
William  Parsons,  will  prove  sufficient  introduction. 

Having  sold  out  my  business  in  this  city,  I  am  anxious  to  invest 
the  proceeds,  fifteen  thousand  dollars  ($15,000),  in  a  large  farm  in 
a  new  country,  and  lead  an  emigrant's  life  for  some  years.  I  am 
convinced  that  our  large  cities  will  not  offer  the  same  inducements 
to  a  strong,  energetic  man,  that  a  new  country  holds  out,  and  am 
determined  to  try  my  luck  on  a  farm  in  Nebraska. 

I  write  to  you,  hoping  you  will  be  able  to  give  me  some  idea  of 
the  climate,  soil,  water,  and  inducements  for  settling  in  your  part  of 
the  country,  and  trust  that  you  will  not  be  inconvenienced  by  my 
request. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Your's  truly, 

Martin  Marti*. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing: 

Mason's  Hill,  James  Co.,  Nebraska, 

Nov.  28th,  18—. 
Martin  Martin,  Esq.  : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  favor  of  the  5th  inst.  received.     The  prospect 

of  a  friend  of  Mr.  Parsons'  for  a  neighbor  makes  me  but  too  willing 

to  oner  you  any  information  or  aid  you  may  wish  to  further  your 

scheme. 

I  have  now  been  fifteen  months  at  Mason's  Hill,  and  I  assure*  you 


60  LETTERS  02T  BtTSWESS. 

the  inducements  would  have  to  be  very  tempting  to  make  me  leave 
here.  For  a  much  less  sum  than  you  wish  to  invest,  you  can  pur- 
chase as  many  acres  of  ground  as  you  may  wish  to  cultivate,  and 
our  little  settlement  is  growing  so  rapidly  that  your  land  will  soon 
be  worth  double  the  purchase  money.  There  will  be  no  difficulty 
in  obtaining  assistance  to  erect  your  log  hut,  and  until  that  is  fin- 
ished, I  shall  be  very  happy  to  give  you  a  shake  -down  in  mine. 

The  climate  here  is  healthy  and  invigorating,  the  soil  good,  a 
running  stream  is  within  easy  walking  distance  of  the  settlement, 
and  there  is  abundance  of  fuel  and  building  material  in  the  forests 
near  us.  The  nearest  stage  communication  is  thirty  miles  from 
here,  but  I  will  meet  you  with  a  horse  and  wagon  at  any  time  you 
may  appoint. 

Any  further  information  you  may  desire,  and  which  I  can  furnish, 
is  most  heartily  at  your  service. 

I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Your's  very  truly, 

John  Smith. 


Form  of  Order  to  a  Music  Dealer. 

Hartford,  June  7th,  18 — . 
Gentlemen, — Enclosed  please  find  six  dollars  ($6,00),  for  which 
please  send  me,  per  return  of  mail,  the  following  pieces  of  music ; 

Barber  of  Seville — Fantasia  Brtflant  (Leyback) $  1  00 

Polka  de  Concert  (J.  M.  Wehli) 1  00 

Polonaise — E  flat  Major  op.  22  (Chopin) 1  50 

Les  Sylphs  des  Bois  (Ascher) 1  00 

Un  Ballo  in  Maschero  Fantasia  (Levbach) 1  00 

Chant  de  Bivonac  (Ketterer) 50 

Please  address 

Miss  Helen  Graham 

Care  of  Dr.  P.  R.  Graham, 

No.  70—^  ^st.,  Hartford,  Conn. 
Messrs.  Oliveb  Ditson  &  Co., 

No.  277  Washington  st.,  Bosto» 


LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS.  gj 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Publisher. 

Boston,  May  27th,  18—. 
Gentlemen, — Enclosed  please  find  seven   dollars  ($7,00),   for 
which  you  will  please  send  me,  per  return  of  mail,  the  following 
books: 

The  Australian  Wanderers $  1  50 

Miner's  Domestic  Poultry  Book 1  50 

The  Reason  Why 1  50 

The  Sociable 1  50 

Mrs.  Partington's  Carpet  Bag  of  Fun  (paper) 75 

How  to  Cut  and  Contrive  Children's  Clothes 12 

The  Young  Housekeeper's  Book 12 

Please  address, 

Mrs.  James  Sylvester, 

Barton,  Wayne  Co.,  I1L 
Meters.  Dick  &  Fitzgeeaijj,  New  York. 


Form  of  Order  to  a  Dry  Goods  Merchant 

Coy  Village,  June  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Sir, — Enclosed  please  find  twenty-five  dollars  ($25),  for 
which  you  will  be  kind  enough  to  send  me,  per  Adams'  Express,  the 
following  goods : 

2  Lancaster  Spreads  (f  3,50) $7  00 

3  doz.  Napkins 9  00 

12  yds.  Calico,  white  with  pink  dot  (25c.) 3  00 

12    »        "  "         "    blue     "       " 3  00 

1  fine  hem-stitched  Lady's  Handkerchief 1  00 

4  pairs  Ladies'  Cotton  Hose  (50c.) 2  00 


$25  00 


Direct  to 


John  C.  Muneoe,  Es<i. 

No.  —  N.  8th  st.,  Philadelphia. 


Mrs.  Mary  C.  Hill, 

Coy  Village,  Madison  Co.,  Lad, 


62  LETTERS  ON  BUSINESS. 

Form  of  Order  to  a  Grocer. 

Martin's  Corner,  Dec.  20th,  18 — . 
Peter  Pleasant,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Enclosed  please  find  twenty  dollars  ($20),  for  which 
you  will  deliver  to  the  bearer  the  following  groceries : 

10  lbs.  Coffee,  40c $4  00 

25     "     White   Sugar,  20c 5  00 

3     "    Black  Tea,  $1  50 4  50 

10     "     Adamantine  Candles,  20c. ...    2  00 

10     "     Brown  Soap,   15c 150 

10    "     Mixed  Crackers,  20c 2  00 

1-2"    Green  Tea,  $2  00 *~> 100 

$20  00 

Margaret  Hoski^b, 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS.  63 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Letters  in  answer  to  an  advertisement  should  always  name  the 
newspaper  in  which  the  advertisement  was  inserted,  the  date  of  its 
insertion,  and  the  substance  of  the  advertisement.  Some  corres- 
pondents cut  the  notice  from  the  paper  and  paste  it  neatly  at  the 
head  of  their  sheet.     This  is  a  safe  way  to  prevent  mistake. 

Let  such  letters  he  as  brief  as  is  consistent  with  perfect  clearness, 
and  carefully  mention  your  references.  Remember  that  "  self- 
praise  goes  but  little  ways,"  and  let  those  who  have  employed  or 
know  you,  speak  of  your  good  qualities  for  you.  Nothing  will  dis- 
gust an  employer  sooner  than  a  self-laudatory  letter. 

At  the  same  time,  there  is  no  objection  to  your  expressing  your 
desire  and  intention  of  honestly  endeavoring  to  fill  the  required 
position  to  the  very  best  of  your  ability. 

Such  letters  must  be  written  as  soon  as  possible  after  reading 
the  advertisement,  as  if  you  delay,  others  will  certainly  apply  before 
you. 

Always  answer  an  advertisement  yourself,  as  it  will  give  the  ax  t- 
vertiser  an  opportunity  of  judging  of  your  handwriting  and  manner 
of  expressing  yourself,  both  of  which  are  often  of  great  importance. 

If  you  have  written  testimonials  by  you,  it  is  best  to  enclose  a 
copy,  marking  it  as  such. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Bookkeeper- 
No.  274 st.,  Philadelphia, 

March  30th,  18— 
Messrs.  Walker,  Truitt  &  Co. : 

Gentlemen, — In  reply  to  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Ledger 
for  a  clerk  competent  to  take  charge  of  a  set  of  books,  and  conver- 
sant with  the  forms  of  mercantile  correspondence,  I  beg  to  offer  my 
■ervices  to  your  firm. 
I  have  been  in  the  employ  of  Mr.  L.  G.  Simons  for  the  past  five 


g*.  LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

years,  but  about  two  months  ago  he  informed  me  of  his  desire  to 
take  his  son  into  his  counting-house,  and  dispense  with  the  services 
of  one  clerk. 

He  permits  me  to  refer  to  him  for  any  testimonial  of  character  or 
ability  which  you  may  require. 

Should  you  find  my  application  meet  your  views,  believe  me, 
that  it  will  be  my  constant  endeavor  to  fulfill  faithfully  and  punc- 
tually the  duties  required. 

I  have,  gentlemen,  the  honor  to  be, 

Your's  very  respectfully, 

Barton  Hodges. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Clerk. 

No.  36 st.,  Pittsburg, 

May  2d,  18—. 
Dear  Sir, — As  I  see  by  to-day's  Gazette  that  you  desire  to 
obtain  a  competent  clerk,  one  accustomed  to  the  duties  of  book- 
keeping and  correspondence,  I  hasten  to  apply  for  the  situation. 

The  death  of  my  former  employer,  Mr.  Cumings,  has  deprived 
me  of  a  situation,  but  my  having  been  for  six  years  in  his  counting- 
house,  will,  I  trust,  be  sufficient  guarantee  for  my  capacity.     Mr. 

John  Gordon,  No.  263 st.,  lawyer  of  the  late  Mr.  Cumings,  and 

wi)  om  I  assisted  in  winding  up  the  affairs  of  the  house,  permits 
me  to  refer  to  him  for  a  testimonial  of  character. 

Should  my  application  prove  successful,  I  will  make  it  my  earn- 
est endeavor  to  discharge  competently  and  carefully  the  duties  you 
entrust  to  me. 

I  am,  sir, 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

George  Moorb. 
Moses  Delano,  Esq. 

Answering  Advertisement  for  a  Salesman. 

No.  26  W.  st.,  Baltimore, 

July  16th,  18—. 
Dear  Sir, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Transcript,  I 
would  beg  to  apply  for  the  offered  position  of  salesman  in  your 
•tore.    I  am  perfectly  familiar  with  the  duties  of  salesman  in  a 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS.  65 

wholesale   arv   goods   store,  having  been  with   Messrs.   Wood   & 
Choate.  Cincinnati,  in  that  capacity  for  eleven  years. 

I  enclose  a  copy  of  the  testimonial  given  me  by  the  above-named 
firm  when  I  left  Cincinnati,  and  am  permitted  to  refer  you  to  them, 
should  you  wish  for  any  further  information  with  regard  to  my 
habits  or  business  capacity. 

I  am  twenty-seven  years  of  age,  unmarried,  and  never  touched  a 
card,  drop  of  liquor  or  tobacco  in  any  form  in  my  life. 

Hoping,  sir,  to  hear  from  you  in  answer  to  my  application, 
I  remain, 

Very  respectfully  your's, 

Aaron  Burns. 
William  E.  Parker,  Esq. 

Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Printer. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No.  496 st.,  Philadelphia, 

Aug.  29th,  18—. 
Charles  L.  Sthphens.  E<5a. ; 

Dear  Sir, — Noticing  the  aH^e  in  to-day's  Enquirer,  I  write  to 
apply  for  the  situation,  I  have  been  in  the  employ  of  Mr.  William 
Childs,  of  this  city,  for  f^ur  years,  and  served  my  apprenticeship  in 
his  office.  I  feel  q^te  confident  that  he  will  favorably  recommend 
me. 

Hoping  that  T.  may  hear  from  you  in  answer  to  this  application, 
I  am,  sir, 

Very  respectfully, 

Ezeksei  Founder. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Coaciunan. 

No.  9  Race  Court,  back  of  911  Arch  St., 

Philadelph:a.  May  Isfe,  18 — . 
•Top*!  T ,  ilARMON,  Esq. : 

Respected  Sir, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Ledger, 
for  a  competent  coachman,  I  offer  my  services  for  the  situation.  I 
have  been  in  the  employ  of  Mrs.  Rebecca  Smith,  No.  237  —  st.,  for 
two  years,  and  left  only  because  she  gave  up  her  carriage.  She  has 
given  me  permission  to  refer  to  her  for  recommendations. 

Shmild  you  me  willing  to  try  me,  sir,  I  will  endeavor  to  satisfy 


66  LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADYESTTSFM^NrS. 

you  in  all  respects.  As  I  am  a  married  ni?,n  av/jl  own  the  little 
house  in  which  1  live,  I  can  hoard  away  from  yoir  house  if  desired 
but  have  no  objection  to  remaining  altc^ctnor  it  more  convenient 
tor  you. 

I  am,  si*,  v«ry  i-espectfully, 

Peter  Kane, 


Answering  an  Advertisen\<f/<;  for  a  Gardener. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No.  22  E.  St.,  Culpepper, 

March  12th,  18—. 
J.  L.  Mason,  Esq. : 

Respected  Sir, — In  answer  to  the  above  I  would  respectful^ 
state,  that  having  just  completed  my  term  of  apprenticeship  to  Mr. 
F.  C.  Reed,  Florist,  I  am  looking  for  a  situation  as  gardener. 

I  enclose  a  copy  of  the  recommendation  given  me  by  Mr.  Reed 
when  I  left  him,  and  am  permitted  to  refer  to  him  for  any  further 
information  you  may  require.     His  address  is  No.  937  C.  st, 

I  am  twenty-one  years  of  age,  k>  perfect  health,  unmarried,  fci' 
not  afraid  of  work. 

Very  respectfully, 

Jerry  TurnsoIx.- 


Answering  an  Afi  vt»rtisement  for  a  Cook. 

No.  77  L.  St.,  Washington, 

Feb.  3d,  18—. 
Mrs.  B.  N.  Perkins: 

Respected  Madam, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's 
Chronicle  for  a  good  plain  and  fancy  cook,  I  beg  to  apply  for  the 
situation. 

I  have  been  with  my  present  mistress,  Mrs.  Martin,  for  two  years, 
and  am  only  leaving  because  she  is  going  to  remove  to  Pittsburg, 

I  shall  remain  here  until  Tuesday  nest,  unless  suited  to  a  place 
before  then ;  and  Mrs.  Martin  will  give  you  any  information  you 
may  wish  with  regard  to  my  capacity. 

I  am,  madam,  very  respectfully, 

Jane  E.  Jones. 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS.  67 

Answer  to  an  Advertisement  for  a  Chambermaid. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No. — Arch  St.,  Philadelphia 

Sept.  2d,  18—. 
Mrs.  L.  T.  Gallager  : 

Respected  Madam, — In  answer  to  the  above,  I  beg  to  state  thai 
I  am  obliged  to  leave  my  present  situation,  as  Mrs.  Herman,  mv 
present  mistress,  is  about  to  break  up  housekeeping,  and  I  shouid 
like  to  apply  for  the  situation  you  offer.  I  have  been  with  Mrs. 
Herman  for  thirteen  years,  and  she  will  answer  any  question  with 
'egard  to  my  industry  and  trustworthiness. 

Very  respectfully,  madam, 

Mary  Ann  Jenks. 


Answer  to  an  Advertisement  for  a  Child's  Nurse. 

No.  7 St.,  Chicago, 

May  6th,  18—. 
Respected  Madam, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Ga. 
zette  for  a  child's  nurse,  I  beg  to  offer  my  services  for  the  situation. 
I  hare  been  in  my  present  place,  at  Mrs.  Oliver  Coyle's,  No.  24  —  St., 
for  three  years,  and  am  leaving  on  account  of  the  death  of  my  little 
charge.  Mrs.  Coyle  permits  me  to  refer  to  her  for  recommendation. 
As  I  am  very  fond  of  children,  and  have  had  the  care  of  them 
for  seventeen  years,  I  think,  should  you  engage  me,  that  I  can  suit 
you. 

Tour's  very  respectfully, 

Anna  S.  Smith. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Governess. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No.  362 St.,  Portland, 

June  3d,  18—. 
Mrs.  James  Packhard  : 

Dear  Madam, — In  answer  to  the  above  I  would  state  that  I  am 
anxious  to  obtain  such  a  situation  as  you  offer.     I  have  been  teach- 
ing for  seven  years  in  the  Westhaven  Seminary,  and  the  closing  of 
that  institution  in  July  will  oblige  me  to  seek  another  position. 
Mr.  Roberts,  the  principal  of  the  seminary,  permits  me  to  re*er 


g$  LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

to  him,  and  I  may  state  here  that  I  have  been  teaching  the  highe? 
branches  of  English  studies,  German,  Latin  and  drawing. 
Hoping  that  I  may  hear  from  you  soon, 
I  am,  madam, 

Very  respectfully, 

Emily  J.  Powell. 


Answer  to  an  Advertisement  for  a  Music  Teacher. 

Maple  Grove  Seminary,  Worcester,  Mass., 

May  10th,  18—. 
Judge  R.  T.  Hope  : 

Dear  Sir — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Transcript,  1 
write  to  offer  my  services  for  the  situation  of  music  teacher  in  your 
family. 

I  am  a  graduate  of  this  seminary,  and  have  devoted  my  time 
especially  to  the  study  of  the  piano,  guitar,  and  vocal  music.  Prof. 
Reeves,  the  teacher  of  music  in  the  seminary,  permits  me  to  refer 
to  him  for  any  testimonial  of  ability. 

I  wish  to  add  that  for  two  years  I  have  had  charge  of  a  music 
class  of  seventeen  in  the  seminary,  and  have  testimonials  of  the 
satisfaction  of  the  parents  of  those  under  my  instruction. 
I  am,  sir, 

Very  respectfully, 

Almira  Brown. 


.  Answer  to  an  Advertisement  for  a  Milliner. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No.  20 st.,  Chambersburg,  Pa. 

Miss  Kate  Simpkins, — In  answer  to  the  above,  I  would  respect- 
fully apply  for  the  situation.  I  am  fully  competent  to  undertake 
both  straw  and  fancy  millinery,  having  been  in  business  with  Mrs. 

Hodges,  No.  3  st.,  for  nine  years.     Mrs.  Hodges  will  retire 

from  business  in  about  a  week,  but  will  give  me  any  testimonials  or 
Answer  any  questions  with  regard  to  my  ability. 
Hoping  that  my  application  may  meet  your  wishes, 
I  am,  most  respectfully, 

Marion  Hopkiks. 


LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS.  6'J 

Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Seamstress. 

No.  47  Strawberry  Court, 

June  9th,  18—. 
Mrs.  W.  Curtis  : 

Dear  Madam, — Noticing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Courier, 
I  would  respectfully  apply  for  the  situation  of  seamstress  in  your 
family.  I  have  ten  years  experience  in  cutting  and  making  chil, 
dren's  clothes,  shirts,  and  underclothes,  and  can,  if  desired,  bring 
specimens  of  my  needlework. 

My  former  employer,  Mrs.  Hoskins,  No.  11  —  st.,  will  answer  any 
questions  with  regard  to  my  character  or  ability. 

Should  my  application  meet  with  your  wishes,  please  address 
Mrs.  Margaret  Popkins, 
No.  47  Strawberry  Court,  rear  of  27  —  st., 

Augusta,  Me. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  a  Saleswoman. 

No.  246 St.,  Belfast,  Nov.  2d,  18—. 

Messrs.  Pearce  &  Hall  : 

Gentlemen, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Gazette,  I 
would  respectfully  apply  for  the  situation  of  saleswoman  in  your 
store.  I  stood  in  the  store  of  Mr.  James  Holdfast,  retail  dry  goods 
dealer,  about  five  years  ago,  but  left  to  take  in  plain  sewing.  Find- 
ing my  health  injured  by  constant  needlework,  I  would  be  glad  to 
resume  my  former  employment. 

Mr.  Holdfast,  No.  —  Main  st.,  permits  me  to  refer  to  him  for 
any  information  with  regard  to  my  character  and  capabilities. 

Should  my  application  meet  with  your  favorable  consideration,  I 
will  endeavor  to  discharge  my  duties  faithfully  in  all  respects. 
I  am,  gentlemen, 

Your's  very  respectfully, 

Sarah  Ann  Bell. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Printer. 

No.  264 st.,  Troy,  June  5th,  18—. 

Walter  S.  Monroe,  Esq. : 

Dear   Sir, — Seeing   your  advertisement  in  to-day's   Herald,  I 
would  respectfully  apply  for  the  position  for  my  son  Jeremiah,  who 


70  LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

is  anxious  to  learn  printing.     He  is  now  fifteen  years  of  age,  and  has 
just  left  school. 

I  should  be  glad  to  have  you  to  take  him  for  a  few  weeks  upon 
trial,  and  if  he  pleases  you,  he  can  then  be  bound  to  you  according 
to  your  usual  forms 

I  am,  sir, 

Very  respectfully, 

Lavinia  Minks. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Bookbinder. 

No.  8 st.,  Dover,  Me., 

Sept.  1st,  18—. 
John  L.  Trevor.  Esq. : 

Esteemed  Sir. — My  son  Thomas,  being  very  desirous  of  learn- 
ing bookbinding,  I  would  be  pleased  to  send  him  to  you,  as  your 
advertisement  in  to-day's  Ledger  shows  me  that  you  have  a  vacancy 
in  your  establishment. 

My  son  is  nearly  thirteen,  and  has  attended  school  for  seven  years. 
Should  you  be  willing  to  test  his  capacity,  he  can  come  to  you  at 
once,  for  a  month,  when,  if  he  pleases  you,  we  can  arrange  to  bind 
him  to  you  to  learn  his  trade. 

I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Henry  Davis. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Carpenter. 

No.  14  "Wills  Court,  Lincoln,  N.  H., 

Oct.  4th,  18—. 
Daniel  E.  Strothers,  Esq. : 

Respected  Sir, — Seeing  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Courier, 
I  beg  leave  to  apply  for  the  situation.  I  am  very  anxious  to  learn  a 
good  trade,  and  think  I  could  with  patience  and  an  earnest  endea- 
vor to  please  you,  be  able  to  make  myself  useful. 

I  am  an  orphan,  fourteen  years  old,  and  have  learned  to  read  and 
write  at  night  school.  I  have  been  working  on  the  farm  of  Mr. 
Lewis,  about  six  miles  from  here,  and  he  allows  me  to  refer  to  bim 
for  recommendation. 


LETTERS  A  NS  WERIJVG  A  D  YER  TISEMENTS.  7 1 

Should  you  be   willing  to  take  me  on  trial,  I  will  try  faithfully  to 
fulfill  all  your  requirements. 

I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully, 

Arnold  Morris. 


Answer  to  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Machinist. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

Highgate,  Vt.,  May  7th,  18 — . 
Rufus  Patterson,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Seeing  the  above  in  to-day's  Banner,  I  hasten  to  ap- 
ply for  the  situation.  I  was  for  three  months  in  the  foundry  of 
Bates  Bros.,  where  I  was  bound  apprentice,  but  the  destruction  of 
their  establishment  by  fire  forces  me  to  endeavor  to  get  work  else- 
where, as  I  cannot  wait  until  the  foundry  is  rebu.lt. 

Messrs.  Bates  Bros,  permit  me  to  say  that  they  will  cancel  m^ 
indentures  and  give  me  a  recommendation. 

Hoping  that  you  will  be  willing  to  take  me  on  trial, 
I  am,  very  respectfully, 

Arthur  Foster, 
No.  68 st.,  Highgate,  Vt. 


Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Apprentice  to  a  Milliner. 

No.  86 st.,  Dexter,  Me., 

Jan.  4th,  18 — . 

Miss  WlLHELMINA    ScRAGGS  : 

Seeing  in  your  advertisement  in  to-day's  Herald,  that  you  have  a 
vacancy  for  an  apprentice,  I  would  respectfully  apply  for  the  situa- 
tion for  my  daughter,  Marianne.  She  has  been  employed  as  errand 
girl  by  Mrs.  Willetts,  No.  3 st.,  who  will  give  her  a  good  recom- 
mendation. 

I  am  desirous  of  having  her  taught  a  good  trade,  and  should  be 
pleased  to  have  you  take  her  on  trial  for  as  long  a  time  as  you  think 
necessary,  before  binding  her  to  you,  to  learn  the  business. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you,  if  the  situation  is  not  already  filled, 
I  am, 
Very  respectfully, 

Caroline  Tibbetts. 


72  LETTERS  ANSWERING  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Answering  an  Advertisement  for  an  Appentice  to  a  Dressmaker. 

[Advertisement  pasted  in.] 

No.  5 St.,  Salem.  Mass., 

Dec.  3d,  18—. 
Mrs.  Rachel  Evans: 

Dear  Madam, — In  answer  to  the  above  I  would  respectfully  ar> 
p1}-  for  the  situation. 

I  have  been  lately  left  a  widow,  dependent  upon  my  own  exertiona 
for  support,  and  am  anxious  to  learn  dress-making. 

I  have  been  in  the  habit  of  doing  all  my  family  sewing,  and  can 
do  all  kinds  of  plain  seamstress  work  neatly  and  rapidly.  Mrs. 
Monroe,  one  of  your  customers,  knows  me  quite  well,  should  you 
wish  for  reference. 

Hoping  that  you  will  be  willing  to  accept  my  services, 
I  am,  very  respectfully, 

0>bjielia  Rows. 


LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION.  73 


LETTEES  OF  KECOMMENDATIOtf. 


Letters  of  Recommendation,  should  be  given  judiciously  anfc 
•nly  when  necessary.  A  lavish  and  indiscriminate  use  of  them  will 
make  them  totally  valueless,  and  will  seriously  injure  your  own 
character  as  a  business  man. 

These  letters,  as  they  make  you  to  a  certain  extent  responsible  for 
the  character  and  conduct  of  another  person,  should  only  be  given 
when  your  own  convictions  of  such  a  person's  worthiness  are  firm, 
and  founded  upon  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  habits  and  capacity 
of  the  party  concerned. 

Be  severely  truthful  in  such  letters.  It  is  a  mistaken  kindness  to 
gloss  over  faults  in  such  a  letter,  as  you  injure  your  own  character 
for  veracity,  and  do  a  great  injustice  to  the  person  to  whom  the 
letter  is  presented. 

Recommending  a  Bookkeeper- 

Elmira,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30th,  18—. 
Mr.  Robert  Payne  being  about  to  leave  our  employ,  it  gives  me 
great  pleasure  to  testify  to  his  ability  as  a  book-keeper.  He  has 
been  in  our  counting-house  for  three  years,  during  which  time  he 
has  always  maintained  the  character  of  a  conscientious,  upright 
and  faithful  clerk.  He  is  a  handsome  penman,  correct  accountant, 
and  of  steady  moral  habits. 

It  will  afford  us  pleasure  at  any  time  to  reply  to  any  application 
with  regard  to  Mr.  Payne,  and  he  leaves  us  with  our  best  wishes 
for  his  future  success. 

Coventry  &  Hopedalb. 

No.  673  — st.,  Elmira,  N.  Y. 


Recommending  a  Housekeeper. 

Litchfield,  Conn.,  July  1st,  18 — . 
Mrs.  Sarah  Jane  Allen  : 
Dear  Madam, — In  reply  to  your  favor  of  the  30tli  i_ist.,  inquir- 


74  LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION. 

ing  the  character  of  my  former  housekeeper,  Mrs.  Deborah  Dubbins, 
I  take  pleasure  in  testifying  to  her  worth.  She  resided  in  my 
family  for  twelve  years  after  the  death  of  my  wife,  and  only  left 
i&e  when  my  oldest  daughter  was  able  to  take  her  place. 

She  proved  herself  while  in  my  employ  to  be  trustworthy  in 
every  respect,  economical,  cleanly  and  industrious,  gentle  with  thp 
children  and  servants  under  her,  and  a  valuable  woman  in  every 
respect. 

Hoping  that  she  may  find  a  pleasant  home, 
I  am,  madam, 

Very  respectfully, 

B.  C.  Danvers. 

Recommending  a  Washerwoman. 

Providence,  R.  I.,  Sept.  7th,  18 — . 
This  is  to  certify  that  Jane  Smith,  who  has  been  in  my  employ  as 
laundry  maid  for  two  years,  is  a  first-rate  washer  and  ironer,  under- 
stands the  finer  kinds  of  clear  starching,  crimping  and  goffering. 
She  is  honest,  good-natured  and  trustworthy. 

Ann  C.  Coles, 
Housekeeper,  —  Hotel,  Providence. 


Recommending  a  Waiter. 

Clairemont  House,  Harrisburg, 

June  26th,  18 — . 
John  Banks,  the  bearer,  who  is  now  leaving  my  employ,  has  been 
in  this  hotel  as  waiter  for  seventeen  months,  and  given  entire  satis- 
faction, both  to  myself  and  the  guests  of  the  house.  He  is  thoroughly 
acquainted  with  the  duties  of  a  dining  room  waiter,  is  honest,  oblig- 
ing and  neat.  It  gives  me  pleasure  to  recommend  him  to  any  one 
wishing  a  first-class  waiter,  as  thoroughly  competent. 
Ulysses  T.  Holmes, 

Steward,  Clairemont  House. 


Recommending  a  Porter. 

Utica,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  6th,  18—. 
The  bearer,  David  Macarthy,  has  been  in  my  employ  as  portel 


LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION.  75 

*->r  three  years,  and  has  faithfully  discharged  all  the  duties  of  the 
position.  He  is  strong  and  industrious,  thoroughly  reliable,  can 
read  and  w#*"  a  good  plain  hand.  I  believe  him  to  be  upright  and 
conscientious,  and  have  never  found  that  the  slight  lameness  from 
which  he  suffers,  interferes  in  the  least  with  the  discharge  of  his 
duties. 

Samuel  G.  Haynes, 

No.  71 Utica,  N.  Y. 


Recommending  a  Cook. 

Springfield,  May  4th,  18 — . 
Mrs.  Ellen  Baxter  : 

Dear  Madam, — In  reply  to  your  favor  of  the  17th,  I  would 
state  that  Bridget  Mahoney  was  in  my  kitchen  for  nine  months,  and 
gave  perfect  satisfaction  in  every  respect.  She  was  only  required 
to  do  plain  cooking,  so  that  I  could  not  judge  of  her  capacity  for 
fancy  cooking.     She  is  willing,  honest  and  capable. 

Mary  C.  Porter. 


Recommending  a  Salesman. 

Buffalo,  Nov.  10th,  18 — . 
Messrs.  Colcraft  &  Fitzhugh,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. : 

Gentlemen, — Your  favor  of  the  16th  duly  received.  In  reply  to 
your  inquiries  with  regard  to  Mr.  Solomon  Pearson,  it  gives  us 
great  pleasure  to  testify  to  his  high  character  as  a  gentleman  and 
man  of  business.  He  was  employed  by  us  in  the  capacity  of  sales- 
man for  six  years,  during  which  time  we  found  him  invariably 
discharging  his  duties  with  skill  and  ability.  His  courteous  man- 
ners and  perfectly  reliable  statements  made  him  a  universal  favorite 
with  our  customers,  while  his  accuracy  in  accounts,  rapid  penman- 
ship and  ease  in  correspondence,  made  him  a  valuable  addition  in  a 
counting-house. 

Wishing  him  every  success  in  his  future  career, 
We  are,  gentlemen, 

Very  respectfully, 

Baldwin  &  Nasb. 


76  LETTERS  OF  TtS^TS^S^^ATlOm 

Recommending  a  Governess. 

Freehold,  April  9th,  18 — . 
Dr.  Thomas  Barnes  : 

Dear  Sir, — Miss  Helen  Lawrence  having  applied  to  me  for  a 
testimonial  of  character  and  ability,  it  gives  me  great  pleasure  to 
recommend  her  as  a  competent  teacher,  and  a  most  welcome  addi- 
tion to  a  home  circle. 

My  two  little  girls  were  under  her  entire  charge  for  seven  years, 
when  they  were  sent  to  a  boarding  school  to  finish  their  studies  in 
some  of  the  higher  branches. 

Miss  Lawrence  is  a  thorough  English,  Latin  and  French  scholar, 
a  fine  musician  and  graceful  dancer,  and  possesses  in  an  extraor- 
dinary degree  the  power  of  imparting  information. 

With  warm  assurances  that  you  need  have  no  hesitation  in  plac- 
ing your  children  in  her  care. 

I  am,  sir, 

Your's  very  truly, 

Julia  C.  Mallard. 


Recommending  a  Man  Servant- 

Norwich,  Dec.  17th,  18 — . 
Paul  Greyson,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — The  bearer  of  this,  Michael  Maguire,  has  been  in 
my  employ  for  six  months,  during  which  time  I  have  found  him 
faithful  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  honest,  reliable  and  indus- 
trious. Mr.  Willis,  his  former  employer,  recommended  him  very 
warmly  to  me. 

Respectfully, 

Oliver  Turnkey. 


Recommending  a  Child's  Nurse. 

Meadowville,  Pa.,  March  3d,  18 — . 
Mrs  0.  C.  Folwell: 

Dear  Madam, — The  bearer,  Susan  Denny,  has  been  in  my  employ 
as  child's  nurse  for  five  years,  during  which  time  I  have  found  her 
capable,  honest  and  useful ;  she  is  very  gentle  with  children,  mine 
being  much  attached  to  her. 

Your's  truly, 

Frances  Osmond. 


LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION  "77 

Recommending  a  Music  Teacher. 

Seafobd,  Del.,  Jan.  loth,  18 — . 
It  gives  me  much  pleasure  to  testify  to  the  ability  of  Miss  Bella 
C.  Morrison,  who  has  been  for  the  past  eight  years  instructing  my 
daughter  in  piano  and  vocal  music.  Miss  Morrison  teaches  upon  an 
admirable  system,  and  my  daughter's  progress  has  given  me  the  most 
perfect  satisfaction. 

Alfred  G.  Stillman. 


Recommending  a  Schoolmistress- 

Elm  Hill  Seminary,  Ashford,  Conn. 

Feb.  25th,  18—. 
R.  Clarence  Rogers,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  favor  of  the  23d  received.  It  gives  me  pleas- 
ure to  be  able  to  most  cordially  recommend  Miss  Pattie  Wilson  for 
the  position  of  schoolmistress  in  your  village. 

As  a  pupil  first,  and  afterwards  as  a  teacher  in  this  seminary,  she 
has  faithfully  discharged  her  duties,  and  proved  herself  thoroughly 
competent  to  conduct  a  school  alone. 

You  will  find  her  amiable,  and  thoroughly  conversant  with  the 
branches  of  a  good  English  education. 

Very  truly  your's, 

Tobias  Turnleaf, 
Principal  Elm  Hill  Seminary. 


Recommending  a  Driver. 

Williams-ton,  N.  C,  July  10th,  18—. 
The  bearer,  David  0' Sullivan,  has  been  in  my  employ  as  driver  for 
five  years.     He  is  a  competent  ostler,  gentle  with  horses,  a  safe,  re- 
liable driver.      He  has  given  perfect  satisfaction  in  every  respect, 
being  honest,  industrious,  neat  and  perfectly  trustworthy. 

Bernard  T.  Reilly. 


Recommending  a  Cabinet  Maker. 

Bridgeavater,  June  18th,  18 — . 
The  bearer,  Stephen  Williams,  having  just  completed  his  three 
years'  apprenticeship,  I  take  pleasure  in  certifying  to  my  perfect  sat* 


78  LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION. 

isfaction  with  his  conduct  and  ability.  He  is  a  good  workman,  skil- 
ful and  rapid,  having  practised  thoroughly  all  the  higher  branches 
of  his  trade.  I  have  found  him  reliable,  honest  and  trustworthy, 
and  he  bears  with  him  my  warmest  good  wishes  for  future  success 
in  business. 

Mark  Maberley. 


Recommending' a  Farm  Laborer. 
Mr.  Eli  H.  Pratt  ; 

Dear  Sir, — In  answer  to  your  inquiries,  I  would  state  that  the 
bearer,  Perry  Campbell,  is  thoroughly  competent  to  discharge  such 
duties  as  you  require.  He  has  been  for  ten  years  on  my  farm,  and 
has  a  thorough  knowledge  of  farm  work  of  every  description,  is  accus, 
tomed  to  the  care  of  horses,  cows  and  other  animals,  and  I  should 
have  no  hesitation  in  placing  him  in  entire  charge  of  a  farm. 

Very  truly  your's, 

Marcus  Walters. 


Declining  to  Recommend  a  Cook- 

Media,  Dec.  8th,  18—. 
Mrs.  Watkins  is  surprised  that  Mary  Malone  should  have  had  the 
assurance  to  refer  to  her,  as  she  left  her  service  for  drunkenness  and 
insolence. 


Declining  to  Recommend  a  Clerk- 

Chambersburg,  Feb.  14th,  18 — . 
Simon  P.  Alden  Esq. : 

Sir, — I  regret  that  I  cannot  conscientiously  write  the  testimonial 
you  request  of  me.  You  are  fully  aware  of  the  misconduct  that 
caused  your  discharge  from  my  service,  and  it  would  be  doing  a 
gross  injustice  for  me  to  speak  favorably  to  another  employer.  X 
think  an  honest  confession  with  a  desire  to  reform,  would  be  your 
best  recommendation. 

Regretting  that  it  is  entirely  out  of  my  power  to  grant  your  request, 
I  am,  in  spite  of  your  error, 

Your  sincere  well  wisher, 

Cyrus  Kiir». 


LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION.  79 

Declining  to  Recommend  an  Errand  Boy 

Smyrna,  Del.,  April  14th,  18—. 

Charles  G.  Hepburn, — I  am  surprised  that  you  should  ask  me 
to  recommend  you  to  a  new  place,  when,  as  you  are  well  aware,  1 
was  obliged  to  discharge  you  from  my  own  employ  for  dishonesty. 

It  is  impossible  for  me  to  truthfully  advise  any  one  to  employ 
you,  but  if  you  are  sincerely  anxious  to  do  better,  ycur  own  confes- 
sion and  promise  of  amendment  may  act  favorably. 

I  hope  that  you  will  not  again  oblige  me  to  refuse  to  recommend 
you. 

Joseph  Conrad. 


Giving  an  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Housemaid. 

-Edgefield,  Sept.  3d,  18 — . 
Mrs.  M.  Colfax  : 

Dear  Madam, — In  answer  to  your  inquiries  with  regard  to  Jane 
Stokes,  I  would  state  that  she  was  in  my  service  for  two  weeks. 
I  think  she  is  honest,  obliging  and  industrious,  but  so  slovenly  and 
careless  that  I  was  obliged  to  discharge  her. 

Mart  Robinson. 


Giving  an  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Governess. 

Mit.ford,  July  5th,  18—. 
Mrs.  Martha  Young  : 

Dear  Madam, — I  regret  that  Miss  Halstead  should  have  referred 
you  to  me,  as  I  cannot  give  her  the  recommendation  that  I  should 
like  to  offer  a  lady. 

Miss  Halstead  is  an  accomplished  teacher,  thoroughly  conversant 
with  English  branches,  music  and  drawing,  but  her  temper  is  se 
ungovernable,  that  the  childish  offences  that  require  a  steady,  firm 
correction,  were  made  the  excuse  for  displays  of  passion  that  were 
totally  uncalled  for. 

"Wishing  that  it  were  in  my  power  to  speak  in  more  favorable 
trsrrns  of  Miss  Halstead, 

I  am,  madam, 

Very  respectfully, 

Frederick  Stanton. 


80  LETTERS  OF  RECOMMENDATION. 

Giving  an  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Salesman- 

Baton  Rouge,  Feb.  13th,  18 — . 
Messrs.  Wilcox  &  Wilson  : 

Gentlemen, — Your  favor  of  the  12th  is  before  me.  I  regret  that 
I  cannot  conscientiously  speak  in  very  high  terms  of  Mr.  J.  J.  Swayne, 
of  whose  character  you  desire  my  opinion. 

Mr.  Swayne  was  in  my  employ  as  salesman  for  three  months. 
He  is  a  rapid  penman,  a  correct  accountant  and  a  clever  correspon- 
dent, but  his  manner  was  so  insolent  and  rude  that  some  of  our  best 
customers  were  deeply  offended  at  their  reception  and  treatment 
In  a  counting-house  Mr.  Swayne  might  be  found  a  valuable  assist- 
ant, but  I  cannot  conscientiously  recommend  him  as  a  salesman. 
Very  respectfully,  gentlemen, 

Walter  Cuningham. 


Giving  an  Unfavorable  Character  of  a  Seamstress. 

Carrolton,  May  27th,  IS—. 
Mrs.  Margaret  Wyatt  : 

Dear  Madam, — In  reply  to  your  inquiries  regarding  Hannah 
Brown,  I  am  sorry  to  say  that  I  found  her  wholly  incompetent  as 
a  seamstress. 

I  believe  her  to  be  an  honest,  careful  woman,  who  would  make  a 
first-class  housemaid  or  nurse,  but  she  does  not  sew  well.  Her 
work  is  uneven,  and  badly  put  together.  • 

Regretting  to  be  obliged  to  speak  unfavorably  of  one  whom  I 
believe  to  be  an  honest,  good  woman, 

I  am,  very  truly  your's, 

Jessie  Carletok. 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION.  81 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 


Lttters  of  Congratulation  should  be  written  with  hearty  expres- 
tions  of  pleasure  and  good  will.  Let  your  friend  see  that  you  are 
sincerely  rejoiced  at  his  good  fortune,  and  willing  to  sympathize  to 
the  fullest  extent. 

These  letters  will  admit  of  a  happy  quotation,  a  jest  or  perhaps 
a  little  good-natured  raillery. 

Be  careful  that  no  word  of  envy  or  discontent  creeps  into  such  a 
letter,  to  lead  your  friend  to  suppose  that  you  grudge  him  his  happi- 
ness. Better  leave  your  letter  unwritten  than  so  to  mar  it.  Advice, 
too,  is  out  of  place  in  such  a  letter. 

Never  hint  at  a  change  in  prospect,  or  throw  a  cloud  over  the  hap- 
piness that  calls  for  your  congratulation. 

While  you  are  desirous  of  making  your  expressions  of  pleasure 
and  good  will  hearty  and  cheerful,  be  careful  that  you  do  not  bur- 
lesque them  by  exaggeration.  Overstraining  your  words  will  only 
make  them  absurd,  and  lead  your  friend  to  doubt  your  sincerity. 

Never  introduce  a  painful  subject  into  a  letter  of  congratulation. 
If  you  must  send  bad  news,  even  by  the  same  mail,  send  it  in  a 
separate  letter. 

Let  your  congratulations  be  offered  as  soon  as  possible  after  the 
occasions  that  call  them  forth.  If  they  are  delayed  they  are  totally 
vaueless. 

Congratulating  a  Gentleman  upon  his  Marriage. 

Danville,  May  13th,  18 — . 
Dear  Marcus, — I  have  just  received  the  white- winged  messen- 
gers that  inform  me  of  your  new  happiness.     I  hasten  to  offer  you 
my  most   sincere  congratulations,  and  hearty  good  wishes.     May 
every  year  of  your  married  life  find  you  happier  than  the  last. 

From  my  inmost  heart,  dear  Mark,  I  say,  God  bless  you  and  your 
bride  with  His  choicest  blessings. 

Ever  your  warm  friend, 

Charles  Carolto*. 
Maecus  "Whitney,  Esq. 


82  LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION-. 

Congratulating  a  Lady  upon  her  Marriage. 

Carthage,  Miss.,  Aug.  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Nellie, — Your  snowy  cards  have  just  reached  me,  and  I 
write  at  once  to  try  to  express  my  heart- felt  pleasure  in  your  happy 
prospects.  It  is  a  great  pleasure  to  your  loving  friends  to  be  able 
to  feel  so  much  esteem  and  affection  for  the  noble  man  to  whom  you 
have  confided  your  life's  happiness,  and  to  hope,  as  I  do,  that  every 
year  will  unite  your  hearts  more  closely. 

May  Heaven  bless  you  both,  dear  Nellie,  is  the  earnest  prayer  of 
Your  loving  friend, 

Sallie  Chambers. 
Mrs.  Bupeet  Darling.  

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Beceiving  a  Legacy. 

Darlington,  Sept.  5th,  18 — . 
Septimus  Kelly,  Esq. : 

Dear  Friend, — I  have  just  seen  our  mutual  friend,  Harry  Hope, 
who  informs  me  of  your  good  fortune  yesterday.  It  gives  me  great 
pleasure  to  congratulate  you  upon  so  valuable  an  addition  to  your 
worldly  possessions,  for  I  know  of  no  one  in  whose  hands  they  will 
probably  be  so  usefully  and  worthily  expended.  Your  old  place  in 
my  affections  can  never  be  affected  by  poverty  or  riches,  but  I  take 
a  friend's  delight  in  wishing  you  a  long  enjoyment  of  your  good  for- 
tune. 

Your's,  as  ever, 

Orion  Harper. 

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Restoration  to  Health. 

Sparta,  Dec.  18th,  18—. 
Dear  Lola, — Your  mother's  little  note,  received  a  few  moments 
ago,  informs  me  that  you  are  so  far  recovered  from  your  late  illnesg 
as  to  be  down  stairs  again.  It  gives  me  much  pleasure  to  hear  such 
good  tidings,  and  I  hope  you  will  accept  my  hearty  congratulations 
upon  your  improvement. 

As  soon  as  this  violent  storm,  during  which  I  dare  not  venture 
out,  is  over,  I  will  call  and  see  you. 

With  kindest  regards  to  your  family,  I  am,  dear  Lola,  as  ever. 
Your  loving  friend, 

Mart. 
Miss  Lola  "Wither. 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION.  8S 

[Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Birth  of  a  Son. 

Potsdam,  March  28th,  18—. 
Dear  Harry, — Let  me  offer  to  you  my  most  sincere  congratu- 
lations upon  the  arrival  of  your  son.     I  remember  well  my  own 
proud  delight  when  my  first-born  was  placed  in  my  arms,  and  can 
heartily  sympathize  in  your  pleasure. 

May  he  prove  to  you  a  blessing  in  all  years  to  come. 
Pray  present  my  kindest  regards  to  Mrs.  Moore,  and  believe  thai 
I  am, 

Ever  your's  truly, 

Paul  Gordon. 
Harrt  Moobe,  Esq.  

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Birth  of  a  Daughter. 

Hastings,  Feb.  27th,  18—. 
Dear  Anna, — Your  sister  has  just  written  me  a  wee  note,  inform- 
ing me  that  you  are  the  mother  of  a  little  girl,  to  whom  I  can  wish 
no  greater  blessing  than  that  she  may  be  a  second  edition  of  her 
mother.  Do  you  remember  Toots'  declaration  of  Susan's  daughters, 
that "  That  admirable  women  cannot  be  two  often  repeated."  I  echo 
his  sentiments  in  the  present  case. 

As  soon  as  allowed,  I  will  come  to  present  my  congratulations  in 
person,  but  in  the  meantime,  believe  that  i  most  heartily  pray  for 
Heaven's  choicest  blessings  upon  your  little  one. 
Lovingly  ever,  dear  Anna, 

Jennie. 
Mrs.  Abthttk  Bailey.  

Congratulating  a  Friend  on  the  Safe  Return  of  a  Soldier  Husband. 

Greeneville,  April  7th,  18 — . 
Dear  Hattie, — I  have  just  heard  of  the  joyful  event  for  which 
you  have  waited  and  prayed  so  long,  and  hasten  to  assure  you  of 
my  deep  pleasure  in  your  happiness.  I  know  so  well  how  your 
loving  heart  has  been  tortured  by  the  long  and  dangerous  separa- 
tion from  which  you  have  had  to  suffer,  that  I  can  fully  appreciate 
/our  gratitude  at  its  cessation. 

Will  you  give  to  Mr.  Ward  my  most  sincere  congratulations  upon 
his  safe  return,  and  accept  for  yourself  my  most  heart-felt  sympathy. 
Ever,  dear  Hattie, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Maggie. 
Mrs.  T.  E.  Ward. 


84  LBTTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 

Congratulating  a  Friend  npon  Obtaining  a  Government  Appointment 

Lima,  Ind.,  July  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Godfrey, — I  have  just  seen  Will,  who  informs  me  that  you 

have   accepted  the   position  of   consul  to  .     I   know  of  no 

appointment  that  can  give  me  more  pleasure,  and  I  feel  assured 
that  no  one  could  be  selected  who  could  more  faithfully  and  honor- 
ably fill  such  a  position  than  yourself. 

Will  you  accept  my  heartiest  congratulations  and  best  wishes  for 
a  safe  voyage  and  pleasant  residence  abroad  1 
Ever  your's  truly, 

Oscar  Burns. 

GODFBEY  I/EMAN,  Esq. 

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Recovery  of  a  Sick  Child. 

Morrisville,  Oct.  22d,  18 — . 
Dear  Calanthe, — I  am  so  glad  to  hear  of  dear  Willie's  recovery 
that  I  cannot  delay  offering  to  you  my  most  heart-felt  congratula- 
tions. Your  faithful  nursing  was  making  you  look  so  feeble  that 
my  pleasure  is  as  great  at  your  relief  from  such  a  trying  duty,  as 
over  my  little  friend's  return  to  health.  Knowing  how  deep  your 
love  for  your  only  child  has  ever  been,  I  can  fully  appreciate  your 
gratitude  for  his  recovery  from  such  acute  pain  as  he  has  suffered 
during  his  tedious  illness. 

Trusting  that  he  may  soon  be  as  strong  as  ever,  I  am,  dear  friend, 
Ever  faithfully  your's, 

Edith  May. 
Sirs.  "Wilfbed  Hastings. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Safe  Arrival  from  a  Long  Voyage. 

Jackson,  June  26th,  18 — . 
Dear  Gctstayus, — I  will  not  call  upon  you  for  a  day  or  two,  as 
I  know  you  must  need  rest,  and  feel  that  your  family  have  the  first 
claim  upon  your  time,  but  I  cannot  delay  offering  you  a  hearty  wel- 
come, and  my  sincere  gratulations  upon  your  safe  return. 

If  you  could  know  how  much  I  have  missed  your  genial  smile 
and  hearty  voice,  you  would  appreciate  my  great  pleasure  in  your 
return. 

Hoping  to  see  you  soon,  I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Bertbahd. 
Gustavus  Ives,  Esq. 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION.  85 

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Unexpected  Eeturn  of  a  Son  sun* 
posed  to  be  Dead. 

Ottawa,  Feb.  17th,  18—. 
Dear  Maria, — In  what  words  can  I  express  my  deep,  heart-felt 
sympathy  in  your  great  joy  7     It  is  so  sudden  and  unlooked-for  a 
happiness  that  I  feel  that  any  words  of  mine  will  seem  cold  in  the 
moments  of  such  holy  joy  as  you  are  feeling.     Truly  your  son  who 
was  dead  is  alive  again,  and  God  has  been  most  merciful  to  you. 
I  who  know  your  mourning,  can  appreciate  your  gladness. 
My  most  sincere  congratulations,  my  dear  friend,  are  your's, 
Lovingly,  as  ever, 

Eliza. 
Mrs.  M.  C.  Meigs. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Escape  from  Injury  in  a  Railroad 
Accident. 

Galena,  June  27th,  18 — . 
Dear  Bob, — The  newspaper  of  to-day  has  relieved  the  great 
anxiety  I  have  been  feeling  on  your  account,  by  announcing  that 
"our  esteemed  fellow  townsman,  Robert  Townley,  escaped  unin- 
jured." I  am  afraid  I  was  selfish  enough  for  the  moment  to  forget 
all  who  had  suffered,  in  my  great  thankfulness  at  your  escape. 

You  may  present  my  most  sincere  thanks  to  the  reporter  of  tha 
Herald  for  his  good  news. 

Accept,  my  dear  boy,  my  most  hearty  congratulations  upon  your 
Providential  escape,  believing  me,  as  ever, 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Dick. 
Kobebt  Townley,  Esq. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Recovery  of  a  Lost  Child- 

Wolcott,  Jan  7th,  18 — . 
Dear  Marion, — I  have  been  sitting  by  my  window  ever  since  I 
heard  of  your  sorrow,  listening  for  my  husband's  return  from  his 
search,  and  only  lamenting  that  my  invalid  chair  bound  me  too  fast 
to  hasten  to  you.  At  last  the  welcome  news  has  come  that  dear 
little  Nettie  is  in  your  arms  again,  safe  and  unhurt,  though  terribly 
frightened.    I  know  your  love  will  soon  cure  that,  and  feel  very 


86  LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 

thankful  that  she  had  not  strayed  any  further  this  cold  night.     Pool 
babe,  I  can  well  believe  she  was  terrified. 

I  cannot  sleep  without  sending  you  my  warmest  congratulations, 
dear  Marion. 

Ever  lovingly  your's, 

Bella. 
Mrs.  M.  C.  Mudge.  

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  the  Twenty-fifth  Anniversary  of  the 
Wedding  Day. 

Wellborn,  March  5th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Starr, — If  my  memory  is  faithful,  it  is  just 
twenty-five  years  to-day,  since  I  had  the  pleasure  of  congratulating 
your  good  husband  upon  his  wedding,  and  tendering  to  you  my 
sincere  good  wishes. 

Will  you  allow  me  to  congratulate  you  upon  having  completed  the 
silver  circle,  and  offer  my  best  wishes  that  you  may  long  live  to- 
gether, and  know  as  much  happiness  in  the  future  as  your  faces 
prove  you  have  enjoyed  in  the  past. 

I  shall  give  myself  the  pleasure  of  personally  tendering  my  good 
wishes  this  evening,  when  I  understand  you  will  be  at  home  to  re- 
ceive your  friends. 

With  best  regards  to  Mr.  Starr, 

I  am,  madam, 

Very  respectfully, 

Lewis  Stuabt. 
Mrs.  T.  L.  Stakb.  

Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Arriving  at  Maturity. 

New  Berne,  Oct.  26th,  18—. 

Dear  Max, — Will  you  accept  my  congratulations  and  most  sin- 
cere good  wishes  upon  this,  your  twenty-first  birth  day  1  "  There's 
a  man  in  the  house,"  as  Mary  screamed,  when  she  saw  the  shadow 
upon  the  wall  last  winter,  and  I  feel  sure  that  the  boy  I  have 
loved  and  respected  so  much,  will  prove  an  honorable  and  useful 
man. 

May  Heaven  bless  your  coming  years,  dear  Max,  is  the  sincere 

prayer  of 

Your  friend  and  well  wisher, 

Sarah  Fultok. 
Maximilian  Hurst,  Esq. 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 


87 


Congratulatng  a  Friend  upon  the  Successful  Issue  of  a  Lawsuit 

Pomfret,  Dec.  7th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Hunter, — It  is  with  great  pleasure  that  I  take 
my  pen  to  congratulate  you  upon  the  successful  issue  of  the  vexa- 
tious lawsuit  which  has  annoyed  you  for  so  long.  Although  no 
right-minded  person  could  for  an  instant  doubt  the  justice  of  your 
cause,  it  is  a  great  relief  to  your  friends  to  feel  that  the  Court  has 
decided  the  ease  in  your  favor. 

Trusting  that  everything  may  now  be  arranged  to  your  entire  sat- 
isfaction, 

I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Your's  very  truly, 

Obadiah  Osborne. 
Nathan  Hunteb,  Esq. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  being  taken  into  a  Business  Partnership. 

Wilmington,  June  23d,  18 — . 
Dear  Alfred, — I  rubbed  my  eyes,  looked,  stared  and  gaped  at 
the  new  sign  over  your  ex-employer's  door  this  morning,  and  finally 
rushed  across  the  street  for  an  explanation.  "  Smith  &  Johnson," 
I  found,  stood  for  Smith  and  my  friend  Alfred  Johnson,  who  was 
most  vexatiously  "  out  upon  business,"  and  could  not  take  the  warm 
grasp  of  the  hand  I  was  longing  to  give  him. 

I  must  leave  town  in  about  an  hour  to  be  gone  a  week,  and  I  can- 
not postpone  my  congratulations  until  my  return.     Accept  them 
then,  my  dear  boy,  in  this  form  until  I  can  offer  them  personally. 
Wishing  you  every  success  in  your  business  career, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  in  good  fellowship, 

Walter  Hale. 
Albert  Johnson,  Esq. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  Passing  a  Successful  School  Examination. 

Hanover,  July  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Lizzie, — I  was  very  much  pleased  to  learn  from  your 
friend,  Mary  Bartow,  that  your  faithful  application  to  your  books 
during  the  last  school  term,  had  resulted  in  such  a  brilliant  success 
at  your  school  examination.  Knowing  how  deeply  interested  your 
parents  have  been  in  your  studies,  it  is  very  pleasant  to  see  you  re- 


88  LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION. 

warding  their  pains  and  care  by  such  conduct  as  has  earned  yoix  tha 
warm  praises  of  your  teachers. 

With  hearty  congratulations  upon  your  success, 
I  am,  dear  Lizzie, 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Mabel  Kbys. 
Kiss  Lizzie  Mobbison. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  obtaining  a  Physician's  Diploma. 

Philadelphia,  Nov.  17th,  18—. 
Dear,  Carl, — 1  am  delighted  to  hear  that  you  have  at  length 
reached  the  goal  of  your  wishes,  and  grasped  the  diploma  for  which 
you  have  studied  so  zealously.     Will  you  accept  my  heartiest  con- 
gratulations, and  most  sincere  good  wishes  for  your  future  career  \ 
Ever  your  friend, 

Jebome  Watkins. 
Dr.  Carl  Sheldon. 


Congratulating  an  Author  upon  the  Success  of  a  Book. 

Hagerstown,  August  8th,  18 — . 
Dear  Howard, — I  have  just  finished  reading  the  last  chapter  of 
your  most  interesting  work,  and  I  am  not  surprised  that  it  is  so  pop- 
ular. I  know  how  carefully  you  have  searched  for  the  valuable  in- 
formation which  it  contains,  and  how  deeply  you  have  been  inter- 
ested in  writing  it.  It  gives  me,  therefore,  the  greater  pleasure  to 
offer  my  congratulations  upon  its  marked  success. 

Thanking  you  for  the  pleasure  I  have  enjoyed  in  its  perusal, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  truly, 

David  Floyd. 
Howakd  Gleesabd,  Esq. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  obtaining  an  Army  Commission. 

Denton,  July  31st,  18 — . 
Dear  Lieutenant, — I  was  much  pleased  to  hear  that  your  gallani 
services  had  earned  for  your  broad  shoulders  the  straps  which  I 
doubt  not  you  will  carry  with  honor  and  patriotism.     It  is  always  a 


LETTERS  OF  CONGRATULATION.  89 

grateful  duty  to  congratulate  a  friend,  and  I  am  most  happy  in  offer- 
ing to  you  my  best  wishes. 

Your's  very  sincerely, 

Edward  Harding. 
Lieut.  Christopheb  Wllkins. 


Congratulating  a  Friend  upon  obtaining  a  Business  Situation. 

Salisbury,  Jan.  15th,  18 — . 
Dear  Jack, — I  am  heartily  glad  to  learn  that,  notwithstanding 
the  general  business  depression,  you  have  succeeded  in  obtaining  a 
clerkship.     I  don't  know  but  my  congratulations  should  be  offered 
to  the  firm  upon  obtaining  so  valuable  an  assistant  as  I  know  you 
will  prove,  but  you  must  accept  your  share  too. 
Wishing  you  every  success,  I  am,  my  dear  boy, 
Your's  very  truly, 

Earnest  Leipeb. 
Johh  Sttkphabd,  E*q, 


90  LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 


LETTEES  OF  CONDOLENCE. 


Letters  of  Condolence  are  the  most  trying  of  all  letters  to  write  or 
receive.  They  tear  open  the  wounds  of  those  who  read  them,  and 
the  deeper  the  feeling  with  which  they  are  written,  the  more  painful 
they  are  to  express. 

At  the  same  time  they  are  of  vast  importance  in  friendship.  At 
no  time  is  an  omission  or  slight  more  deeply  felt  or  hard  to  for- 
give than  when  affliction  is  calling  for  sympathy. 

It  is  best  to  make  your  letter  short,  but  earnest  and  sincere.  The 
most  deeply-felt  words  may  fall  coldly  at  first  upon  the  mourner's 
heart,  but  after  the  first  shock  of  grief  is  over,  you  may  comfort  by 
your  expressions  of  sympathy. 

Do  not  try  to  make  light  of  your  friend's  misfortune.  If  it  is  loss 
of  worldly  goods,  speak  cheerfully  and  hopefully  of  the  future,  but 
admit  that  there  is  cause  for  sorrow. 

Above  all,  never  hint  that  the  sorrow  is  partly  or  wholly  caused  by 
any  neglect  or  error  on  your  friend's  part.  It  is  insulting  ar»d 
wounding  in  the  greatest  degree. 

Letters  of  condolence  on  death  may  with  perfect  propriety  be 
written  upon  mourning  paper,  even  if  you  are  not  using  it  habit- 
ually. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  her  Husband. 

Warren,  May  18th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Morton, — I  feel  most  deeply  that  any  word  of 
mine  will  prove  but  poor  comfort  to  one  in  such  heavy  affliction  as 
you  are,  but  yet  I  cannot  refrain  from  offering  to  yon  my  most  sin- 
cere and  heart-felt  sympathy.  My  own  grief  at  the  loss  of  a  beloved 
and  highly  valued  friend  teaches  me  how  great  must  be  your  sor- 
row, but  knowing  your  Christian  fortitude  under  other  circumstances, 
I  trust  that  Heavenly  balm  and  consolation  will  be  poured  upon 
your  heart.     May  God  bless  and  sustain  you,  my  dear  friend. 


LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE.  91 

If  I  can  in  any  way  be  useful  to  you,  or  relieve  you  of  any  care, 
I  trust  that  you  will  call  upon  my  services. 

With  deepest  friendship, 

Your's  sincerely, 

Rudolph  Hall. 
Mrs.  Henby  Morton. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Wife. 

Bristol,  July  16th,  18—. 

Dear  Louis, — I  cannot  express  to  you  how  deeply  shocked  and 
grieved  I  was  to  hear  to-day  of  the  sad  accident  that  has  deprived 
you  of  so  beloved  and  loving  a  wife. 

In  your  first  bereavement  it  will  be  hard  to  see  any  comfort  in 
8dch  a  dispensation,  but  you  may  later  be  thankful  that  the  lost  one 
was  spared  all  suffering,  and  that  her  pure  spirit  went  home  without 
the  painful  passage  of  a  long  illness. 

I  will  not  now  intrude  upon  your  privacy,  but  trust  that  if  I  can 
be  of  any  service  you  will  accord  me  the  privilege  of  an  old  friend, 
and  command  me  freely. 

May  God  comfort  you,  dear  Louis,  and  lighten  your  weight  of  sor- 
row 

Ever  your  sincere  friend, 

F.  V.  Coulteb. 

Louis  Maybebby,  Esq. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Son. 

Amherst,  Oct.  29th,  18 — . 

Dear  Laura, — My  heart  is  full  of  sorrow  for  you,  in  your  great 
affliction.  Too  well  do  I  know  the  unspeakable  agony  of  such  a 
loss  as  your's,  and  realize  fully  how  cold  all  words  of  comfort  sound 
to  the  bereaved  heart.  Yet  if  the  tenderest  and  most  loving  sym- 
pathy can  soothe  your  sorrow,  believe  me,  dear  friend,  they  are 
your's  from  my  inmost  heart. 

God  grant  that  you  may  soon  feel  the  holy  joy  of  knowing  that 
you  have  an  angel  in  Heaven  who  calls  you  mother,  and  feeling 
grateful  that  your  sinless  little  one  is  removed  from  the  trials  and 
temptations  of  this  world. 


92  LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 

I  will  see  you  very  soon,  but  in  the  meantime  I  trust  you  will  not 
hesitate  to  call  upon  me  if  I  can  in  any  way  serve  you. 

Trusting  that  God  will  sooth  your  sorrow,  as  only  His  mercy  can, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  most  lovingly, 

Emily  Francis. 
Mrs    Geo.  Hollis. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Daughter. 

Compton.  Nov.  23d,  18—. 

My  Dear  Friend, — It  is  with  heavy  sorrow  that  I  have  learned 
of  the  fatal  termination  of  dear  Mary's  illness.  I  have  lost  a  friend 
whose  affection  and  sympathy  have  been  most  precious  to  me,  and 
can  deeply  appreciate  what  her  loss  must  be  to  a  father  whose  com- 
fort and  pride  she  has  been  for  so  many  years. 

I  cannot  write  words  of  comfort,  my  heart  is  too  heavy.  I  weep 
with  you,  my  friend,  over  your  desolate  home,  and  can  only  pray 
that  God  will  comfort  you. 

Will  you  allow  the  accompanying  wreath  to  be  placed  beside  my 
dear  friend  1  It  was  agreed  between  us  long  ago  that  the  bridal 
wreath  of  each  was  to  be  the  gift  of  the  other,  and  the  pure  white 
blossoms  are  offered  now  with  tears  of  sorrow  resting  upon  their 


With  deep  sympathy  I  am, 

Your's  respectfully, 

Ellen  Hawley. 
D.  C.  Bates,  Esq. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Mother. 

Rutland,  June  11th,  18 — . 

Dear  Eleanor, — I  do  not  write  to  attempt  to  comfort  you  under 
your  heavy  bereavement.  You  will  naturally  grieve  for  the  loss  of 
so  affectionate  a  parent  as  you  have  lost,  and  time  will  alone  soothe 
your  sorrow.  Yet  you  must,  even  in  your  first  sorrow,  remember 
how  much  of  her  place  you  must  fill  to  your  dear  father  and  little 
Harold,  and  endeavoring  to  comfort  them,  God  will  permit  you  to 
find  much  of  your  own  comfort. 

If  there  is  any  way  in  which  I  can  assist  you,  I  trust  you  will 


LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE.  93 

call  upon  me,  but  unless  I  can  aid  you,  I  will  not  intrude  upon  you 
now. 

Trusting  the  Divine  Love  will  soothe  your  sorrow, 
I  am,  dear  Eleanor, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Harriet  Bateman. 
Miss  Eleanob  Shaw. 

To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Father. 

Bath,  Jan  17th,  18 — . 

Dear  Reynold, — Deeply  as  I  sympathize  with  you  in  your  heavy 

loss,  I  cannot  but  be  grateful  that  your  dear  father  is  relieved  from 

the  frightful  agony  of  the  past  three  months,  and  is  in  the  happy 

home  of  the  redeemed,  enjoying  the  reward  of  his  pure  Christian  life. 

I  have  lost  a  dear  friend,  and  you  a  father,  whose  bright,  unspotted 

);fe  will,  I  trust,  be  a  holy  example  for  all  your  future  career.   I  know, 

dear  Reynold,  how  deep  and  sincere  must  be  your  grief  at  such  a 

heavy  bereavement,  and  trust  that  Divine  Providence  will  sustain 

you,  and  grant  you  that  solemn  and  sacred  comfort  that  no  earthly 

p)wer  can  ever  take  from  you. 

With  deepest  sympathy,  I  am,  dear  friend, 

Your's  most  sincerely, 

Antoine  Arndrey. 
Betnold  Bkown,  Esq.  

To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Brother. 

Taunton,  Dec.  20th  18—. 

Dear  Harry, — With  profound  regret  and  deep  sympathy  I  have 
heard  of  your  irreparable  loss.  The  mutual  friend  of  yourself  and 
dear  Charlie,  I  know  how  strong  was  the  love  between  you,  exceed- 
ing even  that  of  most  brothers,  and  I  can  readily  feel  how  deep  must 
be  your  sorrow  and  great  your  loss. 

I  feel  that  I  am  powerless  to  send  words  that  can  assuage  your 
affliction,  and  can  therefore  only  commend  you  most  earnestly  to 
Him  who  is  the  friend  of  the  sorrowful,  trusting  that  His  love 
will  dry  your  tears. 

If  I  can  in  any  way  serve  or  relieve  you,  call  upon  me  unhesitat- 
ingly. 

With  deep  sympathy  and  affection,  I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Dennis  DuNtr. 
Henby  Vogle,  Esq. 


JH  LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 

To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  a  Sister. 

No.  647 St.,  April  28th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Kendall, — I  trust  that  you  have  not  attributed 
my  silenca  to  a  want  of  sympathy  for  you  in  your  great  sorrow.  I 
have  been  absent  from  the  city  for  two  weeks,  and  did  not  hear  of 
your  loss  until  my  return. 

I  have  too  long  enjoyed  the  friendship  of  your  departed  sister 
not  to  feel  that  words  of  mine  are  totally  inadequate  to  soothe  the 
grief  you  must  naturally  experience  at  the  loss  of  one  so  gentle  an<x 
affectionate,  yet  I  cannot  refrain  from  offering  my  sincere  sympathy. 

That  Heaven  will  lighten  your  sorrow,  is  the  sincere  prayer  of 

Your  friend  and  well  wisher, 

Sarah  Sullivah. 
Mrs.  O.  E.  Kendall. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Death  of  an  Infant 

Portico  Row,  June  3d,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Porter, — I  know  that  with  your  heart  still  bleed- 
ing from  your  recent  heavy  sorrow,  words  of  mine  will  fail  to  carry 
any  comfort,  yet  I  must  write  a  few  words  to  assure  you  that  I  am 
thinking  of  you  and  praying  for  you. 

It  will  be  a  source  of  gratitude  to  you  in  the  future,  that  fche  pure 
little  spirit  of  your  child  returned  to  the  Saviour's  arms  unspotted 
by  this  world's  temptations. 

I  send  a  few  while  flowers  that  I  trust  you  will  permit  to  rest 
upon  your  darling's  pillow. 

"With  the  warmest  sympathy,  I  am,  dear  friend, 

Ever  your's  sincerely, 

Bella  Barnwell. 
Mrs.  Y.  E.  Pobter.  

To  a  Friend  on  a  Sudden  Reverse  of  Fortune. 

Ridgeway,  July  7th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Hillery, — I  was  deeply  pained  to  hear  of  you 
sudden  and  heavy  loss,  and  hasten  to  offer  to  you  not  only  my  siu 
cere  sympathy,  but  my  aid  in  whatever  way  I  can  benefit  you. 

I  know  your  cheerful  disposition  will  find  the  "  silver  lining  to  a 
cloud  "  as  quickly  as  any  man,  and  as  you  are  young,  strong  and. 
enterprising,  I  trust  before  long  to  see  you  entirely  retrieve  the  pres- 
ent misfortune.     Looking  such  a  sorrow  manfully  in  the  face  da. 


LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE.  95 

prives  it  of  half  its  sting,  and  you  will  soon,  I  am  certain,  find  your 
comfort  in  the  consciousness  that  you  are  building  up  again  what 
this  gust  of  ill-wind  has  blown  down. 

Command  me  freely,  or  I  shall  fear  that  you  have  ceased  to  value 
my  friendship. 

Ever  your  sincere  friend, 

L.  Wright. 
S.  V.  HiIjLert,  Esq.  

To  a  Friend  on  the  Loss  of  a  Limb  by  Accident. 

Fayette,  May  20th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Friend, — I  cannot  find  words  to  express  to  you  how 
daeply  I  was  shocked  and  pained  to  hear  of  your  sad  accident. 
Your  brother  writes  me  that  you  are  recovering  strength,  and  your 
spirits  are  buoyant  as  ever,  so  we  may  thank  God  it  is  no  worse. 
Your  life  is  spared,  and  time  will  reconcile  you,  I  trust,  to  your  loss. 
I  am  thankful  that  your  right  arm  has  not  suffered,  as  that  is  un- 
doubtedly the  most  reliable  and  useful. 

Believe  me  that  in  your  entire  circle  of  friends  there  cannot  be 
one  who  sympathizes  more  deeply  than  I  do  in  your  suffering,  or 
one  who  more  heartily  wishes  you  a  speedy  restoration  to  health. 

If  I  can  be  of  service  to  you  in  any  way,  remember  that  to  aid 

you  is  ever  the  sincere  wish  of 

Your  friend, 

Edward  Potts. 
Noebis  Haydon,  Esq.  

To  a  Friend  Suffering  from  a  Severe  Attack  of  Illness. 

Menden,  Oct.  27th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mrs.  Morris, — I  have  just  heard,  with  sincere  regret, 
of  your  illness,  and  write  to  express  my  sympathy  and  most  earn- 
est good  wishes  for  your  speedy  recovery. 

I  know  that  mere  words  are  powerless  to  soothe  actual  pain,  but 
I  cannot  refrain  from  endeavoring  to  express  to  you  my  heart-felt 
sorrow  at  your  illness. 

I  trust  if  I  can  be  of  any  service  that  you  will  call  upon  me  freely. 
Hoping  to  hear  very  soon  that  you  are  better, 
I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Sallie  Wade. 
Mm.  S.  J.  MoBBifi. 


96  LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 

To  a  Friend  on  the  Loss  of  a  Valuable  Ship  at  Sea. 

Rockland,  Dec.  17th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Van  Dyke, — To-day's  paper  has  informed  me  of 
the  loss  of  the  "Jay,"  upon  whose  speedy  return  I  know  you  were 
counting.     I  write  to  express  to  you  my  unfeigned  regret  that  so 
severe  a  loss  should  have  befallen  you. 

I  know  that  it  must  be  a  source  of  great  gratitude  to  one  of  your 
well-known  kindness,  that  you  were  able  to  welcome  home  the  of- 
ficers and  crew  of  the  vessel,  and  to  know  that  loss  of  life  was  not 
added  to  loss  of  property. 

Trusting  that  you  will  soon  be  able  to  replace  the  "  Jay," 
I  am,  my  dear  sir, 

Ever  your  friend, 

W.  Tompkins, 
V.  Van  Dtke. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Loss  of  a  Lawsuit 

Gallatin,  April  10th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Jenkins, — You  will  believe,  I  am  sure,  that  it 
was  with  the  liveliest  regret  that  I  heard  of  your  misfortune,  in  los- 
ing a  suit  upon  which  so  much  of  your  property  depended.  Your 
friends  were  surprised,  as  they  understand  so  clearly  the  justice  of 
your  claims,  that  a  mere  legal  inaccuracy  should  have  had  so  disas- 
trous an  effect. 

Still  I  trust  your  loss  will  not  seriously  affect  your  prosperity,  but 
that  time  and  your  well-known  energy  will  retrieve  the  actual  loss, 
and  place  you  even  in  a  better  pecuniary  position. 

Mrs.  Munroe  unites  with  me  in  expressions  of  regret  and  sym- 
pathy, and  hope  that  Fortune's  wheel  will  soon  turn  more  favorably 
for  you. 

With  sincere  regard,  I  am, 

Truly  your  friend, 

James  C.  Munrob. 
Henby  Jenkins,  Esq. 

To  a  Friend  on  Failure  in  Business. 

Raleigh,  Feb.  5th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Willis, — I  have  just  heard  with  deep  regret  of 
four  business  difficulties,  and  I  need  not  say  how  much  I  syn> 


LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE.  97 

pathize  with  you.  I  know  that  to  a  man  of  your  keen  sense  of 
honor  the  word  failure  has  a  terrible  sound,  yet  you  must  keep  uj 
a  brave  heart,  and  live  down  this  stroke  of  Fortune's  scourge. 

Your  friends,  one  and  all,  rejoice  that  you  have  been  able  to  prove 
the  causes  that  led  to  your  misfortune,  and  claim  their  respect  and 
confidence  even  while  acknowledging  your  embarrassments. 

Knowing  your  business  ability  and  great  perseverance,  I  see  no 
cause  for  mourning  too  deeply  over  your  misfortune,  but  hope  soon 
to  congratulate  you  upon  brighter  prospects. 
In  weal  or  woe,  dear  friend, 

Believe  that  I  am  ever, 

Your's  very  truly, 

Thomas  Clark. 
T.  L.  Willis,  Esq.- 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Loss  of  Property  by  Fire. 

Holmesburg,  March  8th,  18 — . 
Dear  Lilt, — I  little  thought  when  I  heard  the  alarm  bells  last 
night,  that  you  were  passing  through  such  a  terrible  ordeal,  and  was 
much  shocked  this  morning  to  hear  of  your  loss.  William  tells  me 
that  your  house  was  insured,  but  I  know  that  money  will  never  re- 
place the  household  gods  that  we  all  love  to  collect  around  us,  and 
can  appreciate  your  feeling  of  desolation  to-day. 

Believe  me,  you  have  my  most  earnest  sympathy,  and  hope  that 
you  will  be  able  to  recover  much  of  your  property. 

Hoping   that  the   excitement  and  terror,  will  not  affect  your 
health, 

I  am,  dear  Lily, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Myra. 
Mrs.  L.  Gk  Gbubb. 


To  a  Friend  on  the  Loss  of  Property  by  Robbery. 

Waterford,  Nov.  20th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mr.  Ripley, — Your  little  note  telling  me  of  your  loss 
last  night  has  just  reached  me,  and  I  hasten  to  offer  you  my  sincere 
regrets  for  your  heavy  loss.     I  hope,  however,  that  the  prompt  in- 


98  LETTERS  OF  CONDOLENCE. 

formation  you  were  able  to  give  to  the  police,  will  lead  to  the  deteo. 
tion  of  the  robbers  and  the  recovery  of  your  property. 

Hoping  to  hear  that  you  have  been  able  to  secure  the  offenders, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  very  truly, 

<J.  R.  Stablbb 
K.  a  Riplst. 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  99 


LETTEKS    OF   FEIENDSHIP    AND    EELATION- 
SHIP. 


Such  letters  should  be  easy  in  their  style,  and  the  language  will 
admit  of  playful  allusions,  jesting  and  familiarities.  You  will  find 
that  practice  in  writing  familiar  letters,  will  soon  give  you  a  fluency 
and  grace,  that  you  can  acquire  in  no  other  way. 

The  subjects  for  these  letters  are  exhaustless,  and  where  there  is 
great  intimacy  or  close  relationship,  all  the  little  details  of  every- 
day occupation,  scenes  or  interests  will  be  found  entertaining.  It  is 
not  the  most  elegantly  expressed  or  finished  composition  that  will 
delight  the  heart  of  a  far-away  friend  or  relative,  but  the  one  that 
contains  the  most  of  home  detail  and  feeling. 

The  fault  that  is  most  apt  to  characterize  familiar  letters  is  egot- 
ism. It  is  difficult  to  write  very  often  to  one  who  is  very  dear  to 
you,  and  not  dwell  frequently  upon  the  personal  pronoun,  but  a 
little  care  will  prevent  its  too  frequent  recurrence,  and  very  often  all 
such  personal  details  of  action  and  feeling  are  what  your  friends 
most  desire. 

Ease  in  writing  these  letters  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  and  de- 
sirable accomplishments  that  can  be  acquired  by  either  lady  or 
gentleman,  and  to  be  an  entertaining  and  punctual  correspondent 
will  gam  you  many  friends. 


From  a  Sister  to  a  Brother  upon  Hearing  of  his  Engagement. 

Burlington,  Aug.  21st,  18 . 

'  Dear  Ralph, — Mother  has  just  imformed  me  of  the  delightful 
fact  that  we  are  to  have  a  visit  from  you  in  the  fall,  and  that  you 
will  bring  for  our  loving  embraces  what  I  have  always  longed  to 
possess,  a  sister.  It  seems  as  if  I  could  hardly  wait  the  weeks  that 
must  intervene  before  embracing  your  Lucy,  and  assuring  her  of 
my  sisterly  affection. 

You  may  imagine  that  we  were  very  much  astonished,  but  I  assure 


100  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

you  that  we  have  all  often  speculated  on  the  perfections  of  the  fair 
Miss  Lucy,  who  occupied  so  much  of  your  time,  thought,  and  space 
in  your  letters. 

-  We  were  much  gratified  that  you  thought  to  enclose  her  photo- 
graph, which  has  prepossessed  us  all  in  favor  of  the  original. 

Will  you  give  my  warm  love  to  your  Lucy,  and  tell  her  that 
although  personally  a  stranger,  I  am  a  most  loving  sister  to  any  one 
who  claims  the  heart  of  my  dear  "brother  Ralph. 

Your  choice,  dear  Ralph,  must  be  a  worthy  one,  and  believe  me, 
I  am  all  anxiety  to  welcome  your  bride. 

Ever  your  loving  sister, 

Daisy. 

Balph  "Washbttkn,  Esq-  

From  a  Mother  to  a  Daughter,  Consenting  to  her  Engagement. 

Elizabeth,  May  27th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Agnes, — I  was  not  so  much  surprised  at  your  last 
letter  as  you  seemed  to  expect,  as  I  have  long  judged  from  the  tone 
of  your  letters,  that  Mr.  Esterhazy  was  very  attentive,  and  winning 
his  way  to  my  little  daughter's  heart. 

The  manly  tone  of  the  letter  which  he  has  written  to  me,  and  the 
favorable  reports  I  hear  of  him  from  all  who  know  him,  make  me 
very  happy  in  entrusting  to  him  the  welfare  of  my  only  child. 

You  must  not  think,  dear  Agnes,  that  I  need  such  warm  assur- 
ances of  your  unaltered  affection  for  myself,  although  I  deeply  ap- 
preciate and  value  them.  It  is  in  the  Providence  of  our  Heavenly 
Father  that  the  strongest  and  deepest  love  of  a  woman's  heart  is  for 
her  husband,  and  I  should  grieve  to  see  you  the  wife  of  any  one  who 
did  not  hold  in  his  keeping  your  first  and  best  earthly  love.  * 

I  shall  look  forward  more  impatiently  than  ever  to  the  summer 
vacation  when  you  can  dismiss  your  school  finally,  and  come  home ; 
for,  believe  me,  it  will  not  be  so  hard  to  part  from  you,  knowing  you 
are  under  the  protection  of  a  loving  husband,  as  it  has  been  to  send 
you  forth  to  the  drudgery  of  teaching. 

I  enclose  a  letter  for  my  son  in  prospective,  which  I  have  left  un- 
sealed for  your  perusal.  I  hope  that  you  will  find  it  as  cordial  as 
you  desire. 

Praying  earnestly,  my  darling,  that  God  will  bless  your  love,  I  am. 
Ever  most  lovingly, 

MOTHBR. 

Miss  AffNES  Watson. 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  101 

FTom  a  Daughter  to  a  Father,  Requesting  a  Holiday  from  SchooL 

Greenville  Seminary,  May  18th,  18 — . 

Dear  Father, — You  were  kind  enough  to  promise  me,  when  1 
last  left  home,  that  you  would  give  me  anything  in  reason  that  1 
chose  to  request,  when  I  had  thoroughly  mastered  the  whole  set  of 
Czerney's  studies  of  velocity.  My  music  teacher  is  ready  to  certify 
that  I  have  won  the  promised  reward. 

And  now,  dear  father,  my  request  is  to  be  allowed  to  come  home 
for  one  little  week.  I  have  studied  faithfully  all  this  term,  and  Mr. 
Marshall  is  perfectly  willing  to  allow  me  the  boon,  if  you  are  also 
willing.  I  long  with  a  homesick  heart  to  embrace  you  all,  and  am 
certain  that  I  shall  improve  more  rapidly  after  a  few  days  trf  entire 
rest  from  brain  work. 

Hoping  to  see  you  soon,  and  tell  you  all  what  I  would  otherwise 
write, 

I  am  ever, 

Your  loving  daughter, 

Madge. 
Simon  "Walters,  Esq.  ^. 

From  a  Grandmother  to  a  Grandson,  on  hearing  of  his  Harriage. 

Bridgeton,  Sept.  17th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Lawrence, — Your  affectionate  letter,  with  its  enclosure 
of  wedding  cards,  has  just  reached  me.  Although  it  is  a  long  time 
since  I  have  made  my  failing  sight  my  apology  for  not  writing  let- 
ters, I  feel  that  I  must  pen  a  few  lines  to  tell  you  of  my  pleasure  in 
your  happy  prospects. 

It  gives  me  an  added  gratification,  in  hearing  of  your  marriage, 
to  know  that  your  bride  is  one  whom  you  have  so  long  known  and 
esteemed,  for  I  believe  that  your  attachment  will  be  more  enduring 
and  happier  than  if  you  had  made  a  hasty  match. 

Give  my  love  to  Bertha,  and  tell  her  that  I  hope  before  long  you 
will  be  able  to  spare  time  to  bring  her  to  visit  me  in  my  pleasant 
country  home.     Cannot  I  hope  for  both  of  you  at  Thanksgiving  1 

Trusting,  my  dear  Lawrence,  that  God  will  bless  you  and  your 
bride, 

I  am  ever, 

Your  loving  grandmother, 

Ann  Evans. 
Lawbenge  Evans,  Esq. 


102  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

From  a  Brother  to  a  Sister,  Warning  her  of  an  Unsafe  Friendship. 

Camden,  May  5th,  18 — . 

Dear  Arabella, — I  was  deeply  pained  on  reading  your  last  let- 
ter, to  find  that  notwithstanding  my  warning  you  were  still  allowing 
the  visits  and  accepting  the  attentions  of  Mr.  Harding. 

Cannot  you  believe,  my  dear  sister,  that  nothing  but  the  deepest 
interest  in  your  welfare  could  have  dictated  the  words  of  caution  I 
spoke  to  you  1  Is  it  necessary  for  me  to  give  you  all  my  reasons 
for  saying  that  I  feared  you  would  have  cause  to  regret  encourag- 
ing Mr.  Harding's  visits  1  If  it  must  be  so,  then  I  will  state  plainly 
why  I  feel  such  great  uneasiness. 

I  know  that  Mr.  Harding  is  habitually  a  scoffer  at  religion.  I  have 
heard  him  myself  say  that  he  was  an  atheist,  and  boast  of  his  un- 
belief. How  can  you  expect  any  principles  of  virtue  from  a  man 
who  thus  casts  his  sheet  anchor  away1?  He  is  an  intemperate  man, 
and  one  who  does  not  hesitate  to  gamble. 

I  beg  of  you,  therefore,  to  discourage  his  visits,  which  are  not 
creditable  to  any  God-fearing,  religious  girl,  and  if  he  demands  any 
explanation  of  your  conduct  show  him  this  letter.  Every  line  ac- 
cusing him  is  founded  upon  my  own  observation,  and  I  am  perfectly 
willing  to  have  a  personal  explanation  of  my  motives. 

Trusting,  dear  Arabella,  that  you  will  heed  a  warning  that  is  sent 
in  the  warmest  brotherly  love  and  interest, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  loving  brother, 

Will. 
Miss  Arabella  Hawkins. 


From  a  Sister  to  a  Brother  who  ha3  gone  Astray. 

Staunton,  June  3d,  18 — . 

Dear  Albert, — With  my  heart  full  of  grieving  love  I  write  to 
you.  Can  it  be  that  you,  my  noble,  manly  brother,  have  so  far  for- 
gotten your  home  lessons,  your  mother's  teachings,  your  father's 
pride  in  you,  my  love,  as  to  have  habitually  frequented  the  bar-room 
and  gambling  saloon'*  Not  once  or  twice,  our  informant  says, 
but  every  evening  for  weeks. 

Albert,  my  dear,  dear  brother,  pause  while  there  is  yet  time,  and 
think  of  the  utter  destruction  of  body  and  soul  to  which  you  are 
hastening.  You  must  be  aware  of  the  fearful  risk  which  you  are 
running,  and  I  implore  you  to  stop  where  you  are. 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  103 

Our  mother  has  wept  all  day,  and  father  looks  as  if  ten  years 
had  been  added  to  his  life  since  that  dreadful  letter  came  this  morn- 
ing. Need  I  say  -what  I  have  suffered  1  If  your  love  for  us  is  so 
far  gone  that  our  tears  and  prayers  will  not  arrest  you,  then  remem- 
ber that  there  is  a  Higher  Power,  a  God  of  infinite  love  to  a  repent- 
ant sinner,  but  a  God  of  vengeance  to  those  who  wilfully  abuse  His 
goodness. 

What  can  have  wrought  such  a  change  in  you  since  you  left  us  ] 
Have  virtue  and  honor,  who  were  your  friends  and  companions,  so 
altered  in  your  eyes  that  they  have  become  tyrannical  taskmasters  1 
Can  it  be  that  you  are  resolved  to  throw  away  your  principles,  sac- 
rifice your  conscience,  and  turn  your  home  into  a  house  of  mourning 
for  the  pursuit  of  pleasures  that  must  in  the  end  become  scourges 
to  you  1  I  trust  not !  I  pray  that  your  eyes  will  be  opened,  and 
that  you  will  write  that  you  have  spent  your  last  evening  in  any 
haunt  of  vice. 

May  God  bless  and  strengthen  you,  my  dear  brother,  and  that  He 

may  lead  you  back  into  virtue's  paths  is  the  earnest  prayer  of 

Your  loving  sister, 

Makcella. 
Ji.  T.  Slatmaxee,  Esq. 

From  a  Sister  to  a  Brother's  "Wife. 

Absecum,  June  16th,  18 — . 

Dear  Lilias, — We  were  very  sorry  when  Ned's  letter  informed 
us  that  we  were  not  to  have  the  pleasure  of  seeing  you  this  summer, 
as  he  at  first  intended.  I  suppose  the  business  that  detains  him 
will  nail  you  also  fast  to  Hartford,  and  indeed  we  could  not  have 
the  heart  to  propose  to  deprive  him  of  your  society  so  soon. 

So  as  we  are  not  to  exchange  a  sisterly  kiss  this  summer,  I  write 
to  propose  that  we  open  a  correspondence.  I  am  anxious  to  form 
a  better  acquaintance  with  one  who  is  so  dear  to  my  only  brother, 
and  I  imagine  that  you  will  be  glad  to  know  something  of  Herbert's 
home,  parents  and  five  sisters.    (Does  that  sound  alarming  f) 

You  must  believe  that  we  are  all  very  happy  that  our  brother  has 
led  the  way  to  matrimonial  felicity,  and  that  he  will  be  able  to  have 
a  home  of  hi3  own,  though  so  far  away  from  us.  We  have  all 
mourned  over  his  loneliness,  and  offer  you  a  vote  of  thanks  for  tak- 
ing pity  upon  his  bachelor  condition. 

Will  you  not  write  to  me  soon,  and  keep  up  your  side  of  ou* 


104  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.] 

paper  chat  1     All  unite  with  me  in  the  warmest  love  for  both  your* 
self  and  Herbert. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon,  I  am 

Your  loving  sister, 

Gerturde. 
Jlrs.  Herbert  "Waxland. 

Prom  a  Brother  to  a  Sister's  Husband. 

Rome,  Ga.,  Nov.  28th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Claude, — It  was  a  real  trial  to  me  that  I  was  not  able 
to  be  present  when  you  made  our  little  Amy  a  bond  of  relationship 
between  us.  It  still  seems  odd  to  me  to  think  of  my  golden-haired 
pet,  whom  I  have  not  seen  for  six  years,  assuming  the  duties  and 
dignities  of  a  wife,  but  I  am  happy  that  her  choice  has  fallen  upon 
one  whom  I  have  esteemed  so  long  and  heartily. 

It  may  be  months  before  I  can  leave  here  for  even  a  short  visit  to 
New  York,  but  if  it  is  possible  for  you  to  run  down  here  and  shun 
some  of  the  cold  weather,  I  hope  you  will  do  so. 

With  warmest  love  and  good  wishes  for  yourself  and  my  dear 
sister,  I  am,  dear  Claude, 

Ever  your  affectionate  brother, 

L.  Conway. 
Claude  Barclay,  Esq.  

From  an  Elderly  Aunt  to  a  Favorite  Nephew. 

Hawkinsville,  Sept.  30th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Boy, — I  write  to  thank  you  for  the  loving  message  and 
most  welcome  enclosure  in  your  mother's  last  letter.  You  have 
been  so  invariable  kind  and  attentive  to  your  poor  old  aunt,  that 
there  is  a  warm  loving  glow  in  her  heart  whenever  she  thinks  of 
you.  I  remember  well,  dear  Frank,  when  you  were  a  little  boy, 
Low  you  loved  to  come  to  my  room  to  hear  stories,  and  how  proud 
I  was  when  you  had  conquered  the  alphabet  by  my  assistance. 

As  years  roiled  on  and  you  passed  through  boyhood  to  manhood, 
having  a  wife  and  children  to  claim  your  love,  you  still  kept  an  af- 
fectionate remembrance  for  your  aunt,  and  when  my  husband's  death 
left  me  in  declining  years  a  penniless  widow  I  shall  never  forget 
how  generously  you  assisted  me. 

My  heart  will  cease  to  beat  before  it  will  forget  its  grateful  love 
for  you,  dear  Frank,  and  although  I  can  never  reward  you  but  by 


►  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  105 

my  prayers  and  affection,  I  am  happy  in  the  belief  that  God  will 
remember  your  great  kindness  to  your  aged  aunt. 
With  warm  love  to  Maria  and  the  children,  I  am, 

Ever  your  loving  aunt, 

Margaret  Hopkins. 
Fbakcis  Clayton,  Esq. 

From  a  Father  to  his  Son  at  School 

Belleview,  Feb.  loth,  18 — . 

Dear  Gustave, — I  cannot  tell  you  my  proud  pleasure  in  hearing 
such  a  favorable  report  from  Mr.  Milburn  of  your  progress  during 
the  last  school  term.  You  know  how  great  my  anxiety  has  ever 
been  that  you  should  enjoy  all  the  advantages  of  education,  yet  my 
most  lavish  expenditure  and  greatest  care  would  have  been  in  vain 
if  you  had  not  yourself  been  willing  to  give  your  attention  to  your 
studies. 

It  is  therefore  with  great  gratification  that  I  receive  such  encour- 
aging reports  as  the  last  one  sent  me. 

You  are  my  only  child,  dear  Gustave,  and  since  death  deprived 
me  of  your  dear  mother's  valued  society,  you  have  been  my  sole 
comfort  and  solace  in  this  world.  It  was  one  of  the  greatest  trials 
of  my  life  to  part  with  you  during  your  school  terms,  and  nothing 
but  the  certainty  of  your  rapid  improvement  can  reconcile  me  to 
your  absence.  Continue  then  to  diligently  apply  yourself  to  your 
books,  that  I  may  the  sooner  be  able  to  recall  you  to  my  side. 

With  warmest  affection,  I  am,  my  dear  boy, 

Your  proud  and  happy  father, 

G.  C.  Tobias. 
Gubtaye  C.  Tobias,  Jr. 


From  a  Mother,  Remonstrating  with  her  Son. 

Franklin,  June  22d,  18 — . 
Dear  Isaac, — It  grieves  me  very  much  that  you  again  request 
me  to  send  you  a  sum  of  money  that  it  is  utterly  out  of  my  power 
to  afford  you.  You  are  fully  aware  of  the  sacrifices  I  am  obliged  to 
make  in  order  to  pay  your  school  bills  and  keep  you  clothed  as  well 
as  your  companions. 

I  do  not  wish  to  deprive  you  of  these  advantages,  and  am  willing 
to  submit  to  some  personal  privations  in  order  that  you  may  have  a 


106  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

good  education  ;  but  when  you  indulge  in  unnecessary  expenses,  1 
feel  it  my  duty  to  remonstrate  with  you. 

Your  little  brothers  will  naturally  look  for  the  same  advantages 
that  you  enjoy,  and  the  closest  economy  will  not  more  than  enable 
me  to  educate  them.  Justice  to  them  will  compel  me  to  refuse  your 
unreasonable  requests  in  future. 

Hoping  that  your  own  affection  and  good  sense  will  prevent  you 
again  making  such  a  heavy  demand  as  your  last  upon  my  slender 
purse, 

I  am,  my  dear  son, 

Ever  your  loving  mother, 

Martha  Pettingeb. 

Mast.  Isaac  Pettingeb. 

From  a  Poor  Widow  to  her  Daughter,  about  to  Marry. 

Bellaire,  June  2d,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Jane, — Your  loving  letter,  informing  me  of  your  in- 
tended marriage,  and  the  kindness  of  your  employer  in  supplying 
you  with  such  a  pretty  wardrobe,  reached  me  this  morning. 

You  say  your  happiness  only  wants  my  blessing.  My  dear  child, 
most  earnestly  do  I  trust  that  God  will  ever  bless  you  and  your 
chosen  husband. 

You  say  that  your  husband  will  unite  with  you  in  the  wish  to 
have  me  make  my  home  with  you.  Deeply  as  I  appreciate  his  kind- 
ness and  your  love,  I  shall  not  accept  your  offer,  at  least  at  present. 
In  my  judgment,  and  it  is  supported  by  observation,  it  is  much 
wiser  and  better  for  a  young  married  couple  to  be  alone  together  for 
the  first  few  years,  and  you  know  my  sister  would  deeply  feel  my 
absence. 

If  you  are  ill,  or  you  need  my  services  in  any  way,  it  will  give  me 
pleasure  to  hasten  to  you,  or  I  may  pay  you  a  visit,  but  I  will  keep 
up  my  little  home  here. 

Trusting  that  God  will  grant  his  blessings  upon  your  union.  I  am, 
dear  Jane, 

Ever  your  loving  mother, 

Mary  Ives. 
Miss  Jane  Ives.  

From  a  Lady  Friend  Complaining  of  Long  Silence. 

Clarkesville,  July  13th,  18 — . 
Dear  Jessica, — Do  you  know  that  it  is  now  three  long  month* 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  107 

since  I  have  had  one  line  from  your  pen,  although  this  is  the  fourth 
letter  I  have  written  in  that  time!  What  can  be  the  cause  of 
your  strange  silence  7  Have  I  been  so  unfortunate  as  to  use  any 
word  or  expression  that  has  pained  or  offended  you  1  I  trust  not ; 
but  if  such  is  the  case,  believe  me  that  it  was  most  unintentional, 
and  at  least  give  me  a  chance  to  explain  the  matter. 

Sometimes  I  fear  that  you  are  ill,  and  my  heart  aches  to  think  of 
you  so  far  away,  among  strangers,  upon  a  bed  of  sickness.  I  am 
longing  to  send  you  a  full  sheet  of  chat,  but  will  wait  until  I  hear 
something  from  you  that  induces  me  to  think  another  letter  accept- 
able. 

Hoping  to  hear  something  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  ever  your  friend, 


Kitty. 


Miss  Jessica  Haklowe. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Bradford,  July  20th,  18—. 
Dearest  Kitty, — I  can  only  write  you  a  few  lines  in  answer  to 
your  welcome  epistles,  to  explain  my  long  silence.  I  have  had  a 
most  painf  ill  felon  upon  the  thumb  of  my  right  hand,  and  at  one  time 
was  threatened  with  amputation  to  the  first  joint.  That  danger  is 
over,  but  my  hand  is  still  almost  useless,  and  has  been  so  since  I  last 
wrote  you. 

Pray  dismiss  any  absurd  ideas  about  my  being  offended  with  my 
dearest  friend,  and  wrrite  me  the  promised  sheet  of  chat.  Your 
letters  have  been  perfect  treasures  to  me,  though  I  could  not  an- 
swer them. 

Do  write  often,  and  whenever  I  can  hold  a  pen  I  will  answer,  but 
I  must  stop  now,  as  my  hand  is  too  painful  to  write  more. 
Lovingly  ever, 

Jessie. 
Hiss  Catherine  Cbawford 


From  an  Absent  Wife  to  her  Husband. 

Lyxx,  July  26th,  18—. 
Dearest  Love, — I  arrived  here  safely  at  about  eleven  o'clock 
this  morning,  and  received  a  most  hearty  welcome  from  both  uncle 
and  aunt.     I  am  glad  that  I  came,  for  truly  believe  it  would  have 


108  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

grieved  them  very  much  had  we  both  refused  their  kind  invitation, 
and  they  are  loud  in  their  praises  of  baby. 

It  seems  already  a  month  since  I  felt  your  farewell  kiss  upon  my 
lips,  and  baby's  first  shout  this  morning  on  waking  in  the  steamboat 
berth  was  "  papa  !  papa !  "  If  it  were  not  that  I  think  he  nee<* 4 
change  of  air,  and  uncle  and  aunt  are  so  pleased,  I  could  scarce^ 
bear  the  separation  from  you. 

I  will  write  you  a  long  letter  to-morrow,  but  I  am  anxious  to  get 
this  into  the  first  mail,  as  I  know  you  will  wish  to  hear  of  my  safe 
arrival  as  soon  as  possible.  Uncle  is  calling  "come,  you  must 
hurry,"  so  I  will  close. 

With  warmest  love,  darling, 

Your  "little  wife," 

AlJRELIA. 
Habold  Jayne,  Esq.  

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

New  York,  July  27th,  18—. 

Dear  Little  Wife, — I  was  indeed  anxious  to  hear  of  your  safe 
arrival,  and  was  much  relieved  by  your  prompt,  loving  letter. 

I  miss  you  very  much,  but  I  hope  to  see  your  pale  cheeks  rosy 
enough  on  your  return  to  warrant  my  firmness  in  sending  you  off 
for  change  of  air.  The  table  looks  so  dreary  without  your  dear 
face  opposite  to  me,  that  I  do  not  enjoy  my  meals  at  all,  but  it  will 
only  be  for  a  few  weeks,  and  I  hope  you  will  enjoy  a  winter  of  bet- 
ter health  for  your  trip. 

You  must  not  hurry  your  visit.  Glad  as  I  shall  be  to  welcome 
you  home,  I  want  you  to  stay  through  these  trying  hot  days,  which 
are  so  bad  for  you  and  Harry. 

Kiss  the  young  rogue  for  me,  and  be  sure  that  papa  misses  his 
morning  romp  as  much  as  baby. 

Kemember  me  to  your  uncle  and  aunt,  and  write  to  me  very 
vften. 

Ever  most  lovingly  your's, 

Harold 
Mrs.  Habold  Jayne. 


From  a  Wife  who  has  been  Summoned  from  Home  by  her  Mother's 
Illness. 

Hampton,  Dec.  18th,  18 — . 
J>eab  Walter, — I  reached  here  late  last  night  and  find  all  ray 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  109 

worst  fears  confirmed.  Mother  is  very  dangerously  ill,  and  I  have 
never  left  her  room  since  I  came  here ;  I  am  writing  now  in  pencil, 
and  seated  close  to  her  bedside,  hoping  with  a  sick,  faint  hope  that 
she  will  revive  sufficiently  to  know  me.  She  has  been  in  a  heavy 
stupor  since  yesterday  at  noon,  and  the  physician  gives  us  but  a  faint 
ray  of  hope  that  she  will  ever  rouse  up  again. 

I  trust,  my  darling,  that  you  do  not  miss  me  too  much  ;  I  gave 
Hannah  what  directions  I  could  for  your  comfort,  but  I  hurried  away 
so  that  I  am  afraid  you  will  find  many  deficiencies  in  my  arrange* 
ments. 

Trusting  to  your  love  to  forgive  them  all, 

I  am,  ever 

Your  loving  wife, 

Pauline. 

W&x,teb  Jones,  Esq. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing- 

Boston,  Dec.  21st,  18 — . 

Dear  Pauline, — Your  sad  news  has  just  reached  me,  and  my 
heart  is  with  you,  darling,  in  your  painful  and  anxious  watching. 
While  there  is  life  you  know  there  is  hope,  and  I  trust  that  your 
dear  mother  will  rally  from  this,  as  she  has  done  from  so  many  dan- 
erous  attacks  of  illness. 

Do  not  exhaust  your  own  strength,  dearest.  Remember  that  if 
you  are  ill  you  cannot  be  of  any  use,  and  force  yourself  to  take  the 
necessary  food  and  rest. 

Do  not  worry  about  my  comfort.  Hannah  is  a  perfect  treasure, 
and  your  thoughtful  love  made  every  necessary  arrangement. 

If  it  is  possible  I  will  come  to  you  in  a  few  days,  but  write  when- 
ever you  can,  and  I  will  do  the  same. 

Give  my  love  to  the  family,  and  assure  them  of  my  deep  sympathy 

in  their  painful  anxiety. 

Lovingly  ever,  my  own  one, 

Walter. 
Mrs.  "Waltex  Jones.  

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Friend  Announcing  his  Engagement 

Dover,  May  13th,  18—. 
Dear  Roger, — Your  playful  raillery  has  hit  upon  a  happy  truth. 
I  am  indeed  about  to  become  the  proud  husband  of  your  fair  cousin 


110  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP! 

Katie,  and  you  need  not  be  told  how  precious  a  treasure  I  hav» 
drawn  in  the  matrimonial  lottery.  It  was  all  in  vain  that  I  endea- 
vored to  steel  my  heart  with  my  old  resolutions  of  perpetual 
celibacy,  and  tried  to  argue  myself  into  the  belief  that  marriage 
wreaths  were  galling  chains,  and  freedom  happiness.  The  bright 
eyes  of  my  Katie  chased  away  all  my  resolves,  and  as  I  grew  to 
know  her  pure  warm  heart,  admire  her  many  fascinations,  and  love 
her  frank  guileless  nature,  I  took  hold  of  the  better  creed  that 
"  man  was  not  made  to  dwell  alone,"  and  told  her  that  my  happiness 
rested  in  her  hands. 

Her  reply  you  may  judge  when  I  tell  you  that  the  wedding  day 
is  set  for  the  17th  of  next  month,  when  we  hope  to  see  you  among 
the  guests. 

Hoping  that  you  may  soon  demand  my  congraulations  for  a  simi- 
lar happiness. 

I  am,  my  dear  fellow, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Job. 
Roger  Raymond,  Esq. 

From  a  Husband  Absent  on  Business  to  his  Wife. 

St.  Louis,  May  1st,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Callista, — You  see  by  the  date  of  this  that  I  am 
creeping  slowing  homeward,  and  I  trust  that  another  week  will  end 
my  business  engagements  here,  and  leave  me  free  to  hasten  to  you 
again.  Nothing  could  have  made  this  long  absence  endurable  but 
the  fact  that  I  was  accomplishing  so  much  in  a  pecuniary  point  of 
view,  and  thereby  increasing  the  comfort  of  my  dear  little  wife  and  the 
babies.  Tou  know,  my  dearest,  what  a  hard  strugle  it  has  been  for 
the  last  two  years  to  provide  even  the  necessaries  of  life,  and  I  know 
you  will  feel  more  reconciled  to  my  long  absence  when  you  are  as- 
sured that  it  will  result  in  engagements  that,  while  they  largely 
increase  my  income,  will  dimimish  my  labors. 

I  am  longing  uDutterably  to  clasp  you  in  my  arms,  and  hear  your 
sweet  voice  again. 

Hoping  that  in  my  next  I  shall  be  able  to  name  a  definite  time  for 
my  return, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  loving  husband. 

C.  G.  Hollo  way. 
Mra.  C.  G.  Hollow  at. 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  Ill 

From  a  Repentant  Son  to  his  Father. 

Memphis,  June  2d,  18 — . 

Dear  Sir, — I  dare  not  call  you  father  until  you  tell  me  that  my 

deep  and  sincere  repentance  has  removed  the  just  anger  that  you 

expressed  in  our  last  interview.     You  told  me  then  that  I  would  live 

to  see  the  sinful  folly  of  my  course,  and  deeply  repent  the  sorrow  I 

was  causing  "both  to  yourself  and  my  mother. 

Oh,  I  have  felt  the  bitter  truth  of  your  words  in  my  inmost  heart, 

and  I  can  never  again  know  peace  until  you  will  assure  me  of  your 

forgiveness  for  the  pain  that  I  have  caused  you.     If  I  may  come  and 

throw  myself  at  your  feet,  send  me  one  line  by  the  bearer,  and  I 

will  hasten  to  you.     If  I  have  sinned  too  deeply  for  forgiveness  I 

will  leave  Memphis  at  once,  and  you  will  be  forever  relieved  of  my 

presence. 

Trusting  that  the  love  you  for  so  many  years  manifested  for  me 

will  now  plead  in  your  heart  for  my  forgiveness, 

I  am, 

Your  erring  but  repentant  son, 

Samuel  Leigh. 
8.  R.  Leigh,  Esq. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Memphis,  June  2d,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Son, — Not  as  a  suppliant  at  my  feet,  but  as  a  loving 
son  to  my  arms,  I  bid  you  welcome.     All  my  sorrow  is  gone  in  the 
joy  of  your  return,  and  I  wait  impatiently  for  you. 

My  anger  was  ever  against  the  sin,  and  the  sinner  who  truly 
repents  excites  only  my  pitying  love. 

Your  mother  is  weeping  tears  of  joy  over  your  letter ;  come  at 
once  and  let  these  be  the  last  tears  you  ever  cause  to  fall  from  her 
eyes. 

Your  loving  father, 

S.  R.  Leigh. 
Samuel  Leigh,  Esq.  

From  a  Married  Man  to  a  Friend  about  to  Marry. 

Tioga,  April  3d,  18—. 
Dear  Percy, — I  rubbed  my  eyes  over  your  letter,  and  read  it 
three  times  before  I  could  convince  myself  that  it  was  true.     You, 
the  railler  against  women,  the  cynic,  the  declared  unchangeable 


112  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

bachelor,  about  to  enter  into  the  list  of  Benedicts.     What  can  hata 
effected  the  change  1     Is  Cupid's  battery  so  powerful  1 

Seriously,  my  dear  boy,  your  letter  gave  ine  the  greatest  pleas- 
ure. You  know  I  have  often  told  you  that  I  never  knew  the  true 
enjoyment  of  life  until  after  I  was  married,  and  in  a  year  or  two  I 
expect  to  hear  you  make  the  same  declaration.  The  choicest 
earthly  blessings  are  those  that  come  from  the  loving  hands  of  a 
true  and  tender  wife,  and  no  life  can  be  so  peacefully  happy  as  that 
of  a  man  and  wife  truly  united. 

I  have  had  but  a  slight  acquaintance  with  Miss  English,  but  I 
believe  her  to  be  in  every  way  calculated  to  make  you  happy, 

Trusting  that  every  felicity  may  attend  you,  I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

T.  C.  Perry. 
Pebcy  Habpeb,  Esq. 

From  a  Married  Lady  to  a  Sister  about  to  Marry. 

Kingston,  Feb.  19th,  18—. 

Dear  Earnestine, — You  will  in  a  few  days  assume  to  yourself 
duties  which  are  at  once  the  holiest,  happiest  and  most  important 
that  can  fall  to  a  woman.  You  are  about  to  unite  yourself  to  a 
man  whose  future  welfare  and  happiness  will,  under  Providence, 
rest  to  a  great  extent  in  your  hands,  and  who  will  be  responsible 
for  much  of  your  earthly  good. 

I  trust  that  you  are  not  entering  into  this  holy  covenant  lightly, 
nor  without  duly  weighing  the  importance  of  the  step  you  are 
taking.  I  am  so  much  older  than  you  are,  dear  sister,  and  have 
seen  you  so  seldom  since  I  left  home,  that  I  feel  the  deepest  anxiety 
about  your  future. 

My  own  married  life,  though  clouded  by  some  sorrows,  has  been 
ever  one  of  perfect  confidence  with  my  dear  husband,  and  upon 
that  one  fact,  I  am  convinced,  rests  much  of  our  mutual  happiness. 
He  knows  every  thought  of  my  heart,  and  I  believe  that  I  know  his. 

I  regret  extremely  that  it  is  not  in  my  power  to  come  to  your 
wedding,  but  I  cannot  leave  home. 

Trusting,  dear  sister,  that  you  will  be  very  happy, 
1  am,  as  ever, 

Your  loving  sister, 

Grace. 

Miss  Ebnesttne  Huntley. 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  113 

From  a  Country  Girl  to  a  City  Friend- 

Apple  Grove,  May  2d,  18 — . 

Dear  Martha, — Your  most  welcome  and  loving  letter  found  me, 
where  do  you  suppose  %  In  the  barn  hunting  for  eggs.  Down  I  sat 
Upon  a  pile  of  fragrant  hay,  put  my  basket  of  white  treasures 
beside  me,  and  tore  open  your  epistle.  You  cannot  think  how 
comical  it  seems  to  me  to  compare  the  scene  in  which  your  letter 
was  written  to  the  one  in  which  it  was  perused. 

My  eyes  resting  upon  the  sheet  before  me,  pictured  a  luxuriously 
furnished  room,  with  my  dear  friend  in  a  tasty  silk  wrapper,  satin 
slippers,  embroidered  skirt,  and  hair  with  chignon  and  crimps,  seated 
at  a  dainty  desk,  with  a  gold-handled  pen  tracing  loving  words  upon 
the  creamy  paper.  Looking  beyond  the  letter,  I  saw  a  pair  of  stout 
leather  boots  peeping  from  the  skirt  of  a  calico  dress,  and  hanging 
over  my  eyes  were  the  troublesome  short  curls  that  will  fall  there 
when  least  wanted.  But  looking  up  from  the  wide  open  barn  doors 
I  saw  what  made  me  cease  to  envy  all  city  refinements.  Far  away, 
denning  the  horizon  in  a  blue  outline,  stretch  a  line  of  high  hills, 
the  Ridge,  as  they  are  called  here,  and  resting  above  them,  the  clear 
cloudless  sky  made  a  vast  roofing  of  superb  blue  (you  can't  buy  a 
silk  to  match  it,  Mattie).  Sweeping  down  from  the  hills  into  the 
valley  are  forests  of  the  deepest  and  lightest  green,  a  sea  of  leaves, 
and  at  their  feet  lay  the  fields  of  young  grain,  waving  to  and  fro  in 
the  gentle  wind.  To  my  right  an  orchard  spread  a  sheet  of  snowy 
and  rosy  blossoms,  while  to  my  left  a  brook  ran  babbling  along, 
forming  a  dancing  cascade  nearly  opposite  the  barn.  A  whole 
brood  of  wee  peeping  chicks,  with  their  proud  mamma,  were  close 
at  my  feet ;  in  a  stall  near  by  stood  my  own  pet  horse,  Coquette, 
who  nodded  and  neighed  whenever  I  spoke  to  him ;  a  little  white 
rabbit  sat  near  me,  looking  up  into  my  face  for  the  choice  morsel 
she  generally  has  from  my  apron  pocket.  I  could  hear  my  father 
calling  to  his  horses,  as  he  drove  his  harrow  over  a  field,  my  brother 
whistling  as  he  gathered  the  first  greens,  my  baby  sister  cooing  as 
the  chickens  gathered  round  mother  for  their  breakfast,  and  I  con- 
cluded that  my  life  was  the  freest  and  happiest,  though  I  imagine 
you  would  be  horrified  to  be  reduced  to  one  silk  dress,  and  no  lace 
shawls  "  at  all,  at  all." 

Your  plans  for  the  summer  seem  to  me  very  charming,  and  I 
doubt  not  you  will  enjoy  your  proposed  trip  very  much.  Look  at 
3 


114  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

Niagara  for  me  too,  Mattie,  and  let  me  have  my  share  in  a  long 
letter. 

There  is  very  little  for  me  to  write  in  return  for  so  much  informa- 
tion about  the  girls.  I  have  heard  once  from  Dora,  but  there  was 
no  news  in  the  letter,  it  merely  announcing  her  safe  arrival  at  home. 
I  miss  my  school  duties  and  companions  very  much,  yourself  most 
of  all. 

Mother  hopes  that  before  you  start  for  another  prolonged  summer 
trip,  you  will  remember  that  we  are  anxious  to  introduce  you  to 
some  of  our  country  pleasures. 

With  much  love  to  Mary,  and  respects  to  your  parents,  I  am, 
dear  Mattie, 

Ever  your  loving  friend, 

Sophia. 
Miss  Mabtha  Osgood. 


From  a  Young  Lady  to  a  Schoolmate  just  Married. 

Warren,  Feb.  23d,  18—. 
Dear  Estelle, — I  have  just  heard  from  your  cousin  Anah,  th'it 
you  are  the  first  of  our  school-girl  circle  who  has  taken  upon  her- 
self the  cares  and  duties  of  a  wife.  Anah  writes  so  affectionately 
of  her  "  new  cousin,"  that  I  feel  you  have  every  prospect  of  happi- 
ness with  one  so  noble  and  kind. 

I  saw  your  brother  about  a  month  ago,  and  he  gave  me  some 
half-laughing  information  that  prepared  me  for  Anah's  news,  but  1 
had  no  idea  you  would  change  your  name  so  soon. 

Accept  my  most  sincere  good  wishes  for  your  future  happiness, 
dear  Estelle,  and  tell  your  husband  that  he  must  be  prepared  to 
feel  a  friend's  interest  in  all  your  old  friends,  especially 
Your's  lovingly, 

Berta. 
Mrs.  T.  R.  Bittleb. 

From  a  Young  Lady  to  a  Friend  who  has  Slandered  her. 

Bristol,  April  15th,  18 — . 

Miss  Rosa  Pomeroy, — I  have  heard  through  a  mutual  friend, 

upon  whose  veracity  I  place  the  most  implicit  reliance,  of  the  utterly 

false  and  injurious  charges  which  you  made  against  me  at  Mrs. 

Scott's  table,  on  Wednesday  last.    I  was  so  shocked  and  surprised 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  115 

at  such  an  outrage  upon  your  pretended  friendship,  that  I  have 
called  upon  others  who  were  present,  and  who  confirmed  my  friend's 
statement.     I  therefore  cannot  but  believe  the  truth  of  the  story. 

I  feel  myself  so  perfectly  innocent  of  the  conduct  and  motives  of 
which  you  accused  me,  that  I  demand  of  you  to  retract  your  words 
before  those  to  whom  you  have  traduced  me,  or  else  to  tell  me  from 
whom  you  obtained  such  false  stories,  that  I  may  call  upon  those 
who  are  guilty  of  originating  the  slander,  and  force  the  truth  to 
come  to  light. 

If  you  have  had  such  strange  libels  from  others,  it  would  have 
shown  a  more  friendly  spirit  to  come  directly  to  me  and  inform  me 
of  their  existence,  than  to  repeat  them  before  a  large  party,  amongst 
whom  I  number  many  friends. 

Expecting  to  hear  from  you  at  once, 

I  am,  grieved  and  surprised, 

Your  former  friend, 

Sabina  Atkins. 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Bristol,  April  loth,  18 — . 

Miss  Sabina  Atkins, — Your  note  reached  me  early  this  morning, 
and  I  have  been  out  all  day  tracing  out  the  originators  of  the  stories 
I  heard  to  your  discredit.  I  freely  own  that  it  would  have  been 
kinder  for  me  to  go  to  you  at  once,  on  hearing  them,  but  I  believed 
that  the  person  who  could  act  as  you  were  represented  to  have  done, 
would  do  any  injury  to  her  friends,  if  they  were  not  warned  of  her 
character. 

Your  note  first  caused  me  to  think  I  might  have  been  deceived  in 
my  estimate  of  your  conduct,  and  I  called  at  once  upon  my  inform- 
ant, and  showed  your  note ;  she  referred  me  to  another,  and  there, 
after  a  most  painful  interview,  I  succeeded  in  forcing  out  the  truth 
that  the  stories  were  pure  invention  and  slander.  The  originator  has 
promised  to  call  upon  you  and  apologize  to-morrow,  and  I  will  gladly 
retract  what  I  have  said,  and  acknowledge  my  own  fault  in  spreading 
Ill-natured  gossip. 

If  you  can  forgive  me,  I  will  gladly  make  you  any  apology  to 
be  allowed  to  sign  myself, 

As  ever,  your  friend, 

Rosa. 
Mua  Sabina  Atkins. 


116  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

From  a  Lad  in  the  Country  to  a  Friend  at  Home. 

Bikch  Farm,  June  17th,  18 — . 

Dear  Phil, — I  promised  to  write  you  as  soon  as  I  arrived  here, 
and  must  apologize  for  the  delay,  but  I  have  hardly  had  a  quiet  mo- 
ment since  I  came.  You  know  my  cousin  Bob  came  here  with  me, 
and  we  found  two  friends  of  my  uncle's  had  sent  their  boys  down* 
for  the  summer.  You  may  imagine  how  we  enjoy  ourselves.  Tbjsre 
are  cows,  pigs,  horses,  chickens,  ducks,  and  all  sorts  of  domestic  an- 
imals in  and  around  the  barn,  and  although  I  get  many  a  joke  made 
upon  my  ignorance  of  country  life,  it  is  all  in  good  part,  and  I  find 
Borne  chances  to  return  the  compliment 

Before  you  have  opened  your  sleepy  eyes  in  the  morning,  we  are 
out  with  a  hearty  breakfast  inside  of  us.  Uncle  has  allowed  us  to 
assist  the  men,  and  auntie  depends  now  upon  us  to  gather  the  wild 
blackberries  and  raspberries  that  grow  in  profusion  about  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  from  the  house.  We  find  fish  in  plenty  in  the  little  streams 
around,  and  have  had  numbers  of  famous  walks  and  rides. 

There  are  plenty  of  boys  on  the  neighboring  farms,  and  we  make 
pic-nic  parties,  walking  with  auntie's  biggest  butter  kettle  stuffed  full 
of  cakes,  pies,  hard  eggs,  sandwiches,  and  other  good  things  on  each 
arm  in  turn,  till  we  find  a  shady  spot,  where  we  can  fish  or  have  a 
good  game  of  ball,  tag,  or  whatever  strikes  our  fancy ;  there  we 
camp  for  the  day,  coming  home  at  dusk  all  ready  for  the  good  sup- 
per and  comfortable  beds  we  know  are  waiting  for  us. 

I  found  a  young  squirrel  lately  who  was  lame,  and  hopping  about 
inder  a  big  tree.  I  have  cured  his  foot,  and  am  taming  him.  He 
already  knows  me,  and  is  as  pretty  and  affectionate  as  a  pet  can  be. 
I  shall  bring  him  home  with  me,  so  you  can  see  him. 

Bob  is  calling  to  me  that  the  others  are  all  waiting  for  me  to  go  over 
to  Mr.  Hudson's  farm  to  spend  the  day.  John  Hudson,  a  real  nice 
boy,  was  here  last  week,  and  his  mother  sent  for  us  all  to-day.  They 
are  all  calling  me  now,  so  I  must  close. 

Do  write  soon,  and  remember  me  to  all  the  boys  at  home.     I  wish 

rou  were  all  here  to  enjoy  as  much  pleasure  as 

Your  affectionate  friend, 

Nelson  Duncan. 
Mast.  Philip  Maples, 

From  a  Lad  in  the  City  to  his  Sister  at  Home. 

Washington,  March  16th,  18 — . 
Dear  Fanny, — I  have  written  to  mother  twice  since  I  came  here, 


LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP.  117 

but  as  I  promised  to  write  to  you,  also,  I  will  keep  my  word  now. 
I  waited  until  I  should  have  something  to  write  about,  and  now,  if 
I  were  to  scribble  for  a  week,  I  could  not  tell  you  all  that  I  hava 
seen.  Father  has  to  be  at  the  Capitol  so  much  that  I  soon  found  if 
I  depended  upon  him  to  take  me  about,  I  should  see  very  little,  so  1 
have  learned  the  way  about  by  myself,  and  am  having  a  splendid 
time. 

Yesterday  I  went  to  the  Patent  Office.  Oh,  Fan !  it  makes  ona 
fairly  dizzy  to  see  the  articles  that  have  been  invented  in  this  country. 
I  was  proud  to  be  an  American,  when  I  looked  at  the  proof  of  the 
brains  and  genius  of  my  compatriots.  I  cannot  begin  to  tell  you 
what  I  saw.  Tell  mother  there  is  a  patent  machine  there  that  winds 
up  like  a  clock,  and  will  churn  the  butter  and  rock  the  cradle  at  the 
same  time.  How  would  she  like  that  1  There  is  a  rotary  harrow 
that  even  father  got  excited  about.  There  is  a  machine  for  knitting 
stockings  that  would  make  grandma  open  her  eyes  ;  and,  Fan,  you 
would  like  one  of  the  hatching  beds,  that  would  hatch  out  chickens 
enough  to  satisfy  even  you. 

I  saw  all  Gen'l  Washington's  household  and  camp  property ;  all 
the  presents  from  foreign  monarchs  to  our  Presidents,  and  my  heart 
swelled  up  as  if  it  would  choke  me  over  a  plain  black  hat  which 

Mr.  Lincoln  had  on  when ,  but  there,  I  will  not  put  sad  things 

into  your  letter. 

I  have  been  all  over  the  Capitol,  and  heard  lovg  debates,  both  4* 
the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives.  Between  you  and  me,  Fan, 
they  were  rather  tedious  and  bewildering  to  me,  but  father  looked 
so  astonished  when  I  said  I  was  tired,  that  I  was  ashamed  ever  to 
repeat  the  assertion. 

This  evening  I  am  going  to  the  theatre,  and  as  I  must  be  ill  ready 
at  tea  time,  I  cannot  write  any  more  now.  Answer  this,  dear  Fan, 
when  you  shall  have  another  long  letter  from 

Your  loving  brother, 

Barney. 

Miss  Fanny  Dickson. 


From  a  Lad  to  a  Sea  Captain  asking  to  go  to  Sea. 

Belfast,  Me.,  June  15th,  18 — . 
Dear  Captain  Hull, — I  have  at  last  obtained  mother's  permis- 
sion to  write  to  you,  and  ask  you  to  take  me  with  you  on  your  ne*t 
voyage.    You  know  that  I  have  always  wanted  to  go  to  sea,  bv» 


118  LETTERS  OF  FRIENDSHIP  AND  RELATIONSHIP. 

mother  was  so  opposed  to  it,  that  I  abandoned  the  idea.  I  tried  to 
do  so  cheerfully,  and  have  not  spoken  of  it  for  months,  but  I  think 
mother  knew  how  great  the  disappointment  was,  for  as  soon  as  she 
heard  your  vessel  was  at  Thomas  ton  she  said,  "If  Capt.  Hull  will 
take  you,  Billy,  you  may  go  to  sea." 

You  have  not  seen  me  for  three  years,  so  perhaps  you  do  not  know 
what  a  tall,  stout  fellow  I  have  grown.  I  can  swim  and  manage  a 
boat,  and  can  fish  with  any  of  the  Belfast  boys,  and  I  love  the  wa- 
ter so  that  I  am  sure  I  was  born  to  be  a  sailor.  The  sea  captains 
here  have  been  very  kind  about  showing  me  the  different  parts  of 
a  ship,  so  I  am  not  an  entirely  green  hand. 

If  you  will  take  me  I  will  try  to  be  useful  to  you  in  every  way, 
and  you  may  depend  upon  me  for  perfect  obedience  and  a  sincere 
desire  to  do  what  is  right. 

Mother  will  write  to  you  if  you  desire  it,  and  she  will  consider  it 
a  great  favor,  in  case  you  accept  my  services,  if  you  will  let  her 
know  what  she  must  get  ready  for  me  to  take. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am  very  respectfully  your's, 

Billy  Newton. 
Captain  G.  G.  Hull.  

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 
On  Board  the  Sea  Gull,  off  Thomaston, 

June  17th,  18—. 
Dear  Billy, — Your  letter  reached  me  this  morning,  and  although 
letter  writing  ain't  much  in  my  way,  I  write  at  once  in  answer. 

If  your  mother  is  willing  and  you  are  so  anxious  to  go,  I  shall 
be  very  happy  to  take  you  with  me  when  I  sail  for  Hong  Kong  in 
two  weeks  from  now.  I  think  you  have  been  on  the  coast  and 
among  seamen  too  long  to  suppose  that  a  sailor's  life  is  one  of  ease 
or  comfort.  You  will  have  to  submit  to  great  exposure  and  priva- 
tion, oftentimes  to  danger,  and  you  will  be  away  from  your  mother's 
love  and  care  for  many  months. 

"Weigh  all  well,  and  if  you  still  wish  to  come  to  me,  I  will  receive 
you  very  gladly.     Be  here  on  the  last  day  of  the  month. 

I  enclose  a  note  for  your  mother,  with  a  list  of  articles  for  youl 
outfit.  » 

Ever  your  friend, 

G.  G.  Hull, 
Mast.  Wis.  Newton. 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  119 


LETTERS  OF  LOYE. 


Love  Letters  written  in  sincerity  and  faith  need  but  little  guid- 
ance except  from  the  heart  of  the  writer.  The  true  lover  will  find 
the  words  he  seeks  flow  easily  from  his  pen,  and  probably  the  eyes 
resting  next  upon  them  will  not  criticize  very  severely. 

It  is  best  to  entirely  avoid  flattery  in  such  letters.  The  fact  that 
you  love  the  person  to  whom  they  are  addressed  is  a  sufficient  proof 
of  your  appreciation  of  any  merit  or  beauty  he  or  she  may  possess, 
and  the  praises  of  lovers  are  apt  to  become  too  warm  to  appear  per- 
fectly sincere. 

A  lady's  letter  should  be  always  dignified.  Although  there  may 
be  an  engagement  existing  at  the  time  of  writing,  it  maybe  severed, 
or  others  may  chance  to  see  the  epistles  intended  for  one  person's 
perusal  only.  Be  sure  that  your  betrothed  will  respect  you  more 
for  a  quiet,  affectionate  dignity  in  writing,  than  if  you  put  too  much 
of  the  most  sacred  of  all  feelings  upon  paper. 


Letter  from  a  Gentlemen  to  a  Lady  Offering  her  his  Hand. 

No.  71  S St.,  "Warwick, 

April  28th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  Haven, — It  is  now  nearly  a  year  since  I  first  had 
the  great  and  highly  appreciated  pleasure  of  being  received  at  your 
house  on  the  footing  of  a  friend.  During  all  that  time,  I  will  frankly 
confess  that  one  attraction,  and  later,  one  strong  hope  have  been 
drawing  me  ever  to  your  residence,  and  I  need  scarcely  add  that 
your  own  dear  self  was  the  attraction,  the  desire  of  winning  your 
favorable  regard  my  hope. 

Have  I  been  successful  1  Has  the  deep,  faithful  love  that  I  feel 
for  you  any  response  in  your  heart  1  All  my  hope  of  happiness  in 
the  future  hangs  upon  your  answer,  for  mine  is  not  the  fleeting  fancy 
of  an  hour,  but  the  true,  abiding  love  that  is  founded  upon  respeci 
and  esteem;  and  has  been  for  months  my  life  dream. 


120  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

Your  own  maidenly  dignity  has  kept  your  heart  so  securely  Vitd* 
den  from  me  that  I  scarcely  venture  to  hope  I  have  a  place  there, 
but  I  feel  that  I  cannot  endure  suspense  any  longer,  and  so  write  to 
win  or  lose  all. 

If  you  will  be  my  wife,  it  will  be  the  pride  of  my  life  to  try  to 
shield  you  from  all  sorrow,  and  to  give  you  all  the  happiness  that  a 
tender,  loving  husband  can  bestow  upon  his  first  and  only  love. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  with  respect  and  devotion, 

Your's  faithfully, 

Octavius  Riley. 
Miss  Tn.i.iF.  Haven.  

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  86 St.,  Warwick, 

April  28th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mr.  Riley, — Your  kind  and  manly  letter  opens  my 
eyes  to  the  fact  that  what  I  believed  to  be  only  a  warm  friendship  is 
a  stronger  feeling.  I  see  that  it  would  be  a  pain  to  me  to  lose  your 
visits  and  presence,  and  that  such  love  as  you  promise  your  wife 
would  make  me  very  happy.  You  see  that  I  answer  you  frankly, 
deeming  it  wrong  to  trifle  with  such  affection  as  you  offer  to  me. 

I  have  shown  your  letter  to  my  parents,  and  they  desire  me  to 
say  that  they  will  be  pleased  to  have  you  call  this  evening  to  see 
them. 

With  kindest  regards,  I  am 

Ever  your's  truly, 

Tillie  Haven. 
Octavius  Riley,  Esq.  

Unfavorable  Reply. 

No.  86 St.,  Warwick, 

April  28th,  18—. 
Octavius  Riley,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  letter  has  occasioned  me  the  deepest  pain,  fof 
I  feel  that  I  have,  unconsciously,  led  you  to  a  hope  what  I  can  never 
make  a  reality.  I  trust  that  you  will  believe  that  it  was  in  no  spirit 
of  coquetry  that  I  encouraged  your  frequent  visits,  but  because  1 
valued  your  friendship  very  highly,  and  believed  that  I  was  to  you 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  12} 

only  a  friend.  Tour  kind  and  manly  letter,  which  I  shall  ever 
regard  as  a  sacred  confidence,  has  shown  me  my  error ;  but  while  I 
cannot  return  the  sentiments  which  it  contains,  1  deeply  appreciate 
the  honor  which  you  do  me. 

I  trust  that  your  love  is  not  so  deep  that  your  real  happiness  is 
injured  by  my  rejection,  but  that  you  will  find  some  other  heart  that 
will  beat  responsive  to  your  own,  and  give  to  a  loving  wife  the  ten- 
der love  that  might  make  any  woman  proud. 

Hoping  that  I  may  still  retain  your  valued  friendship,  I  am,  my 
dear  sir, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Tillie  Haven. 
Octavius  Riley,  Esq.  

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  the  Father  of  the  Lady  he  loves,  Request- 
ing  Permission  to  Pay  his  Addresses. 

No.  16  G St.,  June  21st,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Baldavin, — I  think  you  will  not  be  surprised  when 
I  tell  you  that  your  kind  hospitality  to  me,  and  my  frequent  visits 
at  your  house  have  resulted  in  the  loss  of  my  heart,  which  your 
daughter  Miriam  has  entirely  in  her  possession. 

Believing  that  a  parent  so  affectionate  and  tender  as  yourself  has 
first  claim  upon  a  child's  obedience,  I  have  not  spoken  to  your  the 
daughter,  and  shall  not  do  so  until  you  give  me  your  kind  permis- 
sion. My  affections  are  unalterably  her's,  my  worldly  prospects 
are  good,  as  my  business  is  flourishing,  and  I  have  an  independant 
income  apart  from  business  capital.  If  you  will  trust  her  to  me,  it 
will  be  the  constant  endeavor  of  my  life  to  make  her  happy,  and  if 
a  deep,  devoted  love  be  any  guarantee  of  this,  believe  that  it  is  not 
wanting. 

Hoping  that  you  will  favor  me  with  a  speedy  answer,  I  am,  my 
dear  sir, 

Very  truly  your's, 

Roland  Garrett. 
T.  G.  Baldttin,  Esq.  

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  27  R St.,  June  21st,  18—. 

Roland  Garrett,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  honorable  and  manly  letter  has  just  reached  me, 


122  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

and  I  reply  at  once,  judging  it  wrong  to  keep  you  in  suspense  upon 
such  a  subject. 

I  know  of  no  man  who  would  be  more  acceptable  to  me  as  a  son, 
and  if  you  can  win  Miriam's  love,  I  will  give  you  a  father's  blessing. 
It  will  be  very  hard  for  me  to  give  up  my  only  daughter,  but  I  will 
console  myself  by  the  addition  of  another  son  to  my  family  of  boys, 
and  cordially  welcome  you  to  the  circle. 

I  have  not  spoken  to  Miriam  of  your  letter,  as  I  believe  lovers  like 
the  first  word  upon  such  an  occasion,  but  you  may  assure  her  that 
you  have  my  hearty  God-speed  in  your  wooing. 

Mrs.  Baldwin  unites  with  me  in  cordial  greeting. 

Ever  your  friend, 

T.  G.  Baldwin. 

Roland  Gabbett,  Esq. 

Unfavorable  Eeply. 

No.  27  R St.,  June  21st.  18—. 

Mr.  Baldwin  is  surprised  that  Mr.  Garrett  should  presume  to  write 
to  him  asking  permission  to  pay  his  addresses  to  Miss  Baldwin,  as 
he  must  be  aware  that  they  are  both  fully  acquainted  with  the  dis- 
honorable manner  in  which  his  former  engagement  with  Miss  Pea- 
chune  was  terminated. 

Miss  Baldwin  unites  with  her  father  in  a  decided  rejection  of  Mr. 
Garrett's  proposals. 
Roland  Gabbett,  Esq. 


Conditional  Reply. 

No.  27  R St.,  June  21st,  18—. 

Roland  Garrett,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir. — Your  straightforward  and  manly  tetter  lies  before  me, 
and  I  reply  to  it  at  once.  I  have  known  you,  personally,  so  short  a 
time,  that  your  proposal  has  startled  and  disturbed  me  very  much. 
You  are  aware  that  Miriam  is  my  only  daughter,  and  my  love  for 
her  is  very  deep.  Her  happiness  is  the  most  anxious  study  of  my 
life,  and  you  have  asked  me  to  confide  it  to  one  whose  character, 
disposition  and  pursuits  are  almost  unknown  to  me.  You  cannot 
be  surprised,  therefore,  that  I  ask  of  you  time  for  consideration,  and 
an  opportunity  to  know  something  of  your  past  life. 

1  will  give  you  a  six  months'  probation  to  test  your  own  heart, 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  123 

■which  I  fear  has  judged  too  hastily  in  a  matter  of  such  vast  import- 
ance. If,  at  the  end  of  that  time,  you  still  love  my  daughter,  and  I 
find  you  are  calculated  to  make  her  happy,  you  will  not  find  me  a 
stern  parent. 

Let  me  have  a  personal  interview  with  you  soon. 

Your's  very  truly, 

T.  G.  Baldwin. 

Roland  Gaebett,  Esq. 

Letter  of  Farewell  to  a  Lady  before  Starting  on  a  Journey,  Request- 
ing an  Interview. 

No.  202  L St.,  May  3d,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  Parks, — I  have  received  this  morning  a  letter 

from  the  South  that  will  oblige  me  to  start  for  Georgia  this  evening, 

and  probably  remain  there  for  several  weeks.     Before  leaving  the 

city,  I  am  very  anxious  to  have  an  interview  with  you,  and  assure 

you  that  much  of  my  future  happiness  will  depend  upon  your 

granting  me  this  favor. 

If  I  call  at  your  house  at  two  o'clock,  may  I  hope  to  find  you  at 

home'? 

Trusting  that  you  will  grant  my  request, 

I  am,  with  deep  respect, 

Your's  truly, 

St.  Claire  Eat. 
Miss  Sadie  Parks.  

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  16  T St.,  May  3d,  18—. 

St.  Claire  Ray,  Esq.  : 

Dear   Sir, — I  shall  be  at  home  at  the  hour  you  propose,  and 
pleased  to  see  you. 

Your's  very  truly, 

Sadie  Parks. 

Unfavorable  Reply. 

No.  16  T St.,  May  3d,  18—. 

Miss  Parks  regrets  that  a  prior  engagement  will  prevent  her 
receiving  Mr.  Ray  this  afternoon,  but  assures  him  of  her  most 
cordial  good  wishes  for  his  having  a  pleasant  journey  and  safe 
speedy  return. 
Sx.  Claibe  Ray,  Esq. 


124 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Requesting  an  Explanation  of  TJnfavo*i 
able  Comments  upon  him. 

Water  St.,  Feb.  22d,  18—. 

Miss  Octavia  Know, — I  hare  just  bad  a  long  interview  with  a 
mutual  friend  of  your's  and  mine,  who  has  surprised  me  by  repeat- 
ing your  unfounded  assertions  with  regard  to  me.  Of  course,  what 
is  merely  your  opinion,  I  have  no  right  to  resent,  though  I  regret 
that  it  should  be  so  unfavorable,  but  I  have  a  right  to  demand  your 
grounds  for  asserting  that  I  am  an  arrant  flirt,  a  hypocrite,  and 
concerned  in  more  than  one  dishonorable  transaction. 

Will  you  have  the  kindness  to  inform  me  with  whom  I  have 
flirted,  how  played  the  hypocrite,  and  in  what  dishonorable  transac- 
tions I  have  been  concerned. 

Owen  Folevell. 

Reply  to  the  Foregoing. 

La  Roche  St.,  Feb.  22d,  18—. 
Owen  Folevell,  Esq., — The  high  tone  of  your  letter  might 
impose  upon  one  who  was  not  so  well  acquainted  with  your  history 
previous  to  your  arrival  at  this  place  as  I  happen  to  be.  My 
opinion  was  founded  upon  a  knowledge  of  your  life  while  you 
resided  in  St.  Louis. 

When  I  inform  you  that  Mrs.  Carrie  Ryder  is  one  of  my  most 
intimate  friends  and  constant  correspondent,  you  will  not  again 
request  a  list  of  your  misdoings.  If  you  consider  your  course  of 
conduct  in  deceiving  your  uncle,  endeavoring  to  ruin  your  young 
cousin  Charles,  and  attempting  to  elope  with  an  heiress  of  fifteen, 
honorable,  I  can  only  say  that  I  differ  in  opinion. 

Octavia  Know. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Remonstrating  with  her  for  Flirting. 
No.  60  M St.,  July  19th,  18—. 

Dear  Winnie, — You  have  promised  one  day  to  be  my  wife,  and 
while  accepting  the  entire  devotion  of  my  heart,  have  led  me  to 
suppose  that  you  gave  me  the  undivided  love  of  your's.  It  has 
long  pained  me  to  doubt  the  sincerity  of  your  declarations,  but  I 
feel  it  due  to  myself  to  remonstrate  with  you.  You  are  aware  that 
it  is  only  my  anxiety  to  hasten  the  day  of  our  union  that  keeps  me 
away  from  your  side  so  much,  as  my  uncle  will  not  take  me  into 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  125 

partnership  until  I  have  wound  up  several  complicated  business 
arrangements  that  require  much  attention.  Yet  when  I  am  absent 
from  you,  I  am  working  for  you  in  the  future,  and  thinking  of  you 
ever. 

I  only  ask  of  you  a  little  patience,  but  I  cannot  submit  to  such 
great  disregard  of  my  rights  and  feelings  as  you  have  shown  in  the 
past  fortnight.  Four  times  you  have  taken  long  rides  with  Mr. 
Arthur,  you  receive  him  evening  after  evening  at  your  own  house, 
When  I  am  obliged  to  be  absent,  you  accept  his  gifts  and  court  his 
attentions. 

If  you  prefer  him  to  me,  I  will  not  stand  in  his  light,  but  if  this 
te  only  thoughtless  flirting,  I  must  ask  you  to  consider  that  you  are 
wronging  both  of  us. 

I  shall  not  call  again  until  you  reply  to  this,  and  inform  me 
whether  you  will  dispense  with  Mr.  Arthur's  attentions  or  mine. 

Your's  faithfully, 

Raphael  Henderson. 

Miss  "WrNNIFRED  BOWMAN. 


From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  Accusing  him  of  Coldness. 

No.  13 St.,  May  12th,  18—. 

Dear  Stacy, — It  is  now  eight  days  since  you  have  been  to  see 
me,  and  I  write  to  ask  you  what  the  cloud  is  that  seems  to  have 
risen  between  us.  When  we  were  first  engaged,  you  came  to  my 
side  every  evening,  and  lingering  till  late,  seemed  even  then  unwill- 
ing to  leave  me.  You  were  loving  and  cordial,  and  your  only 
desire  seemed  to  be  to  impress  me  with  the  idea  of  your  devotion. 
Now  you  come  but  seldom,  and  your  manner  is  cold  and  con- 
strained, you  leave  me  early  and  no  words  of  affection  fall  from 
your  lips. 

I  do  not  wish  to  force  you  to  your  old  position.  You  know  that 
my  love  for  you  was  never  betrayed  until  you  most  earnestly  sought 
it,  and  led  me  to  suppose  that  your  whole  heart  was  mine.  But, 
Stacy,  I  do  ask  for  your  confidence. 

Is  there  any  trouble  in  your  business  or  home  affairs  that  makes 
you  cold,  or  have  you  ceased  to  love  me  1  Tell  me  frankly  what 
estranges  you.    If  my  love  can  comfort  you  in  trouble,  believe  me 


126  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

it  will  not  be  wanting,  but  if  it  is  valueless,  tell  me  so  without 
reserve.     I  neither  seek  nor  desire  a  forced  affection. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  at  once, 

I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Esther. 

Stacy  Abbott,  Esq, 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady,  Confessing  Change  of  Sentiment 

No.  31 St.,  May  13th,  18—. 

Miss  Esther  Davenport, — Your  note  has  opened  my  eyes  to 
the  folly  and  wrong  of  the  course  I  have  pursued  of  late.  All 
night  I  have  been  pacing  my  floor  trying  to  decide  what  course  it 
was  my  duty  to  pursue,  and  I  have  decided  to  answer  you  frankly 
as  you  desire. 

I  will  not  attempt  to  excuse  myself,  for  I  deserve  your  anger,  but 
I  will  only  say  that  I  was  myself  deceived  in  my  own  feelings. 
When  I  asked  you  to  marry  me,  I  believed  that  we  were  congenial, 
and  that  I  could  make  you  happy.  I  was  not  rich,  but  had  suffi- 
cient, as  I  thought,  for  comfort,  and  thinking  you  would  be  content 
with  a  moderate  competency,  I  invited  you  to  share  mine.  Closer 
intimacy  has  proved  to  me  my  error.  Your  extravagant  wishes  are 
utterly  beyond  my  means,  and  your  bitter  and  sarcastic  remarks 
upon  those  of  your  friends  who  are  not  wealthy  prove  that  you 
covet  a  life  of  luxury. 

Again,  for  you  ask  for  frankness,  you  have  so  often  pained  me  by 
your  uneven  and  sullen  temper,  that  I  foresee  a  life  of  misery  for 
both  after  marriage. 

I  know  that  honor  binds  me  to  you,  and  therefore  will  not  ask  for 
my  release  if  you  do  not  desire  it,  but  will,  if  we  marry,  endeavor 
faithfully  to  make  you  happy  by  every  means  in  my  power,  yet,  as 
you  demand  the  reasons  for  my  coldness,  1  have  given  them. 

Leaving  our  engagement  entirely  in  your  hands,  I  am, 
Ever  your  friend, 

Stacy  Abbott. 


From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  Desiring  Release  from  an  Engagement, 
No.  67  Pearl  St.,  June  7th,  18 — . 
Dear  Edwin, —  For  in  spite  of  the  painful  nature  of  tkis  letter 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  127 

you  are  as  dear  to  me  as  ever,  I  write  to  ask  you  to  release  me  from 
my  engagement  to  you.  I  know  that  you  will  be  startled  and  angry 
perhaps  at  my  request,  but  read  my  reasons,  and  then,  dearest,  for- 
give me  if  I  have  caused  you  pain. 

You  know  that  for  several  months  my  health  has  been  gradually 
failing,  though  I  have  tried  to  keep  a  smile  for  your  loving  eyes. 
Yesterday  there  was  a  consultation  between  our  family  physician 
and  two  of  our  most  eminent  doctors,  and  the  result  was  that  I  was 
pronounced  an  incurable  invalid,  from  a  deeply  settled  spine  dis- 
ease. 

My  darling,  I  love  you  too  dearly  now  to  marry  you.  I  cannot 
burden  your  young  vigorous  life  with  a  wife  whose  sufferings  must 
increase,  lasting  perhaps  for  years,  and  which  can  never  end  till  the 
grave  ends  all  human  pain.  I  have  wept  and  prayed  over  my  decis- 
ion, and  write  with  a  breaking  heart,  but  it  is  unalterable. 

May  God  bless  you,  my  own,  and  grant  that  another  love  may 
comfort  you  for  the  loss  of  one  who  will  be 

Your's  till  death, 

Stella  Creming. 
Edwin  Bubbill,  Esq.  

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Requesting  a  Lock  of  Hair- 
No.  15  Ellis  St.,  March  14th,  18—. 
Dear  Nellie, — I  come  before  you  this  morning  in  the  character 
of  a  beggar.  Do  you  know,  darling,  that  although  we  have  been 
engaged  for  nearly  three  months,  you  have  never  given  me  the 
weest  trifle  of  a  keepsake.  I  have  waited  patiently  for  your  own 
generosity  to  prompt  the  offering,  but  since  you  are  such  a  stingy 
little  pet  that  you  will  not  do  so,  I  venture  to  beg  a  gift.  It  must 
be  of  gold,  darling,  the  golden  threads  that  cluster  so  lovingly 
round  your  fingers  when  you  twist  them  into  the  shining  curls  thai 
fall  so  profusely  round  your  throat.  Out  of  your  wealth  you  can 
surely  spare  me  one  little  curl,  to  keep  in  remembrance  of  you  when 
1  am  far  away,  for  even  the  next  street  seems  a  hundred  miles  off 
after  leaving  you. 

Hoping  to  find  my  love-token  ready  for  me  this  evening, 
I  am,  Nellie  dear, 

Ever  faithfully  your's, 

Aarox. 

l£its  Helen  Egbert. 


128  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Requesting  her  Photograph. 

No.  287 St.,  Dec.  1st,  IS—. 

Dear  Josephine, — Do  you  remember  about  a  month  ago  prom- 
ising me  that  if  I  would  give  it  the  first  place  in  my  album,  you 
would  give  me  your  photograph  1  I  promised  and  have  faithfully 
kept  the  page  blank,  but  my  picture  does  not  come.  Have  you 
repented  of  your  generosity,  or  have  other  friends  appropriated  all 
that  pile  of  cards  you  showed  me  1  You  cannot  escape  on  the 
ground  of  poverty,  for  I  know  that  your  last  sitting  was  a  complete 
success,  and  have  a  great  desire  to  own  one  of  those  exquisite  pro- 
files that  you  tantalize  me  by  withholding. 

Do,  my  dear  Josey,  send  me  at  once  the  promised  picture,  that  it 
may  comfort  me  for  absence  from  your  presence. 

Your's  most  affectionately, 

Karl. 

Miss  Josephine  Duke.  

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Requesting  Permission  to  call. 

No.  1822  C St.,  Jan.  11th  18—. 

Miss  Victoria  Davidson, — Having  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting 
you  once  at  the  house  of  our  mutual  friend,  Mrs.  Bowen,  I  venture 
to  write  to  request  permission  to  call  upon  you  at  your  own  resi- 
dence. I  have  been  but  a  short  time  a  resident  in  this  city,  but 
your  father  will,  I  think,  remember  Mr.  Martin  Krider,  of  Chicago, 
who  is  my  uncle. 

Trusting  that  you  will  pardon  the  liberty  I  am  taking,  and  grant 
me  a  position  among  your  gentlemen  acquaintances,  I  am, 

Very  respectfully, 
H.  T.  Krider. 

Favorable  Reply  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  29 St.,  Jan  12th,  18—. 

H.  T.  Krider,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — It  will  give  me  much  pleasure  to  see  you  at  our  resi- 
dence, and  my  father  desires  me  to  state  that  his  recollection  of  your 
Uncle  makes  him  very  desirous  of  shaking  hands  with  the  nephew. 

Your's  truly, 

V.  Davidsok. 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  129 

Unfavorable  Eeply. 

No.  29 St.,  Jan.  12th,  18—. 

Miss  Victoria  Davidson,  making  it  a  rule  to  receive  only  such 
gentlemen  as  are  introduced  to  her  by  her  parents,  must  decline  the 
honor  of  Mr.  Krider's  visits. 

H.  T.  Kjiideb  Esq. 

From  an  Ardent  Lover  to  a  Lady. 

No.  648 St.,  May  16th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  Lockman, — I  write  to  you  because  the  burning 
love  which  consumes  my  heart  must  find  some  expression.  In  your 
presence  I  am  dumb,  not  daring  to  pour  out  to  you  the  ardent 
devotion  which  consumes  me.  I  fear  that  oftentimes  you  have 
thought  me  stupid  and  dull,  while  I  was  only  intoxicated  with  your 
loveliness,  and  listening  with  eager  delight  to  the  music  of  your 
matchless  voice. 

That  I  love  you  with  all  the  ardor  and  devotion  of  a  first  true 
love,  I  think  you  must  have  seen,  but  I  pine  for  a  smile  to  bid  me 
hope,  a  word  of  encouragement  to  save  me  from  despair. 

Will  you  grant  thatlmile  1  Will  you  speak  that  word  %  I  anx- 
iously await  your  answer. 

Devotedly  your's, 

Edmund  Hazletoh* 
Miss  Augusta  Lockman. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Seeking  to  Renew  a  Ruptured  Engage- 
ment 

No.  2,000  R St.,  July  13th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  Jordan, — Although  for  nine  long  months  I  have 
not  ventured  to  write  to  you,  or  ask  you  to  reconsider  the  hard 
decision  that  drove  me  from  your  presence,  I  feel  that  every  day 
increases  the  love  that  I  have  ever  felt  for  you. 

I  was  too  deeply  conscious  of  the  justice  of  your  sentence  to  seek 
to  alter  your  resolution,  but  since  losing  you,  I  have  endeavored 
faithfully  to  amend  the  errors  which  displeased  you.  I  feel  that 
having  so  long  successfully  resisted  the  temptations  to  return  to  my 
old  course  of  conduct,  I  may  venture  to  promise  you  complete 
reformation,  and  to  entreat  you  to  restore  me  to  my  old  place  in 
your  favor. 


130  LETTERS  OF  LOYE. 

You  loved  me  once,  my  Alice ;  your  own  sweet  voice  carried  the 
musical  confession  to  my  inmost  heart.  Did  my  folly  kill  your  love, 
or  will  it  come  again  to  your  heart  1 

Trust  me  again,  and  you  will  never  have  cause  to  repent  it.     My 
whole  life  will^e  one  desire  to  deserve  your  forgiveness  and  affec- 
tion, 
i    Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon,  I  am, 

Unchangeably  your's, 

Percival  Shoremak. 

MiS8  AlJCE  JOBDAN. 

Favorable  Keply  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  38  B St.,  July  13th,  18—. 

Dear  Percival, — Your  letter  has  proved  to  me  how  vain  hava 

been  all  my  efforts  to  tear  your  image  from  my  heart.     Gladly  do 

I  believe  that  you  are  again  the  honorable,  noble  man  to  whom  I 

gave  my  affections,  and,  so  believing,  welcome  you  back  again. 

I  shall  be  at  home  this  evening,  and  hope  to  see  you. 

As  of  old,  dear  Percy,  I  am, 

Your's  faithfully, 

Alice. 
Pebcital  Shobeman,  Esq.      

Unfavorable  Reply. 

No.  38  B St.,  Jan  13th,  18—. 

Miss  Jordan  regrets  to  assure  Mr.  Shoreman  that  his  conduct 
previous  to  the  rupture  of  their  engagement  was  such  as  to  totally 
destroy  all  her  affection  and  respect  for  him.  Miss  Jordan  cannot 
again  trust  her  happiness  to  one  who  so  flagrantly  violated  his  first 
promises  to  her. 
Pebcival  Shobeman,  Esq. 

."<~j  .  ^< — »■■"* 

From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  making'  a  Declaration  of  Love. 

No.  23  Price  ST.^lay  26th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Miss  Mitllins, — Will  you  permit  me  to  express  to  you 
the  deep  respect  and  esteem  which  I  feel  for  you,  and  let  me  ven- 
ture to  hope  that  you  will  allow  me  to  call  my  feeling  by  even  a 
warmer  name  1  From  the  day  when  I  first  had  the  pleasure  of 
Mieeting  you3  your  image  has  been  ever  present  with  me,  and  from 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  131 

friendship  I  have  grown  to  feel  the  most  ardent  love  for  you.  Have 
you  suspected  the  depth  of  my  attachment  1  Let  me  hope  that 
you  have  seen,  and  do  not  resent  it.  You  must  have  read  something 
of  my  heart  during  my  numerous  visits,  and  this  leads  me  to  hope 
that  you  will  not  utterly  discard  my  petition. 

I  love  you  sincerely  and  fervently ;  may  I  hope  for  a  return  of 
my  affection. 

Your's  in  anxious  suspense, 

Everett  Garretson. 

Miss  COBDELIA  MUULINS.  

Reply  Stating  the  Lady's  Engagement  to  another. 

No.  16  Reed  St.,  May  26th,  18—. 

Everett  Garretson,  Esq., — It  has  been,  my  dear  friend,  with 
no  desire  to  coquet  with  you  or  in  any  way  deceive  you,  that  I  have 
encouraged  your  visits,  but  because  I  supposed  you  were  fully 
aware  of  my  engagement  to  Lieut.  Stanhope,  now  absent  on  duty 
in  the  Navy. 

My  vanity  was  not  so  great  as  to  lead  me  to  suppose  your  visits 
were  endangering  your  peace  of  mind ;  and  enjoying  your  friendship, 
I  was  happy  to  receive  you. 

Your  letter  has  grieved  me,  because  I  know  that  the  love  of  an 
honorable  man  is  too  precious  an  offering  to  be  trifled  with,  but  my 
answer  must  lie  in  the  words,  that  my  whole  heart  belongs  to  my 
betrothed. 

Deeply  regretting  that  I  have  caused  you  pain, 

I  am  ever  your  friend, 

C.  Mullins. 
Evebett  Gakketson,  Esq.     

From  an  Absent  Lover  Complaining  of  a  Scarcity  of  Letters. 

Atlanta,  Feb.  9th,  18 — . 

Dear  Bessie,— Mail  after  mail  finds  me  waiting  at  the  post-office 
to  hear  the  same  weary  answer  to  my  demand,  "  No  letters  ft* 
Oliver  Williamson,"  or  if  I  receive  one,  it  is  not  the  dainty  envelope 
and  clear  pretty  address  for  which  I  am  ever  watching  so  earnestly. 
I  have  had  but  two  letters  from  you  since  I  came  here  in  December, 
although  you  cannot  complain  that  I  do  not  send  you  enough  to 
aoswer. 

V&Y  is  tttis,  Bessie  1    Your  statement  that  you  write  stupid  letters 


132  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

seems  to  me  childish.  Your  letters  are  never  stupid  to  me,  and  1 
long  for  some  token  of  your  affection,  some  knowledge  of  your  life, 
some  glimpses  of  the  heart  you  assure  me  is  mine. 

Write  to  me  then,  my  darling,  often  and  freely.     Your  letters  will 
make  my  long  absence  endurable,  and  take  away  something  from 
the  bitterness  of  separation. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  by  return  of  mail, 

I  am  ever,  dear  Bessie, 

Your  loving 

Outer. 

Miss  Bessie  Kingman. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  Apologizing  for  Absence- 

No.  22 St.,  Dec.  25th,  18—. 

Dear  Thomasine, — My  disappointment  is  very  great  at  being 
absent  from  your  Christmas  gathering  to-day.  I  was  all  ready  to 
start,  and  indeed  had  one  glove  on,  when  my  father  was  taken  so 
alarmingly  ill  that  we  were  all  afraid  of  his  sudden  death.  I  ran 
for  the  doctor,  who  pronounced  him  in  a  fit  of  apoplexy,  and  for 
hours  we  hung  over  him,  using  every  means  to  restore  conscious- 
ness, but  not  until  late  this  evening,  after  eleven  o'clock,  did  he 
seem  out  of  danger. 

He  is  now  in  a  natural  sleep,  and  I  snatch  this  moment  to  write- 
you,  before  returning  to  my  place  at  his  bedside.  You  know  how 
nervous  and  timid  my  sister  is,  and  I  cannot  leave  her  alone  with 
father  without  positive  cruelty. 

As  soon  as  I  can  leave  with  safety,  I  will  see  you.  Pray  present 
my  regrets  to  your  parents,  that  I  was  not  able  to  honor  their  kind 
invitation. 

And  believe  me,  dearest, 

Your's  ever, 

Dio  Nottingham. 
Hiss  Thomasine  Levis. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  upon  hearing  of  her  Illness. 

No.  16  M St.,  Jan.  5th,  18—. 

Dear  Nita, — I  was  deeply  grieved  last  evening  upon  calling  at 
your  house,  to  hear  of  your  sudden  illness,  and  to  see  by  your 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  138 

mother's  face  that  it  was  of  so  serious  a  nature.  I  have  been 
unable  to  close  my  eyes  all  night,  thinking  of  your  suffering,  and 
trying  to  devise  some  means  for  your  relief.  I  wish  I  was  a  physi- 
cian, love,  for  then  you  would  have  the  most  devoted  professional 
attendance. 

Are  you  better  to-day  1  I  trust  you  are,  and  that  you  will  soon 
be  well  again.  Every  hour  is  a  year  while  we  are  separated,  and  I 
know  you  are  ill. 

I  am  sure  that  you  have  every  care  and  attention,  yet  I  long  to  be 
of  some  use.  Cannot  I  get  something  for  you,  darling  1  Will  they 
let  you  have  fruit,  flowers,  books,  anything  1  Command  me  and  let 
me  feel  that  I  am  of  some  use  to  you. 

Longing  to  see  you  again,  I  am, 

Most  lovingly  ever, 

Carrol. 

Hiss  NlTA  FoWIiEB. 


From  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady,  after  Heavy  Business  Losses,  Offering  to 
Belease  her  from  an  Engagement 

No.  215  L St.,  July  16th,  18—. 

Mr  Dear  Josepha, — I  do  not  know  whether  the  news  of  my 
misfortune  has  yet  reached  you,  or  whether  it  must  be  my  task  to 
inform  you  of  my  troubles.  The  failure  of  a  New  York  house  has 
so  involved  our  firm,  that  where  yesterday  I  thought  myself  wealthy, 
to-day  I  find  I  am  ruined. 

It  is  a  bitter  blow  to  me,  but  its  heaviest  pang  consists  in  the  fact 
that  I  must  in  honor  release  you  from  your  engagement.  I  had 
hoped  to  give  you  a  home  adorned  by  every  luxury  wealth,  directed 
by  a  loving  hand,  could  place  within  the  walls,  but  I  must  now  find 
a  clerkship  and  commence  again  the  race  for  fortune. 

I  will  not  urge  you  to  share  this  struggle.  You  have  been 
delicately  reared  and  accustomed  to  the  refinements  of  life,  and  1 
cannot  ask  you  to  submit  to  the  privations  my  wife  must  endure. 

I  have  loved  you  with  entire  devotion,  but  fearing  that  I  cannot 
make  you  happy  with  my  changed  fortunes,  I  give  you  your  fre*» 
dom. 

Your's  very  truly, 

Elliot  Deanb. 
Hiss  Josepha  Atwood. 


134  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

Reply  Accepting  the  Offer,  and  Returning  Engagement  Ring. 

No.  64  T St.,  July  16th,  18—. 

Elliot  Deane,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  generous  letter  has  just  reached  me,  and  with  a 
sad  heart  I  accept  your  release  from  our  engagement.  Believe  me, 
that  it  is  not  the  mere  loss  of  fortune  that  influences  me,  but  the  fact 
that  I  feel  I  could  not  be  the  help-mate  you  would  now  require. 

As  you  say,  I  have  been  delicately  reared,  and  my  total  ignorance 
of  the  details  of  housework,  sewing  or  any  useful  accomplishment 
would  make  me  a  helpless  burden  upon  your  hands,  unable  to  as- 
sist you  in  any  way. 

I  return  to  you  the  diamond  ring  with  which  you  bound  me  to 
you,  and  subscribe  myself, 

Ever  your  faithful  friend, 
Josepha  Atwood. 

Reply  Declining  the  Offer. 

No.  64  T St.,  July  16th,  18—. 

Dear,  Dear  Elliot, — Why  did  you  not  come  to  me  at  once,  sir, 
instead  of  writing  me  such  a  dignified  letter.  Do  you  suppose  for 
one  moment  that  it  was  your  fortune  that  made  you  dear  to  me,  or 
that  the  loss  of  that  could  detract  from  my  love  1  You  wrong  me 
by  writing  such  lines. 

It  is  true  that  we  must  be  very  prudent  and  wait  somewhat  longer 
than  we  at  first  intended,  before  our  wedding  day,  for  while  you  are 
clerking  (is  that  it  7)  I  mean  to  study  housework  and  the  mysteries 
of  needlework. 

It  is  true  that  I  have  been  educated  for  a  useless  fine  lady,  but  I 
flatter  myself  that  the  same  fingers  that  can  thread  the  intricacies 
of  Chopin  and  Herz,  can  learn  to  manufacture  bread  and  pies ;  I 
am  convinced  that  a  broom  is  not  more  difficult  to  manage  than  & 
horse,  and  if  I  must  learn  to  economize  in  dress,  I  mean  to  be  inde- 
pendent of  milliners  and  dressmakers. 

Come  to  me,  Elliot,  and  let  me  try  to  comfort  you  somewhat  for 

your  loss.     Do  not  think  I  make  light  of  your  misfortunes,  but  trust 

that,  ki  prosperity  or  adversity, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  faithfully, 

Josepha, 
Eixiot  Deane,  Esq. 


LETTERS  OF  LOVE.  135 

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  accusing  him  of  Inconstancy  and  de- 
manding the  return  of  her  Letters- 
No.  432  L St.,  May  6th,  18—. 

Roland  Sweetzer,  Esq.  : 

Sir, — I  was  both  shocked  and  surprised  yesterday  at  seeing  a 
letter  from  you  to  Miss  Carey,  written  within  the  past  week,  and 
making  the  most  ardent  protestations  of  undying  love. 

Since  it  is  utterly  impossible  that  you  can  desire  to  fulfill  your 
engagement  to  me  with  such  sentiments  in  your  heart  for  another,  1 
return  to  you  your  gifts  and  letters,  and  release  you  from  your 
bondage. 

I  shall  require  of  you  to  return  my  ring,  and  the  letters  written 
in  the  belief  that  you  were  constant. 

Stephena  Atkins. 

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  upon  hearing  of  his  Illness 

No.  26  G St.,  Jan.  21st,  18—. 

Dear  Authur, — I  have  been  very  anxious  for  the  past  three  days 
at  your  strange  absence,  and  to-day  your  mother  writes  me  the  cause. 
I  cannot  tell  you  how  sorry  I  am  that  it  has  been  illness  that  has 
kept  you  from  me,  but  hope  from  the  tenor  of  your  mother's  note 
that  you  are  now  on  the  road  to  recovery. 

You  send  word  that  you  will  come  to  me  as  soon  as  you  are  able 
to  stand.  I  positively  forbid  you  to  be  guilty  of  any  such  impru- 
dence. Pneumonia  is  not  to  be  trifled  with,  and  my  desire  to  see 
you  is  entirely  subordinate  to  my  desire  for  your  perfect  restoration 
to  health. 

Be  prudent,  dear  Authur,  for  my  sake,  and  do  not  venture  into 
this  cold  January  air  until  you  are  entirely  well.  I  shall  then  hope 
to  see  you. 

In  the  meantime  I  will  write  to  you,  and  when  you  are  able  wiE 
be  glad  to  see  your  handwriting. 

Lovingly  ever, 

Lottie  Burgess. 
Authttb  T.  Holmes,  Esq.       

From  a  Lady  to  a  Gentleman  demanding  the  return  of  a  Photograph 
taken  from  her  Album. 

No.  18  K St.,  July  6th,  18—. 

T.  G.  Watmough,  Esq. : 
Sir, — Upon  looking  over  my  photograph  album  this  morning,  I 


136  LETTERS  OF  LOVE. 

find  that  my  picture  is  gone.  I  am  positive  it  was  there  when  you 
had  the  book  last  evening,  and  no  one  has  since  had  it  but  myself; 
as  I  took  it  to  my  room  after  you  left. 

I  am  surprised  that  a  gentlemen  should  be  guilty  of  so  great  a 
rudeness,  to  use  no  harsher  word,  as  to  appropriate,  without  permis- 
Bion,  what  he  is  quite  sure  would  have  been  refused  to  him,  and 
demand  from  you  the  return  of  my  property. 

Ella  Rogers. 

Letter  from  a  Gentleman  to  a  Lady  asking  for  an  Interview  upon  net 
Recovery  from  a  Severe  Illness  and  Declaring  his  Love. 

No.  476  R St.,  Oct  3d,  18—. 

Miss  Violet  Lincoln, — Having  heard  the  happy  tidings  of  your 
recovery  from  your  late  severe  illness,  I  write  to  beg  that  you  will 
grant  me  an  interview. 

The  agony  which  I  suffered  whilst  you  were  in  danger,  has  opened 
my  eyes  to  the  depth  of  my  affection  for  you,  and  ray  fear  that  I 
should  never  see  you  again,  proved  what  a  weary  blank  life  would 
be  to  me,  deprived  of  your  presence. 

Will  you  let  me  see  you  and  plead  for  your  love,  the  greatest  boon 
that  I  can  receive  on  earth. 

I  love  you  sincerely  and  devotedly,  and  if  you  can  retun    my 
affection,  your  happiness  shall  be  the  study  of  my  life. 
Anxiously  awaiting  your  reply, 

I  am,  my  dear  friend, 

Tour's  devotedly, 

Stephen  R.  Pabkj   p. 


2T0TBS  OP  INY1TATJON.  137 


NOTES  OF  INVITATION 


Notes  of  Invitation  to  a  large  company  are  invariably  written 
and  answered  in  the  third  person,  and  admit  of  but  one  form. 

Among  friends,  however,  an  easier  style  may  be  adopted. 

Invitations  must  be  written  upon  a  whole  sheet  of  small  note 
paper,  but  good  taste  forbids  any  decoration  except  the  initial  or 
monogram  initials  at  the  head  of  the  sheet,  and  on  the  envelope. 
They  should  be  sent  for  large  gatherings  at  least  a  week  before  the 
time  appointed  for  the  party,  that,  if  necessary,  a  suitable  dress 
may  be  obtained.  For  a  costume  ball  or  masquerade,  two  weeks 
is  the  usual  time  allowed  for  preparation. 

Send  invitations,  when  to  parties  in  your  own  city  or  neighbor- 
hood, by  your  own  messenger,  as  it  is  a  gross  violation  of  etiquette 
to  send  them  by  mail. 

Wedding  etiquette  varies  so  frequently  with  regard  to  invitations 
and  cards  that  it  is  useless  to  attempt  to  state  a  rule.  The  usual 
form  at  the  present  day  is  however  given. 


Invitation  to  Bide. 

Mr.  Waterbury  presents  his  compliments  to  Miss  Dawson,  and 
would  be  much  pleased  if  she  will  accompany  him  in  a  drive  to 
Pine  Hills,  this  afternoon  at  4  o'clock. 

No.  37  E.  23d  St.,  June  26th,  18—. 


Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

Miss  Dawson  regrets  that  an  important  engagement  will  prevent 
her  accepting  Mr.  Waterbury's  kind  invitation  for  this  afternoon. 
No.  23  L St.,  June  26th,  18—. 


138  NOTES  OF  INVITATION*  '' 

Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 
Miss  Dawson's  compliments  to  Mr.  Waterbury ;  she  accepts  with 
pleasure  his  kind  invitation  for  this  afternoon. 
No.  23  L St.,  June  26th,  18—. 


Invitation  to  an  Evening  Party. 

Mrs.  Harmon's  kind  regards  to  Misses  Lucy  and  Emily  Gillet,  and 
requests  the  pleasure  of  their  company  on  Thursday  evening  (Jan. 
22d)  at  8  o'clock. 

247  T St.,  Jan.  15th,  18—. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 
Misses  Lucy  and  Emily  Gillet's  compliments  to  Mrs.  Harmon ; 
they  accept  with  pleasure  her  kind  invitation  for  Thursday  evening. 
No.  46  E St.,  Jan.  17th,  18—. 


Answer  Declining  the  Livitation. 

Misses  Lucy  and  Emily  Gillet  present  their  kind  regards  to  Mrs. 
Harmon.  They  regret  that  the  illness  of  their  little  brother  with 
scarlet  fever  will  prevent  their  accepting  any  invitations  until  all 
danger  from  contagion  is  over. 

No.  46  E St.,  Jan  17th,  18—. 


Invitation  to  a  Dinner  Party.: 

Mr.  Austin  presents  his  warm  regards  to  Mr.  Hewler,  and 
requests  the  pleasure  of  his  company  to  dinner  on  Tuesday  next 
(19th),  at  5  o'clock.  Mr.  Austin  expects  th^  pleasure  of  also 
receiving  Mr.  Colburn,  of  Chicago. 

The  favor  of  an  answer  is  requested. 

No.  937  P St.,  Jan.  15th,  18—. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 
Mr.  Hewler  presents  his  kind  regards  to  Mr.  Austin,  and  accepts 
with  pleasure  his  polite  invitation  for  Tuesday  next. 
No.  14  Q St.,  Jan.  16th,  18—. 


NOTES  OF  INVITATION.  139 

Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

Mr.  Hewler  regrets  that  a  severely-sprained  ankle  will  prevent 
his  accepting  Mr.  Austin's  polite  invitation  for  to-morrow.  Mr. 
Hewler  delayed  answering  until  to-day,  hoping  to  be  sufficiently 
recovered  to  accept,  but  his  physician  forbids  him.  to  move. 

No.  14  Q, St.,  Jan.  18th,  18-. 


Invitation  to  a  Pic-nic. 

No.  68  V St.,  June  21st,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Sacrider, — Dr.  Westgate  and  myself  are  endea- 
voring to  make  up  a  party  to  pass  the  day  at  Silver  Spring  on 
Wednesday  next  (26th).  We  should  be  very  glad  if  you  and  your 
family  would  join  the  company  at  our  house  on  that  morning,  at  7 
o'clock,  where  the  omnibuses  will  call  for  us. 

As  the  "refreshments"  are  to  be  provided  by  general  contribu- 
tion, we  will  tax  you  for  half  a  dozen  of  your  splendid  pies. 
An  early  answer  will  oblige  us. 

Your's  very  sincerely, 

T.  A.  Westgate. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 

No.  23  M St.,  June  22d,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Westgate, — Was  it  upon  the  principle  of  the 
"more  the  merrier,"  that  you  invited  my  family  to  your  pic-nic  on 
Wednesday  1  I  accept  with  pleasure  for  Louisa,  Harry  and  myself, 
and  Mr.  Sacrider  will  try  to  ride  out  in  the  afternoon  to  join  us. 

Permit  me  to  add  two  loaves  of  cake  to  the  pies,  and  our  cherries 
being  nearly  ripe,  I  think  I  can  promise  a  half  bushel  of  them. 
Your's  very  truly, 

C.  Sacrider. 


Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

No.  23  M St.,  June  22d,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Westgate, — Mr.  Sacrider,  Mary,  Harry  and  my- 
self start  (D.  V.*)  for  Niagara  on  Monday  morning,  so  cannot  accept 
your  polite  invitation  for  Wednesday.     If  you  will  accept  a  basket 

*  Deo  Volente— God  Willing. 


140  VOTES  OF  INVITATIOX. 

of  cherries  as  a  slight  addition  to  your  refreshments,  I  will  direct 
John  to  leave  them  at  your  house  on  Tuesday  evening. 
Hoping  that  you  will  spend  a  very  pleasant  day, 

I  am  your's  very  truly, 
C.  Sacrideb. 

Invitation  to  a  Wedding. 

Casds. 


for.  mtir  lira,  W.  %  fflrfmwr. 


Miss  Ada  Landon. 


Invitation. 


Prs.  ifc  gfi  gnrtnm, 

-4*  JTome,  Thursday  Eve'ng,  Dec.  3d,  from  7  till  9  o'clock. 


87  S.  18th  Stbeet. 


Familiar  Invitation  to  a  Wedding. 

No.  37  S.  18th  St.,  Dec.  1st,  18—. 
Dear  Mabia, — I  have  issued  but  very  few  invitations  for  dear 


NOTES  OF  INVITATION.  141 

Ada's  wedding,  as  we  desire  it  to  be  almost  entirely  private ;  but 

the  presence  of  a  few  dear  friends  will  give  ns  all  pleasure.     May 

we  count  you  among  those  few  1     The  ceremony  will  be  at  seven 

o'clock  on  Wednesday  evening  next  (Dec.  3d),  and  at  eight  we  will 

receive  our  friends  generally.    Hoping  to  see  you  early, 

I  am, 

Your's  affectionately, 

A.  C.  Landon. 
Mrs.  M.  R.  Buckley. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 

No.  468  S.  14th  St.,  Dec.  1st,  18—. 

My  Dear  Arabella, — I  accept  with  great  pleasure  your  kind 

invitation  to  Ada's  wedding,  and  will  be  punctual.     Give  her  my 

kindest  love  and  best  wishes.     I  need  not  assure  you,  dear  friend, 

that  from  my  heart  I  pray  that  she  may  be  very  happy  in  her  new 

life,  and  that  God  will  bless  her  and  her  noble  husband. 

With  warmest  affection, 

I  am  ever  your  friend, 

Maria  Buckley. 
Mrs.  G.  R.  Landon. 


Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

No.  468  S.  14th  St.,  Dec.  1st,  18—. 
My  Dear  Arabella, — My  recent  bereavement  must  plead  my 
excuse  for  declining  your  kind  invitation  to  Ada's  wedding.    I  would 
not  cloud  her  joy  for  one  second  by  the  sight  of  my  heavy  mourn- 
ing, and  I  cannot  lay  it  aside  for  even  an  hour  with  my  heart  so  sad. 
But  I  trust  that  you  will  believe  that  my  most  sincere  good  wishes 
are  with  your  daughter,  and  that  from  my  heart  I  desire  God's  bless- 
ing upon  herself  and  her  husband. 
With  kindest  love  to  yourself  and  Ada, 

I  am,  as  ever,  dear  friend, 

Your's  lovingly, 

Maria  Buckley. 
Mrs.  G.  R.  Landon. 


Invitation  to  make  a  Summer  Visit 

Cedar  Grove,  May  22d,  18 — . 
Dbar  Susie, — Summer  will  soon  be  here,  and  already  everything 


142  NOTES  OF  INVITATION. 

here  is  in  its  prettiest  robe  of  green ;  crimson  and  white,  blue,  pink 
and  purple  forming  the  decorations.  Our  strawberries  are  tinging 
with  sanguinary  hue,  our  cherries  begin  to  show  signs  of  coming 
to  perfection ;  the  horses  are  all  ready  for  any  number  of  rides 
and  drives,  the  neighbors  open  hospitable  doors,  and  but  one  thing, 
.dear  Sue,  is  wanting  to  make  our  summer  delightful.  You  only  can 
grant  this,  for  it  is  your  presence  we  desire. 

Can  you  come  soon  and  stay  all  summer  1  "We  will  do  every- 
thing in  our  power  to  make  you  comfortable,  and  you  know  you 
will  meet  a  warm  welcome. 

Write  me  by  what  train  we  may  expect  you,  and  I  will  drive  over 
to  the  depot  to  meet  you. 

I  will  not  write  you  the  news,  but  save  it  all  for  our  first  long  chat, 

Lovmgly  ever,  dear  Susie, 

Nettie. 
Miss  Susan  T.  Wobsley.         

Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation- 
Bo  ston,  May,  27th,  18—. 
Dear  Nettie, — I  delayed  answering  your  kind  letter  until  to-day, 
that  I  might  set  a  time  for  my  journey.     You  know  that  I  have 
looked  forward  all  winter  to  our  summer  together,  and  how  gladly 
I  accept  your  invitation. 

I  shall  leave  here  in  the  5  A.  m.  train  on  Wednesday  the  7th  of 
June  CD.  V.),  and  if  you  will  be  at  the  depot  at  about  3  p.  m.  you 
will  probably  see  the  face  of 

Your  loving  friend, 

Spsie. 
Miss  Antoinette  Hitohens. 


Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

Boston,  May  25th,  18 — . 

Dear  Nettie, — Your  kind  invitation  reached  me  in  due  season, 
and  I  waited  until  to-day  to  answer  it,  hoping  that  I  could  arrange 
to  see  you,  if  only  for  a  few  days.  I  find,  however,  that  this  will  be 
impossible. 

Uncle  Walter  has  invited  me  to  go  with  Cousin  Alicia  and  himself 
upon  a  trip  that  will  take  six  weeks,  and  I  had  accepted  previous  to 
receiving  your  kind  letter.  After  I  return  I  must  assume  house- 
keeping duties  to  release  mother  for  a  visit  to  Framinghana,  and 


NOTES  OF  INVITATION.  143 

school  will  claim  me  again  in  September,  so  you  see  I  cannot  visit 

Cedar  Grove  this  vacation. 

If  you  are  not  afraid  of  city  heat  I  should  be  very  glad  to  have 

you  pay  me  a  visit  when  I  return  home  in  July.     I  think  we  can 

find  means  to  pass  the  time  pleasantly,  and  I  shall  be  very,  very 

glad  to  see  you. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  loving  friend, 

Susie. 
Miss  Antoinette  Hitchens. 

Invitation  to  Walk- 
No.  34  G St.,  June  5th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  '  Etta, — I  find  I  shall  have  leisure  this  afternoon 
to  accept  your  challenge  for  a  walk  to  Carey's  Crag.  Can  I  have 
the  pleasure  of  your  society  for  so  long  a  journey  1  If  you  are  at 
liberty,  I  will  call  for  you  at  three  o'clock. 

Your's  very  truly, 

Evan  Norton. 
Miss  Etta  Cablton. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation, 

No.  16  B St.,  June  5th,  18—. 

Mt  Dear  Mb.  Norton, — When  you  call  at  three  o'clock  you  wul 

find  me  booted  and  capped  for  our  long  walk.    You  remember 

you  are  to  be  tired  first. 

Your's  truly, 

Etta  Carlton. 
Evan  Noeton,  Esq.  

Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

No.  16  B St.,  June  5th,  18 — . 

Mt  Dear  Mr.  Norton, — I  am  very  sorrow  that  a  promised  visit 
from  my  friend  Miss  Morrison  will  keep  me  at  home  this  afternoon. 
Had  I  known  of  your  leisure  time  I  should  have  invited  her  for  to* 
morrow,  but  hope  now  that  you  will  abandon  your  proposed  walk, 
and  join  us  at  tea. 

Your's  truly, 

Etta  Carlton. 

E>^J  NORTON,  Esq. 


144  NOTES  OF  INVITATION-. 

Invitation  to  a  Fancy  Ball. 

Mrs.  Stuyvesant's  compliments  to  Mr.  and  Miss  Morley,  and  re- 
quests the  pleasure  of  their  company  on  Thursday  evening,  the  31st 
inst.  at  8  o'clock.    All  guests  are  requested  to  attend  in  costume. 

Dancing. 
No.  54  K St.,  Jan.  17th,  18—. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Invitation. 
Mr.  and  Miss  Morley  accept  with  pleasure  Mrs.  Stuyvesant's  po- 
lite invitation  for  Thursday,  the  31st  inst. 
No.  16  P St.,  Jan.  18th,  18—. 


Answer  Declining  the  Invitation. 

Mr.  and  Miss  Morley  regret  that  the  recent  death  of  a  near 
relative  will  prevent  their  accepting  any  invitations  for  the  presenS 
season. 

N«.  16  P St,  Jan.  18th,  18th,  18-. 


NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS.  145 


NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS. 


Notes  accompanying  gifts  and  their  answers  are  usually  written 
in  the  third  person,  and  very  short. 

Exceptions  are  made,  however,  where  the  parties  are  relatives  or 
friends  of  long  standing,  when  a  more  familiar  note  may  be  written. 

Never  return  a  gift  too  soon ;  it  will  appear  as  if  you  were  anxious 
to  be  rid  of  an  obligation. 

Accompanying  a  "Wedding  Gift  of  a  Bracelet 

No.  34  A St.,  Jan.  4th,  18—. 

Miss  Mary  Linden  sends  her  kindest  love  and  best  wishes  to  Miss 
Annie  Clarke,  and  begs  that  she  will  accept  the  accompanying  trifle 
as  a  token  of  her  affection  and  sincere  desire  for  her  future  happi- 
ness.   

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  706  Z St.,  Jan.  5th,  18—. 

Miss  Annie  Clarke  presents  her  sincere  thanks  to  Miss  Mary 
Ianden  for  the  exquisite  token  of  her  affection,  and  her  kind  wishes. 


Accompanying  a  Christening  Gift  of  a  Silver  Cup. 

No.  48  B St.,  March  6th,  18—. 

Will  dear  little  Harry  accept  the  accompanying  trifle  from  his 
affectionate  god-father  1 

Henkt  Dicidus. 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  609  Y St.,  March  6th,  18—. 

Harry's  mamma  appoints  herself  the  committee  to  thank  Mr. 
Decidus  for  his  beautiful  gift  to  his  little  god-child. 
10 


146  NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS, 

Accompanying  a  Bouquet  of  Flowers  to  a  Lady. 

No.  56  D St.,  Feb.  7th,  18—. 

Will  Miss  Montfort  honor  Mr.  Mills  by  carrying  the  accompany- 
ing flowers  to  the  opera  this  evening  7 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  302  W St.,  Feb.  7th,  18—. 

Miss  Montfort's  compliments  and  thanks  to  Mr.  Mills.  His  taste- 
ful offering  will  be  a  welcome  addition  to  her  toilet  for  this 
evening. 

Accompanying  a  Betrothal  Gift  of  a  Ring. 

No.  64  E St.,  July  20th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Adela, — Will  you  accept  and  wear  the  accompanying 

ring  as  a  pledge  of  the  undying  love  of 

Tour's  faithfully, 

Frit*. 
Mj ss  Adela  Lambebt. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  2  F St.,  July  20th,  1&— . 

Dear  Fritz, — Your  valuable  gift  will  be  doubly  precious  to  me 
as  a  token  of  your  love.  It  shall  remain  upon  my  finger  as  a  sweet 
memorial  of  you. 

Your's  truly, 

Adela. 
_Tbitz  Bites,  Esq.  

Accompanying  a  Book  sent  by  the  Author. 

Maple  Grove,  May  7th,  18 — . 
Will  Miss  Miller  accept  the  accompanying  volume,  as  a  token  of 
the  high  esteem  and  regard  of  the  author  1 

J.  C.  Hazelhitrst. 

Miss  E.  Mtt.t/fb. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

No.  16  W St.,  May  8th,  18—. 

Miss  Miller  presents  her  regards  to  Mr.  Hazelhurst,  and  accepts 
his  flattering  gift  with  the  greatest  gratification. 
J.  C.  Hazelhubst,  Esq. 


NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS.  147 

Accompanying  the  Photograph  of  an  Infant 

Rockport,  June  16th,  18 — . 

Dear  Ida, — Will  you  accept  the  accompanying  photograph  in 

answer  to  your  question,  "Can  you  describe  baby  for  me  V1 

We  think  it  an  excellent  likeness,  and  trust  to  your  kindness  to 

forgive  the  parental  vanity  of  sending  it. 

Hoping  "  our  boy  "  will  find  favor  in  your  eyes, 

We  are, 

Your's  truly, 

Frank  and  Edna. 
Miss  Ida  Hovey.  

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Kilburn,  June  19th,  18 — . 

Mt  Dear  Friends, — Many  thanks  for  your  kindness  in  sending 

me  a  photograph  of  the  dear  baby.     I  have  framed  it,  and  it  hangs 

between  papa  and  mamma  upon  my  sitting-room  wall,  where  we 

can  all  admire  it. 

Kiss  "  the  boy  "  for  me,  and  believe  me, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Ida. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  V.  Moobehead. 


Accompanying  a  Piece  of  Embroidery  for  a  Child. 

Cambridgeport,  Dec.  3d,  18 — . 

Dear  Sarah, — Will  you  allow  Maude  to  accept  and  wear  the 

accompanying  little  dress  which  it  has  given  me  much  pleasure  to 

embroider  for  her.     Believe  me  that  into  every  fold  I  have  stitched 

a  loving  thought  for  your  little  one. 

Ever  your  friend, 

Mart  Allen. 
Mrs.  S.  T.  Vogdes.  

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Chelsea,  Dec.  5th,  18 — . 

Dear  Mart, — Thank  you  most  earnestly  for  your  beautiful  gift 

to  my  little  girl.     It  fits  her  perfectly,  and  her  big  blue  eyes  hunt 

out  all  the  pretty  flowers  with  shouts  of  delight.     You  must  come 

over  soon  and  judge  for  yourself  how  charmingly  becoming  it  is. 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Sarah  Vogdes. 
Un  M.  G.  Allen. 


148  NOTES  ACCOMPAlfTWQ  GIFTS. 

Accompanying  a  Gift  on  the  Eightieth  Birthday. 

Dorchester,  Feb.  16th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Madam, — It  is  now  many  long  years  since  you  and  I 

first  changed  birth-day  greetings,  but  if  I  mistake  not,  to-day  is  the 

anniversary  of  your  natal  day.     Will  you  accept  the  accompanying 

crifle  as  a  proof  that  no  time  can  dim  the  unchanging  friendship  of 

Your's  sincerely, 

Abel  Fletcher. 
Mrs.  G.  T.  Buoklin.  

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Chablestown,  Feb.  17th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Friend, — Your  valuable  and  welcome  gift  reminded 
me  that  I  was  passing  another  milestone  in  the  journey  of  life.  In 
my  lonely  old  age,  looking  forward  to  a  re-union  with  those  gone 
before,  it  is  very  sweet  to  me  to  feel  that  I  retain  such  thoughtful 
friendship  as  dictated  your  gift. 

For  both  gift  and  kind  remembrance,  accept  the  sincere  thanks  of 
Your  grateful  friend, 

Georgiana  Bucklin. 
Abel  Fletcheb,  Esq.  

Accompanying  a  Basket  of  Fruit  Raised  by  Donor. 

Roxbury,  July  30th,  18—. 
Dear  Theodore, — Will  you  accept  the  accompanying  basket  of 
fruit  from  the  tree  in  my  orchard  which  you  admired  so  much.     I 
am  anxious  to  prove  the  truth  of  my  words,  that  the  beauty  of  the 
tree  was  only  a  small  part  of  its  merit. 

I  am,  my  dear  fellow, 

Ever  your's  truly, 

C.  Reeves. 

Theodore  Debbobough,  Esq. 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Boston,  July  31st,  18 — . 

Dear  Constant, — Your  delicious  fruit  was  very  welcome  as  I 

sat  scorching  in  my  library  yesterday,  and  I  am  ready  to  sign  any 

document  in  favor  of  the  merit  of  the  noble  tree. 

With  many  thanks  for  your  kind  remembrance, 

I  am,  dear  Constant, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Theodore. 
Constant  Reeves,  Esq. 


NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS.  149 

Accompanying  a  Donation  to  a  Widow. 

Milledgeville,  Jan.  4th,  18 — . 
Respected  Madam, — Will  you  confer  upon  me  a  great  pleasure 
by  appropriating  to  your  own  use  the  accompanying  check.     As  an 
old  friend  of  your  husband,  and  one  who  was  under  obligation  to 
him  for  many  favors,  I  feel  that  I  may  claim  this  privilege. 
Trusting  that  you  will  forgive  the  liberty  I  am  taking, 
I  am,  ever,  my  dear  madam, 

Your's  respectfully, 

S.  T.  Vick. 
Mrs.  H.  E.  Randolph. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Milledgeville,  Jan.  4th,  18 — . 
S.  T.  Vick,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Your  generous  gift  and  kind  letter  have  reached  me, 
and  from  my  heart  I  thank  you  for  both.  My  sorrow  is  so  recent 
that  I  have  scarcely  made  any  arrangement  for  the  future,  and  you 
were,  I  know,  acquainted  with  my  husband's  pecuniary  losses.  It 
would  be  a  false  pride  for  me  to  conceal  my  embarrassments,  and  I 
feel  the  deepest  gratitude  for  the  relief  from  present  pressure 
afforded  by  your  gift. 

With  an  earnest  hope  that  God  will  reward  your  kindness, 
I  am,  my  dear  friend, 

Your's  truly, 

Hannah  Randolph. 


Note  Accompanying  a  Dog,  Requested  by  the  Recipient 

Covington,  May  25th,  18 — . 
Dear  Charles, — Do  you  remember  our  old  compact  about 
Bruno,  that  if  I  ever  parted  with  him  you  would  accept  him  from 
mel  I  am  obliged  to  go  to  Canada,  and  may  remain  there  for  two 
or  three  years.  If  you  will  care  for  my  pet,  and  give  him  a  place 
in  your  house,  I  shall  feel  it  a  great  obligation. 

Your's  very  truly, 

S.  C.  Hope. 

OHAPI.Kfl  &4LL0BT,  E*qv" 


150  NOTES  ACCOMPANYING  GIFTS. 

Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Covington,  May  26th,  18 — . 
Dear  Silas, — Bruno  will  be  a  most  welcome  addition  to  my 
household,  and  you  may  feel  assured  that  your  intelligent  pet  will 
receive  the  kindest  care.  While  I  shall  gladly  greet  your  gift,  I  re- 
gret very  much  your  absence  from  Covington,  and  trust  your  stay 
in  Canada  will  not  be  so  long  as  you  anticipate. 

Ever  your  friend, 

C.  Mallort. 
S.  C.  Hope,  Esq. 

Accompanying  a  Present  of  Music  to  a  Lady. 

Vienna,  June  2d,  18 — . 
Will  Miss  Emmeline  accept  the  accompanying  extracts  from  her 
favorite  operas,  with  many  thanks  for  the  great  pleasure  the  donor 
has  often  derived  from  her  exquisite  voice  and  skilful  fingers. 

J.  C.  Miller. 
Miss  Emmeline  Cheesbobo. 


Answer  to  the  Foregoing. 

Vienna,  June  3d,  18 — . 
Miss  Cheesboro  presents  her  compliments  and  thanks  to  Mr.  Miller, 
and  accepts  with  much  pleasure  his  choice  and  beautiful  selections 
of  rangic. 


LETTERS  OF  FAVOR.  151 


LETTEES  OF  FAVOR. 


Letters  that  request  favors  are  not  easy  to  write.  They  place 
you  in  the  position  of  a  suppliant,  and  many  times  are  dictated  by 
most  trying  circumstances.  Be  careful  that  you  do  not  urge  your 
claims  so  strongly  as  to  make  your  request  savor  of  begging,  but  you 
may  let  the  reader  see  that  you  fully  appreciate  that  the  compliance 
will  be  a  favor. 

Letters  conferring  favors  should  be  worded  to  lessen  as  much  as 
possible  the  sense  of  obligation,  implying  that  to  accept  is  as  great 
a  favor  as  to  grant  the  petition. 

Letters  offering  favors  should  carefully  avoid  implying  that  there 
is  any  obligation  conferred.  A  genial,  pleasant  style  should  be 
adopted. 

Letters  refusing  favors  should  be  kindly  worded,  and  soften  as 
much  as  posssible  in  manner,  their  disagreeable  matter.  State, 
whenever  i£  is  possible,  your  reasons  for  refusing,  and  express  your 
regret  at  being  unable  to  give  a  more  favorable  reply. 

Letters  acknowledging  favors  must  be  cordial  and  frank.  Never 
let  your  correspondent  suspect  that  you  feel  any  weight  of  obliga- 
tion, or  hint  at  future  service  on  your  own  side.  When  you  can 
return  the  kindness,  hasten  to  do  so,  but  never  bint  that  it  is  a 
retur  n.  

Offering  the  use  of  a  House  after  a  Fire. 

Alton,  Feb.  13th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Mr.  Quigsley,— Having  heard  of  your  terrible  misfor- 
tune in  the  loss  of  your  house  last  night,  I  venture  to  hope  that  you 
will  accept  the  use  of  one  of  mine,  now  vacant,  upon  Ellery-street, 
until  you  have  time  to  rebuild  your  own.  Mrs.  Paradyer  has  fur- 
nished a  bedroom  and  kitchen  from  our  own  spare  goods,  hoping 
that  you  will  overlook  all  deficiencies  and  call  freely  upon  her  for 
whatever  you  may  require  further. 


152  LETTERS  OF  FAVOR. 

Trusting  that  you  will  allow  me  thus  far  to  assume  the  privilege 
of  a  friend, 

I  am,  with  deep  sympathy, 

Ever  your's  truly, 

A.  A.  Paradyer. 

J.  T.  QUIGSIiET.  

Answer  Accepting  the  Favor- 

Alton,  Feb.  13th,  18—. 
My  Dear  Fbiend, — Returning  from  a  long  and  vain  search  for  a 
boarding  place,  for  you  know  the  hotel  shared  the  fate  of  my  house, 
your  kind  note  was  handed  to  me. 

I  most  gratefully  accept  your  thoughtful  offer,  and  Mrs.  Quigsley 
is  actually  crying  at  the  prospect  of  a  house  to  sleep  in  to-night. 

Thanking  you  and  Mrs.  Paradyer  most  earnestly  for  your  great 
kindness, 

I  am,  my  dear  friend, 

Your's  very  truly, 

J.  T.  Quigsley. 
A.  A.  Pabadykb. 


Offering  a  Loan  of  Money  for  Business. 

Harmony,  Dec.  30th,  18—. 

Dear  Cyrus, — Knowing  that  you  are  desirous  of "  starting  in 

business  for  yourself,  I  write  to  say  that  an  unexpected  legacy 

places  it  in  my  power  to  offer  you  a  loan  of  five  thousand  dollars 

($5,000)  without  interfering  in  any  way  with  my  own  business  or 

expenditures.    I  trust  that  you  will  let  me  have  a  friend's  privilege, 

and  accept  the  money  on  any  terms  that  will  best  suit  you. 

With  best  wishes  for  your  success  in  business, 

I  am,  ever  your  friend, 

Ivan  Rose. 
Cyrus  Ridgkway,  Esq.  

Answer  Declining  the  Favor. 

Harmony,  Jan.  1st,  18 — . 
Dear  Ivan, — Deeply  as  I  appreciate  the  great  kindness  of  your 
offer,  I  feel  that  I  must  decline  it.     I  have  seen  so  much  of  the  mis- 
ery of  debt  that  I  have  made  it  an  iron  rule  to  owe  nothing,  and  I 
could  not  start  in  business  risking  another  person's  money.    The  facl 


LETTERS  OF  FAVOR.  153 

that  it  belonged  to  a  very  dear  friend  certainly  would  not  alleviate 
the  pain  should  I  fail  to  replace  it. 

I  hope  in  a  few  years  to  save  sufficient  from  my  salary  to  start  in 
business  in  a  modest  way,  and  think  it  is  better  to  wait. 

But  from  my  heart  I  feel  your  generosity,  and  thank  you  most 

sincerely  for  the  proof  of  trust  and  friendship. 

Ever  your  friend, 

Cybus  Ridgeway.. 
Ivan  Rose,  Esq.  

Offering  fhe  Use  of  Mourning  for  a  Funeral 

Lafayette,  Aug.  29th,  18 — . 

Dear  Matiloa, — I  know  so  well  the  trial  of  thinking  of  dress 

when  under  the  first  sorrow  of  a  heavy  bereavement,  that  I  will 

offer  no  apology  for  writing  to  request  that  you  will  allow  us  to  send 

the  clothing  necessary  for  the  sad  ride  on  Thursday. 

Our  own  deep  mourning  gives  us  an  ample  supply  for  your  own 

use  and  your  mother's,  and  believe  me,  it  will  be  a  favor  to  us  if  you 

will  allow  us  to  relieve  you  of  the  trying  hurry  of  preparation. 

With  deepest  sympathy  in  your  grief, 

I  am  ever  your  friend, 

Beatrice  Keys. 
Miss  Matiloa  Bbougham. 


Answer  Accepting  the  Favor. 

%  Lafayette,  Aug.  29th,  18 — . 

Dear  Beatrice, — It  will  indeed  be  a  great  relief  to  us  to  leave 
our  mourning  dresses  for  the  present,  and  I  thank  you  sincerely  for 
the  thoughtful  kindness  of  your  offer,  and  accept  it  gladly. 

With  thanks  from  both  mother  and  myself  for  your  loving  sym- 
pathy, 

I  am,  dear  Beatrice, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Matilda. 
Miss  Beatrice  Keys. 


Offering  to  Assist  in  Nursing  in  Illness. 

Bolivar,  July  18th,  IB—. 
Dsab  FsLiciAr- 1  have  just  returned  from  a  visit  to  my  sister, 


164  LETTERS  OF  FAVOR.    1 

and  learn  with  deep  regret  of  Maria's  long  illness.    I  am  sure  yon 

must  be  worn  out  with  your  weary  duties,  and  write  to  offer  any 

assistance  in  my  power.     Can  I  watch  for  you  to-night,  or  can  I  in 

any  way  aid  you  1 

Command  me  in  any  capacity  in  which  I  can  be  of  use — nurse, 

cook,  errand  girl,  anything. 

Tour's  ever  lovingly, 

Stephena  Hadlet. 
Mrs.  Gbaham.  

Answer  Declining  the  Favor. 

Bolivar,  July  13th,  18—. 
Dear  Stephena, — Many  thanks  for  your  kind  offer.     I  am  thank- 
ful to  say  that  Maria  is  so  far  recovered  that  she  does  not  need  care 
at  night,  and  I  can  easily  attend  to  her  wants  through  the  day. 

She  joins  me,  however,  in  earnest  appreciation  of  your  loving 
offers,  and  hopes  soon  to  be  able  to  sit  up  and  enjoy  a  visit  from 
you. 

Your's  ever  affectionately, 

Felicia  Graham. 
Miss  Stephena  Rudge.  

Requesting  the  Loan  of  a  Book 

Moulton,  Jan.  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Lilian, — If  you  have  entirely  finished  reading  "Joseph 
the  Second  and  his  Court,"  will  you  lend  it  to  me  for  a  few  days  1 
I  am  tied  fast  to  my  chair  with  a  lame  foot,  and  find  time  passes 
very  heavily. 

When  may  I  hope  to  see  you  1 

Your's  lovingly, 

Clara. 
Miss  Lilian  Bbigham.  

Answer  Granting  the  Favor. 

Moulton,  Jan.  3d,  18 — . 
Dear  Clara, — I  send  the  book  with  pleasure,  and  hope  that  you 
may  enjoy  it  as  much  as  I  did. 

I  am  very  sorry  to  learn  that  you  are  suffering,  and  will  call  and 
see  you  this  afternoon. 

Your's  affectionately, 

Lilian. 
Miss  Clara  Wiles. 


LETTERS  OF  FAVOR.  155 

Requesting  a  Loan  of  Money. 

Frankfort,  July  14th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Hunt, — Can  you  accommodate  me  by  a  loan  oi 
fifty  dollars  ($50)  until  next  Wednesday  I      I  expect  the  payment 
of  some  large  bills  next  week,  and  will  then  return  it,  with  many 
thanks  for  the  favor. 

Your's  very  truly, 

G.  F.  Horner. 
L.  C.  Hunt,  Esq.  

Answer  Refusing  the  Request. 

Frankfort,  July  14th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Horner, — I  regret  that  I  have  not  the  sum  you 
desire  by  me,  or  would  willingly  enclose  it  to  you. 

Your's  very  truly, 
L.  C.  Hunt. 

Requesting  a  Letter  of  Introduction. 

Springfield,  May  26th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Mr.  Beresford, — I  start  for  Chicago  to-morrow  morn- 
ing, and  would  consider  it  a  great  favor  if  you  will  give  me  a  letter 
of  introduction  to  Mr.  English ;  I  hope  that  he  will  give  his  influ- 
ence to  our  scheme,  and  think  an  interview  may  do  more  than  a 
letter. 
With  kind  regards  to  your  family, 

I  am,  as  ever, 

Your's  truly, 

Sam'l  Birch. 
B,.  Bebesfobd,  Esq.  ' 

Answer  Granting  the  Request 

Springfield,  May  26th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Sir, — I  enclose  with  pleasure  the  letter  to  Mr.  English, 
and  wish  you  every  success  in  your  interview  with  him. 
Hoping  you  will  have  a  pleasant  trip, 

I  am,  your's  very  truly, 

B.  Beresford. 

6.  Biboh ,  E*q. 


156  LETTERS  OF  FAVOR, 

Requesting  the  Loan  of  a  Horse. 

Covington,  June  7th,  18 — . 
Dear  Harry, — My  "bounding  steed,"  departed  this  life  yester- 
day afternoon,  being  so  much  injured  by  the  fire  last  week  that  I 
was  obliged  to  shoot  him.  I  have  an  unexpected  call  to  town  thi» 
afternoon,  and  take  a  friend's  liberty  in  asking  you  to  lend  me  Sans 
Souci  for  the  ride.  I  will  take  every  care  of  him,  and  return  him 
before  dark. 

Your's  truly, 

Benj.  Packard. 
Ejenby  Oliveb,  Esq.  

Answer  Refusing  the  Request 

Covington,  June  7th,  18 — . 
Dear  Ben, — Father  took  Sans  Souci  to  the  farm  this  morning 
two  hours  before  your  note  reached  me,  and  will  not  return  till  this 
evening. 

Regretting  that  I  cannot  oblige  you, 

I  am,  my  dear  boy, 

Your's  ever, 

Harry. 
Benjamin  Paokabd,  Esq.       

Requesting  an  Autograph. 
[Stamp  Enclosed.] 

Macon,  Dec.  5th,  18 — . 
Rev.  T.  C.  Dalton  : 

Respected  Sir, — I  should  feel  deeply  gratified  if  you  will  allow 
me  to  add  your  autograph  to  a  collection  I  am  making  of  the  names 
of  distinguished  men  of  our  time. 

The  widely-spread  reputation  of  your  noble  works  of  benevolence 
and  piety  must  be  my  apology  for  what  I  feel  is  a  great  favor  to 

request. 

Your's  respectfully, 

Abel  Ritter. 

Answer  Granting  the  Request. 

Macon,  Dec.  6th,  1&— . 
Abel  Ritter,  Esq. : 

Dear  Sir, — Feeling  the  high  compliment  which  you  pay  me  by 
your  request  for  my  autograph,  it  gives  me  much  pleasure  to  sign 
mywlf  Truly  your  friend, 

T.  C.  Dalton. 


LETTERS  OF  ADVICE.  157 


LETTEES  OF  ADVICE. 


Letters  of  Advice  should  never  be  written  except  by  request* 
Even  when  they  are  most  earnestly  solicited  they  are  very  apt  to 
prove  disagreeable,  and  in  many  instances  will  give  offence,  even 
when  written  with  the  best  motives. 

Perfect  frankness  is  an  important  requisite,  as  sincerity  and  sin- 
gleness of  purpose  will  often  carry  their  own  conviction. 

Never  offer  advice  after  a  folly  or  crime  has  been  committed. 
It  is  worse  than  useless.  You  may  give  sympathy  or  reproof  if  it 
will  benefit,  but  to  point  out  the  preventives  after  it  is  too  late  to 
use  them  is  only  wasting  time,  unless  they  are  to  prevent  a  repeti- 
tion of  the  error. 

In  giving  an  opinion,  be  careful  that  you  do  not  endeavor  to  make 
it  a  law,  and  do  not  be  easily  offended  if  your  advice  is  disregarded. 
Your  friend  may  have  many  counsellors  beside  yourself,  or  circum- 
stances unknown  to  you  may  guide  his  course. 

Above  all,  let  no  selfishness  ever  creep  into  a  letter  of  advice. 
Put  your  friend's  welfare  and  interest  alone  in  the  balance,  or  if  it 
is  a  great  scheme,  the  good  of  others,  and  let  your  advice  be  purely 
disinterested. 

Use  such  letters  judiciously  and  sparingly. 


Advising  a  Young  Man  to  Study  a  Profession. 

Columbia,  May  23d,  18 — . 

Dear  Archie, — Your  letter  announcing  your  sudden  change  of 
fortune,  and  asking  my  advice  in  regard  to  finishing  your  law  studies, 
has  just  reached  me.  You  say  that  your  unexpected  legacy  will 
place  you  above  the  necessity  of  earning  a  support,  and  seem  to  con- 
sider it  time  wasted  to  still  study  for  admission  to  the  bar. 

My  dear  boy,  my  advice  to  you  would  be  to  continue  your  studiei 


158  LETTERS  03  ADVICE. 

by  all  means.  You  are  well  aware  of  the  uncertainty  of  riches  in 
this  country.  The  millionaire  of  to-day  may  be  the  bankrupt  of 
to-morrow,  but  the  man  who  has  a  profession  or  a  trade  is  indepen- 
dent of  these  reverses  of  fortune.  He  has  ever  the  means  of  re- 
gaining the  fleeting  wealth,  and  can  hold  position  in  right  of  the 
honorable  pursuit  of  his  calling. 

Even  supposing  your  wealth  to  be  so  safely  invested  as  to  be 
throughly  secure,  believe  me,  that  a  life  of  idleness  will  not  prove 
one  of  happiness.  You  will  be  a  far  nobler  member  of  society  as 
an  honest,  hard-working  lawyer,  than  a  mere  butterfly  of  fashion, 
spending  your  wealth  in  self-indulgence  that  may  lead  you  to  dissi- 
pation. 

You  have  asked  my  counsel  and  I  give  it  freely.  Let  me  most 
earnestly  and  sincerely  assure  you  that  it  is  best  for  you  in  every 
way  to  continue  the  study  of  your  profession. 

With  hearty  congratulations  upon  your  improved  prospects,  I  am, 
dear  Archie, 

Your  affectionate  uncle, 

E.  0.  McIntosh. 

Akchibaij)  McIntosh,  Esq.  

Advising  a  Lad  not  to  Leave  a  half-learned  Trade. 

Cambridge,  Dec.  28th,  18 — . 

Dear  Andrew, — Your  letter  of  the  24th  reached  me  yesterday, 
but,  not  wishing  to  answer  it  hastily,  I  have  delayed  writing  until 
to-day. 

You  write  that  Mr.  Mills  offers  to  take  you  into  his  store,  at 
higher  wages  than  you  are  now  receiving,  and  to  arrange  with  your 
present  employers  to  cancel  your  indentures,  but  that  you  like  your 
trade  and  feel  an  interest  in  becoming  master  of  it. 

My  advice,  which  you  say  you  sincerely  desire  to  have,  would  be 
by  all  means  to  continue  in  your  present  employment.  You  will 
acquire  a  good  trade  that  will  always  afford  you  the  means  of  gain- 
ing a  livelihood,  and  you  will  at  the  same  time  attain  steadiness  and 
perseverance.  I  think  it  is  the  worst  of  all  things  in  business,  for 
a  young  man  to  fly  from  one  pursuit  to  another,  half-learning  a 
great  variety  of  professions  and  trades,  and  mastering  none  throughly. 
He  thus  acquires  restless,  discontented  ideas,  habits  of  irregularity, 
arjd  generally  ends  by  being  good  for  nothing  at  all. 

You  will  at  Mr.  Mills  occupy  a  very  pleasant  position,  but  you 


LETTERS  OF  ADVICE.  158 

will  learn  nothing,  and  in  a  few  months  may  be  out  of  a  situation, 
and  forced  to  begin  anew,  with  perhaps  a  loss  of  much  that  you 
have  already  learned. 

I  think  it  better  for  you,  in  every  way,  to  steadily  pursue  your 
chosen  profession  until  you  have  mastered  it. 
Hoping  to  hear  from  you  again  very  soon, 
I  am,  as  ever, 

Your  affectionate  cousin, 

E.  It.  RlPLET. 

AsfDitEW  Ripley,  Esq.  

Advisinga  Young  Man  to  Drop  an  Acquaintance. 

Mansfield,  Jan.  28th,  18 — . 

My  Dear  Uleic, — Your's  of  the  24th  has  given  me  much  uneasi- 
ness. I  see  by  its  tone  that  you  are  becoming  very  intimate  with 
Victor  Hamlin,  and  it  grieves  me  to  note  it. 

My  dear  boy,  I  am  an  old  man,  and  in  a  long  life  of  observation. 
I  have  never  seen  a  young  person  made  happier  or  better  by 
association  with  men  whose  character  would  not  bear  investigation. 
Victor  Hamlin  is  such  a  man. 

He  came  to  your  city  from,  nobody  knows  where ;  he  refuses  to 
give  any  account  of  his  previous  life  ;  with  no  profession  or  trade, 
he  spends  money  with  lavish  profusion ;  he  rides  fast  horses,  wears 
flashy  jewelry  and  showy  clothing ;  and  his  language  betrays  low 
origin  and  an  imperfect  education. 

You  are  young  and  must  look  to  your  profession  for  a  support, 
while  you  have  to  hold  the  position  in  society  to  which  you  are 
entitled  by  birth.  But  in  order  to  do  this,  in  order  to  win  for  your- 
self a  good  name,  you  must  be  careful  that  you  do  not  associate 
with  those  who  will  throw  discredit  upon  you. 

There  is  a  sound  warning  in  the  old  proverb, 

"  A  man  is  known  by  the  eompany  he  keeps," 
and  I  would  not  have  you  judged  for  being  the  companion  of  Victor 
Hamlin. 

I  have  written  strongly,  for  I  believe  this  to  be  a  matter  of  vital 

importance  to  you,  and  I  beg  you  will  give  my  letter  consideration, 

believing  it  to  be  kindly  meant. 

Ever  your  sincere  friend, 

Ernst  Bomgartner. 
Ulbio  GossrrwiTCH. 


160  LETTERS  OF  ADVTCB. 

Advising  a  Young  lady  to  Discourage  the  Visits  of  a  Suitor. 

Dorset,  Feb.  26th,  18-—. 

Pear  Bianca, — You  have  asked  my  advice  upon  a  subject  so 
delicate  that  I  am  not  very  willing  to  give  it,  but  your  letter  is  go 
frank  that  I  cannot  find  it  in  my  heart  to  refuse  your  request. 

You  say  that  Mi .  Milburn  leads  you  to  suppose  by  his  manner 
and  conversation  that  he  is  feeling  more  than  a  friendly  interest  in 
you,  but  that  he  gives  you  no  opportunity  to  express  your  own 
feelings,  which  are  not  as  warm  as  his  own.  You  value  his  friendship 
and  do  not  wish  to  offend  him,  but  can  never  return  his  love. 

My  dear  girl,  I  honor  the  delicacy  of  your  scruples,  but  I  think 
you  may  act  with  your  usual  frankness  in  this  matter  without  giving 
offence,  or  if  you  do  so,  it  is  kinder  and  better  to  offend  now,  than 
to  lead  your  friend  on  to  deeper  feeling  and  then  inflict  what  may 
be  a  life-long  wound. 

I  would  therefore  advise  you  to  be  often  engaged  when  Mr.  Mil- 
bum  calls,  to  decline  going  out  with  him,  never  to  see  him  alone, 
and  to  let  your  manner  be  reserved  when  in  his  presence.  Few 
loves  of  so  recent  a  date  will  survive  such  blighting  conduct,  and 
he  will  probably  cease  his  visits. 

You  may  be  accused  of  vanity  and  imputing  to  him  warmer 
sentiments  than  he  feels,  but  even  this  charge  is  easier  to  bear  than 
that  of  coquetry. 

Trusting  that  my  advice  will  not  wound  you,  I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 

Helena  Webster. 

Miss  BlAK«A  Ellebton'. 


Advising  a  Young  Man  against  a  hurried  Marriage. 

Salem,  June  19th,  18 — . 

Dear  Lucien, — I  have  scarcely  recovered  breath  after  reading 
your  astounding  epistle.  You  ask  me  if  I  don't  think  you  had 
better  propose  to  Miss  Blanche  Norton,  settle  down,  and  become  a 
respectable  member  of  society. 

Why,  Lucien,  it  is  only  two  weeks  since  I  myself  introduced  you 
to  Miss  Norton.  You  know  nothing  of  her  save  that  she  is  a  pretty, 
chatty,  well-dressed  girl.  I  do  not  say  that  she  is  no  more  than 
this,  but  I  do  say  that  it  needs  more  than  two  weeks  to  ascertaia 


LETTERS  OF  AD  VICE.  161 

whether  the  woman  you  propose  to  marry  is  calculated  to  make 
you  happy. 

Think  what  you  are  doing.  You  are  not  proposing  to  select  a 
partner  for  a  dance  or  a  ride,  but  to  take  a  companion  for  life,  one 
who  must  be  to  you  the  sharer  of  all  your  joy  and  sorrow,  your 
prosperity  and  reverses,  must  bear  all  your  faults,  and  show  you  all 
her  own,  in  short,  a  wife,  in  whose  hands  will  rest  much  of  your 
future  happiness  or  misery. 

My  dear  friend,  do  not  take  so  important  a  step  hastily.  It  is  too 
much  a  matter  of  life  interest  to  be  rushed  into  in  this  way. 

Nobody  will  rejoice  more  than  I  will  to  see  you  happily  married, 
and  settled  in  a  pleasant  home,  but  I  should  tremble  for  your  future 
if  you  acted  so  hurriedly  as  you  propose. 

Take  time  to  think  of  the  importance  of  the  step,  and  write  me 
that  you  are  prepared  to  give  a  little  more  study  to  the  character 
of  your  lady  love. 

Ever,  dear  Lucien, 

Your  sincere  friend, 

J.  Clarksoit. 
Lucien  Tarbell,  Esq. 

Advising  a  Young  Lady  to  Refuse  Gifts  from  Gentlemen. 

Clarksville,  July  17th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Calanthe, — Your  letter  of  the  14th  has  just  reached 
me.  By  all  means,  my  dear  girl,  return  Mr.  Potter's  gift  of  jewelry. 
I  think  there  is  nothing  that  so  soon  earns  for  a  young  lady  the 
contempt  of  her  friends,  as  a  readiness  to  accept  valuable  presents 
from  gentlemen  friends.  It  is  a  privilege  I  hope  you  will  grant  to 
none  until  you  are  married,  when  your  husband's  gifts  come  to  you 
sanctified  by  mutual  affection. 

You  say  you  fear  to  give  offence,  but  if  you  make  it  an  invariable 
rule  to  refuse  all  gifts,  no  one  can  take  affront. 
I  am  writing  in  haste  to  catch  the  return  mail. 

Your's  most  affectionately, 

Qt.  R.  RODNBY. 

Miss  Calanthe  Wilkes. 


162  LETTERS  OF  EXCUSE. 


LETTEES  OF  EXCUSE. 


Letters  of  Excuse  are  not  very  pleasant,  as  they  are  called  forth 
by  some  neglect  or  impropriety  of  the  writer,  but  if  frankly  and 
gracefully  expressed,  will  rarely  fail  to  carry  their  object. 

To  be  of  any  value,  they  must  be  written  promptly.  Tardiness 
will  imply  that  they  are  sent  unwillingly,  or  betray  a  second  neglect 
as  bad  as  the  first. 

If  you  are  apologizing  for  a  loss  or  injury  that  has  been  caused 
by  neglect  or  carelessness  on  your  part,  offer  to  atone  or  repair  it. 
If  for  a  broken  engagement  or  unintentional  slight,  state  the  reasons 
for  your  conduct,  and  express  your  regret  sincerely. 

Do  not  make  a  letter  of  excuse  too  stiff,  or  it  will  appear  a  forced 
reparation,  while  a  heartily-expressed  note  will  make  your  sincere 
desire  to  atone  apparent.  Still,  exaggeration  in  language  is  just  as 
bad,  as  that  will  appear  often  insulting.  A  happy  medium  of  grace- 
ful sincerity  is  best 

Apologizing  for  a  Broken  Engagement 

Montgomery,  March  13th,  18 — . 
My  Dear  Miss  Pordyee, — I  feel  that  you  will  be  hurt  at  my 
failure  to  keep  my  engagement  last  evening,  but  you  will  forgive 
me  I  am  sure  when  I  explain  the  cause.  I  had  donned  my  white 
kids  and  was  fairly  started,  when  I  slipped  on  the  ice  and  sprained 
my  arm  so  badly  that  I  was  obliged  to  return  to  the  house,  and 
have  suffered  the  greatest  pain  all  night. 
Trusting  to  your  kind  heart  to  forgive  me, 

I  am, 

Ever  your  friend, 
E.  S.  Bawgs. 

Apologizing  for  Injury  to  a  Borrowed  Book. 

No.  13  L St.,  May  10th,  18—. 

Dear  Alice, — I  meant  to  go  out  this  morning  to  obtain  a  copy 


LETTERS  OF  EXCUSE.  163 

of  "  Villette,"  to  replace  the  one  you  lent  me,  and  for  which  you 
sent  this  morning.  I  will  send  it  to-morrow,  and  hope  you  will 
excuse  the  delay.  Our  sitting-room  book-case  fell  yesterday  after- 
noon, and  your  book  was  so  crushed  and  broken  by  falling  open, 
under  several  heavy  volumes,  that  I  am  ashamed  to  return  it. 

Your's  truly, 

Ketta. 

Miss  Alice  Trttefitt. 

Apologizing  for  the  Misconduct  of  a  Child  at  School. 

No.  65  P St.,  June  23d,  18—. 

My  Dear  Miss  Conscious, — I  felt  very  much  mortified  this 
morning  when  Frankie  came  home  crying,  and  saying  that  he  had 
been  so  naughty  in  school  that  teacher  had  sent  him  home  ;  but 
this  afternoon  he  is  so  sick  that  I  have  sent  for  the  doctor,  who  says 
that  he  is  threatened  with  inflammation  on  the  brain.  I  think  now 
that  his  pettishness  in  school  was  probably  caused  by  illness,  and 
trust  your  kindness  will  overlook  the  trouble  he  occasioned  you. 
Very  truly  your's, 

Frances  Stafford. 

Apologizing  for  Delay  in  Filling  a  Commission  for  a  Friend. 

New  York,  Oct.  4th,  18—. 

Dear  Lena, — Did  you  think  I  had  forgotten  to  attend  to  your 
commission,  received  last  week  %  I  assure  you  that  I  did  not  neglect 
your  request  but  was  unable  to  match  the  dress  trimmings.  After 
a  faithful  search,  I  write  to  ask  if  a  black  and  white  cord  will  suit, 
as  the  shade  of  silk  is  so  peculiar  that  I  cannot  get  a  good  match, 
and  think  a  contrast  will  be  prettier  than  a  poor  one. 

I  delay  the  express  package  until  I  hear  from  you,  and  regret 
that  there  is  any  delay  in  sending  it  on. 

Ever  your's  affectionately, 

DOLLT. 

Hiss  Leva  Rivebtok. 


Apologizing  for  the  Rudeness  of  a  Servant. 

No.  4  T St.,  Jan.  29th,  18—. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Curtis, — I  was  very  much  annoyed  to-day,  upon 
returning  home  from  a  walk,  to  hear  from  my  daughter  of  the 
rudeness  with  which  you  were  treatedjby  our  servant.    I  knew 


164  LETTERS  OF  EXCUSE. 

that  she  was  sullen  often,  but  did  not  think  she  would  carry  ha* 

insolence  so  far  as  to  be  uncivil  to  my  friends. 

I  have  discharged  her,  and  hope  you  will  never  again  meet  the 

reception  at  my  house  which  greeted  you  to-day. 

Trusting  that  you  will  not  let  the  affair  prevent  your  frequent 

visits, 

I  am,  with  sincere  regret, 

Your's  truly, 

R.  Rutledge. 
Mrs.  L.  Cubtis. 


Excusing  a  Long  Delay  in  Answering  a  Letter. 

Belfast,  Maine,  April  3d,  18 — . 

Dear  Almira, — I  felt  heartily  ashamed  this  morning  when  I 
opened  your  last  letter,  and  found  how  long  ago  it  was  written. 
The  winter  has  passed  away  in  the  interval,  and  to-day,  the  anniver- 
sary of  our  parting,  recalls  to  me  most  vividly  the  pleasant  evening 
we  spent  together,  and  the  many  changes  this  winter  has  brought 
to  me. 

Perhaps  when  I  tell  you  of  some  of  them,  you  will  forgive  my 
long  silence,  and  not  punish  me,  as  I  humbly  acknowledge  I  deserve, 
by  keeping  me  waiting  six  months  for  a  letter. 

In  the  first  place,  we  left  Thomaston  in  October,  and  came  here 
to  live,  Frank  finding  his  business  prospects  were  better  here.  All 
through  November  we  were  getting  ready  for  housekeeping,  and 
you  would  open  your  eyes  wider  than  ever,  could  you  see  the  piles 
of  sewing  I  accomplished.  We  had  our  house  all  ready  in  Decem- 
ber, and  on  Christmas  day  had  a  family  party  from  Thomaston, 
keeping  mother  and  Lettie  here  until  after  New  Year's. 

February  brought  me  a  tiny  claimant  upon  my  time,  my  first 
child,  whom  we  have  named  for  dear  Aunt  Phoebe.  I  want  you  to 
see  her,  Mira,  and  tell  me  if  her  great  blue  eyes  are  not  as  bright 
as  the  spring  violets.  We  think  she  is  a  treasure  as  beautiful  and 
precious  as  we  can  ever  possess.  The  days  are  not  long  enough  for 
the  wee  darling's  many  demands  of  time,  but  she  is  now  so  cunning 
and  bright,  that  I  hope  before  long  she  will  take  some  care  of  her- 
self. 

I  had  a  long  call  from  our  friend,  Mrs.  Wells,  on  Thursday  last, 
and  she  inquired  particularly  for  you,  desiring  me  to  send  her  kind 
regards  when  I  wrote.     Her  daughter  is  in  New  Berne,  teaching 


LETTERS  OF  EXCUSE.  165 

tke  colored  children,  so  if  your  migrations  take  you  a  little  farther 
south,  you  can  call  upon  her. 

We  have  such  a  quiet,  uneventful  life,  that  there  is  very  little  of 
interest  to  send  you.  Frank's  business  is  flourishing,  baby  and  1 
are  well,  and  I  think  all  the  family  news  is  included  in  those  two 
sentences. 

Do  write  to  me  soon,  and  tell  me  of  your  Southern  travels.  I  did 
not  know  you  had  left  home  title  a  few  weeks  ago,  when  Alfred 
wrote  to  Frank. 

Love  to  Mattie  and  Helena,  when  you  write  home. 

Frank  sends  his  kind  regards,  to  which  add  the  warm  affection  of 
Your  sincere  friend, 

Emily  Jones. 
Miss  Axmxba  Bbown.  

Apology  for  Delay  in  Acknowledging  the  Eeceipt  of  a  Present  from  a 
Friend. 

Philadelphia,  May  17th,  18 — 
Dear  Friend  George, — You  must  really  think  me  guilty  of 
great  negligence  in  delaying  so  long  to  express  my  gratitude  for 
your  present,  which  was  as  welcome  to  me  as  it  was  kind  of  you. 

I  was  absent  from  home  when  your  messenger  brought  the  parcel, 
and  I  was  left  in  total  ignorance  of  its  arrival  until  this  morning. 

This,  I  am  sure,  will  acquit  me  of  any  apparent  neglect  or  want 
of  appreciation  of  a  kind  and  generous  act,  and,  believe  me,  my 
thanks  are  none  the  less  hearty  for  being  tardy. 

Should  an  opportunity  of  reciprocating  ever  lay  in  my  power,  1 
shall  consider  it  most  unfriendly  if  you  hesitate  to  avail  yourself 
of  it. 

Again  assuring  you  of  my  gratitude, 

Believe  me 

Your  sincere  friend, 

Tom  Woodruffs. 

Geobge  Beown,  Esq.,  No.  2  N.  Sixth-st. 


CONCLUDING   REMARKS. 


The  foregoing  models  for  correspondence  will,  it  is  believed,  be  amply  suf- 
ficient to  meet  all  ordinary  requirements ;  but,  in  conclusion,  a  word  of  ad- 
vice regarding  the  proper  and  practical  use  of  a  Letter- Writer,  will  not  be  out 
of  place. 

It  is  scarcely  to  be  expected  that  in  any  collection  of  written  letters  we 
should  always  find  one  embracing  exactly  the  various  subjects  we  wish  to 
write  about ;  but  a  careful  search  through  this  volume,  a  task  rendered  easy 
by  the  very  full  and  complete  Table  of  Contents,  will  hardly  fail  to  find  in 
some  one  or  other  of  the  models,  a  sentence  expressing  well  and  clearly  each 
subject  desired ;  and,  by  a  judicious  combination  of  the  extracts  thus  ob- 
tained, we  can  produce  a  connected  and  well-written  letter. 

The  Table  of  Synonyms  at  the  end  of  the  book,  comprises  an  unusually 
copious  selection  of  words,  especially  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  Letter 
"Writing. 

Synonym  is  a  term  applied  to  different  words,  whose  meaning  is  so  nearly  the 
Same,  that  the  one  may  be. substituted  for  the  other,  without  altering  the  sense 
of  the  sentence,  in  order  to  avoid  the  inelegant  repetition  of  the  same  word  ; 
thus,  in  relating  that  **  Janie  bought  some  toys,  but  Hattie  showed  her  better 
sense  and  bought  a  Letter- Writer,"  it  would  be  more  elegant  to  use  some 
other  word  synonymous  with  bought,  and  say  that  "  Janie  bought  some  toys, 
but  Hattie,  &c,  purchased  a  Letter- Writer."  Referring  to  the  Table  of  Syno- 
nyms for  a  substitute  for  bougM,  we  find  Buy — purchase,  &c. 
166 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Abandon,  to— desert,  forsake,  relin- 
quish, renounce. 

Abandoned — corrupt,  depraved,  for- 
saken, profligate,  reprobate,  wick- 
ed. 

Abase,  to  -degrade,  depress,  disgrace, 
humble. 

Abate,  to — decrease,  diminish,  lower, 
reduce,  subside. 

Abbreviate,  to — abridge,  curtail,  con- 
dense, compress,  epitomize,  reduce, 
shorten. 

Abet,  to— connive,  encourage,  help. 

Abhok,  to — abominate,  detest,  hate, 
loathe. 

Ability  —  capacity,  power,  skill, 
strength,  talent. 

Abjuke,  to  —  abnegate,  recant,  re- 
nounce, revoke. 

Able — capable,  clever,  efficient,  pow- 
erful, skilful,  strong. 

Abode  —  dwelling,  habitation,  resi- 
dence. 

Abolish,  to— abrogate,  annul,  destroy. 

Abominate,  to — abhor,  detest,  hate. 

Abridge,  to — contract,  diminish,  shor- 
ten. 

Absent — abstracted,  inattentive. 

Absolute  —  arbitrary,  positive,  des- 
potic, peremptory,  unlimited. 

Absolve,  to — acquit,  clear,  forgive, 
pardon,  remit,  set  free. 

Absorb,  to— engross,  engulph,  con- 
sume, imbibe,  swallow  up. 

Abstain,  to — forbear,  refrain. 

Abstruse — hidden,  obscure. 

Absurd  —  foolish,  irrational,  ridicu- 
lous, preposterous. 

Abundant — ample,  copious,  plentiful, 
exuberant,  plenteous. 

Abusive — insolent,  insulting,  offen- 
sive, opprobrious,  reproachful,  scur- 
rilous. 

Accede,  to— acquiesce,  agree,  consent, 
assent,  comply,  yield. 

Accept,  to— admit,  receive,  take. 

Acceptable  —  agreeable,  grateful, 
welcome. 


Accession— addition,  coining  to,  in* 
crease,  augmentation. 

Accessory— abettor,  accomplice,  ally, 
assistant,  associate. 

Accidental — casual,  contingent,  for- 
tuitous, incidental. 

Accommodate,  to — adapt,  adjust,  fit, 
suit,  serve. 

Accomplice— abettor,  accessory,  ally, 
assistant,  associate. 

Accomplish,  to— achieve,  complete, 
effect,  execute,  fulfill,  realize. 

Account — description,  detail,  expla- 
nation, narrative,  narration,  recital, 
relation. 

Accumulate,  to — amass,  gather,  col- 
lect, heap  up. 

Accurate  —  correct,  exact,  precise, 
nice. 

Accuse,  to  —  arraign,  censure,  im- 
peach ;  asperse,  calumniate,  defame, 
detract,  vilify. 

Achieve,  to — accomplish,  effect,  exe- 
cute, complete,  fulfill,  realize. 

Acerbity — severity  of  temper,  sour 
taste. 

Acknowledgment  —  gratitude,  con- 
cession. 

Acknowledge,  to  —  avow,  confess, 
grant,  own,  recognize. 

Acquaint,  to — apprise,  communicate, 
disclose,  inform,  make  known. 

Acquiesce,  to — accede,  agree,  assent, 
comply,  consent,  yield. 

Acquire,  to — attain,  earn,  gain,  ob- 
tain, procure,  win. 

Acquirement — acquisition,  qualifica- 
tion. 

Acquit,  to — absolve,  clear,  forgive, 
pardon,  set  free. 

Acquittance — deliverance,  release. 

Acrimony — harshness,  smartness,  as- 
perity, tartness. 

Active — agile,  assiduous,  industrious, 
alert,  brisk,  busy,  Lively,  nimble, 
prompt,  quick,  vigorous. 

Actual — certain,  genuine,  positive, 
real. 

67 


168 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Actuate,  to — impel,  induce,  instigate, 
move. 

Acute— keen,  penetrating,  shrewd, 
piercing,  pointed,  sharp. 

Adapt,  to— accommodate,  adjust,  fit, 
suit. 

Adequate  —  commensurate,  equal, 
proportionate. 

Add — increase,  join,  number  up. 

Address,  to — apply,  direct,  speak. 

Address — ability,  courtship,  direc- 
tion, dexterity,  demeanor,  skill,  ut- 
terance. 

Addicted — attached,  devoted. 

Addition  —  augmentation,  increase, 
accession. 

Adduce,  to — advance,  allege,  assign, 
bring  forward,  cite,  quote. 

Adhere,  to — attach,  cleave,  hold,  fix, 
stick. 

Adept  —  expert,  versed  in,  skilful, 
quick. 

Adherent— disciple,  follower,  parti- 
san. 

Adhesion— adherence,  attachment. 

Adjacent  —  adjoining,  approximat- 
ing, contiguous,  near  to. 

Adjourn,  to — defer,  delay,  postpone. 

Adjust,  to — accommodate,  adapt,  fit, 
set  right,  suit. 

Administer,  to — contribute,  supply, 
execute,  minister,  manage,  serve. 

Admiration  —  amazement,  esteem, 
surprise,  wonder. 

Admission— admittance,  access,  ap- 
proach. 

Admit,  to — allow,  concede,  grant,  per- 
mit, suffer,  tolerate. 

Admonition  —  advice,  counsel,  re- 
proof, warning. 

Adorn,  to— beautify,  decorate,  embel- 
lish. 

Adroit  —  clever,  dexterous,  expert, 
skilful. 

Adulterate,  to  — corrupt,  contami- 
nate, defile,  sophisticate,  vitiate. 

Advance,  to— adduce,  allege,  assign, 
bring  forward,  go  forward,  pro- 
ceed. 

Advancement  —  improvement,  pro- 
gress, progression,  proficiency. 

Advantage— benefit,  good,  profit. 

Adventure— accident,  casualty,  con- 
tingency, event,  incident,  occur- 
rence. 

Adversary  —  antagonist,  opponent, 
enemy,  foe. 

Adverse — calamitous,  contrary,  hos- 
tile, inimical,  opposite,  opposed  to, 
repugnant. 

Advert,  to — attend  to,  notice,  regard. 

Advise  (with),  to— consult,  deliberate, 
seek  counsel. 


Advocate— argue,  contend,  defend, 
plead,  reason  with,  support. 

Affability  —  complaisance,  courte- 
ousness,  urbanity,  courtesy. 

Affable  —  courteous,  conciliating, 
easy,  gentle,  mild,  pleasing,  urbane. 

Affair — business,  concern,  matter, 
transaction. 

Affect,  to — act  upon,  assume,  arrcn 
gate,  concern,  influence,  move,  pre- 
tend to. 

Affecting  —  moving,  touching,  pa- 
thetic. 

Infection  —  attachment,    kindness, 

/    fondness,  tenderness,  love. 

Affiliate,  to — adopt,  admit,  initiate, 
receive. 

Affinity — alliance,  kindred,  relation- 
ship. 

Affirm,  to — assert,  asseverate,  as- 
sure, aver,  declare,  pronounce,  pro- 
test. 

Affliction — distress,  grief,  melan- 
choly, pain,  trouble,  regret,  sadness, 
sorrow,  tribulation. 

Affluence — abundance,  afflux,  exu- 
berance, opulence,  riches,  wealth. 

Afford,  to— give,  grant,  impart,  pro- 
duce, spare,  sell  without  loss,  yield. 

Affright,  to  —  alarm,  appal,  shock, 
dismay,  terrify. 

Affront — insult,  outrage. 

Afraid — fearful,  terrified,  timorous. 

Age— century,  date,  era,  generation, 
epoch,  period. 

Aged — elderly,  old,  senile. 

Agent — deputy,  factor,  representa- 
tive, substitute. 

Aggregate,  to — accumulate,  collect, 
take  together. 

Agile — active,  alert,  assiduous,  in- 
dustrious, brisk,  laborious,  lively, 
nimble,  prompt,  quick,  sprightly. 

Agitate,  to— discuss,  disturb,  move, 
shake,  toss. 

Agitation  —  disturbance,  emotion, 
trepidation,  tremor. 

Agony — anguish,  distress,  suffering, 
pain,  pang,  torture. 

Agree,  to — accede,  acquiesce,  assent, 
comply,  concur,  consent. 

Agreeable — acceptable,  conformable, 
grateful,  pleasant,  pleasing,  suitable. 

Agreement  —  accordance,  bargain, 
concurrence,  compact,  contract,  cov- 
enant, [support. 

Aid,  to— assist,  help,  relieve,  succor, 

Aim — aspire,  endeavor,  level,  point. 

Air  —  appearance,  aspect,  manner, 
look,  mien. 

Alarm — affright,  consternation,  ap< 
prehension,  dread,  fear,  fright,  tei* 
ror. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


169 


Alebt — active,  agile,  assiduous,  brisk, 
lively,  nimble,  prompt,  quick. 

Alienate,  to  —  estrange,  transfer, 
withdraw. 

Ally,  to —  appease,  assuage,  calm, 
compose,  soothe,  tranquillize. 

Allege,  to — adduce,  advance,  assign. 

Alleviate,  to — abate,  mitigate,  re- 
lieve, diminish. 

Alliance  —  coalition,  combination, 
confederacy,  league,  union. 

Allot,  to — appoint,  apportion,  assign, 
distribute. 

Allowance— concession,  permission, 
grant,  pay,  salary,  stipend,  wages. 

Allude,  to— glance  at,  hint,  refer,  in- 
timate, suggest. 

Allure,  to— attract,  decoy,  entice,  se- 
duce, tempt. 

Almo  st  —nearly. 

Alter,  to — change,  vary. 

Always  —  constantly,  continually, 
ever,  incessantly,  perpetually. 

Amass,  to — accumulate,  gather,  col- 
lect, heap  up,  pile  up. 

Amazement  —  admiration,  astonish- 
ment, surprise,  wonder. 

Ambiguous — doubtful,  equivocal,  in- 
distinct, obscure,  uncertain. 

Amenable  —  accountable,  answera- 
ble, responsible. 

Amend,  to — better,  correct,  emend, 
improve,  mend,  rectify,  reform. 

Amends— reparation,  restitution,  re- 
storation. 

Amiable  —  charming,  friendly,  de- 
lightful, kind,  lovely,  obliging. 

Ample  —  abundant,  capacious,  copi- 
ous, plenteous,  spacious. 

Amusement  —  diversion,  entertain- 
ment, pastime,  recreation,  sport. 

Analogy  —  proportion,  resembling, 
similar. 

Anger,  to— aggravate,  enrage,  exas- 
perate, incite,  increase,  inflame,  pro- 
voke, stimulate. 

Angry— hasty,  hot,  irascible,  passion- 
ate. 

Anguish —agony,  distress,  pain,  suf- 
fering. 

Animate,  to — cheer,  enliven,  exhilar- 
ate, impel,  incite,  inspire,  instigate, 
urge. 

Animation— buoyancy,  gayety,  life, 
liveliness,  spirits,  vivacity. 

Animosity— enmity,  malignity,  hos- 
tility. 

Annex,  to — affix,  attach,  subjoin. 

Annotation — comment,  elucidation, 
note,  observation,  remark. 

Announce,  to  — advertise,  declare, 
proclaim,  publish.  [tease. 

Airaox,  to— incommode,  molest,  vex, 


Annul,  to — abolish,  abrogate,  annihi- 
late, cancel,  destroy,  repeal,  revoke. 

Answer  —  rejoinder,  reply,  replica- 
tion, response. 

Answerable— accountable,  amena- 
ble, correspondent,  responsible,  suit- 
able. 

Antagonist  —  adversary,  opponent, 
enemy,  foe. 

Antecedent  —  anterior,  preceding, 
fanner,  foregoing,  previous,  prior. 

Anticipate,  to — foretaste,  foresee,  pre- 
cede, prejudge,  prepossess,  prevent. 

Antipathy  — "abhorrence,  aversion, 
contrariety,  detestation,  dislike, 
hatred,  opposition,  repugnance. 

Anxiety— care,  caution,  perplexity, 
solicitude. 

Apathy — indifference,  insensibility, 
unfeelingness. 

Aperture— cavity,  opening. 

Apology — defence,  excuse,  plea. 

Apparent  —  clear,  distinct,  evident, 
manifest,  obvious,  plain,  visible. 

Appeal,  to— call  upon,  invoke,  refer. 

Appearance— air,  aspect,  look,  man- 
ner, mien,  semblance. 

Appease,  to — allay,  assuage,  calm, 
compose,  pacify,  propitiate,  tran- 
quillize, soothe. 

Applaud,  to — approve,  commend,  ex- 
tol, praise. 

Applause — acclamation,  exultation, 
plaudit,  shouting. 

Appoint,  to — allot,  constitute,  depute, 
fix,  ordain,  order,  prescribe,  provide. 

Appreciate,  to  —  esteem,  estimate, 
note,  prize,  value. 

Apprehension — alarm,  dread,  fear, 
fright,  seizure,  suspicion,  terror. 

Apprise,  to — acquaint,  communicate, 
disclose,  make  known,  inform. 

Approach— access,  admittance,  ad- 
mission. 

Approbation — approval,  concurrence, 
consent. 

Appropriate,  to — allot,  arrogate,  as- 
sign, assume,  usurp. 

Appropriate — exclusive,  particular, 
peculiar. 

Approve — applaud,  allow,  commend, 
esteem,  like. 

Approximate,  to  —  approach,  come 
near. 

Arbitrary— absolute,  despotic,  pre- 
emptory,  tyrannical. 

Arbitrator— arbiter,  judge,  umpire. 

Archives— annals,  chronicles,  records, 
registers. 

Ardent — eager,  fervent,  fiery,  ht»t, 
passionate,  vehement. 

Arduous — difficult,  hard. 

Argument— dispute,  proof,  reason. 


170 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Arise,  to — ascend,  mount,  scale,  rise. 

Arraign,  to — accuse,  censure,  im- 
peach, charge. 

Arrange,  to— class,  dispose,  place, 
range. 

Array— apparel,  attire,  show,  exhibi- 
tion. 

Arrogance — assumption,  self-conceit, 
pride,  haughtiness,  presumption, 
usurpation,  vanity. 

Artful — artificial,  cunning,  crafty, 
deceitful,  dexterous. 

Articulate,  to — pronounce,  speak, 
utter. 

Artifice — cheat,  deception,  deceit, 
finesse,  imposition,  stratagem. 

Artless — candid,  fair,  frank,  honest, 
ingenuous,  open,  plain. 

Ascendency  —  authority,  influence, 
domination,  sway. 

Ascendant — elevation,  height,  pre- 
dominance. 

Ascribe,  to — attribute,  impute. 

Ask,  to — beg,  beseech,  demand,  en- 
treat, inquire,  request,  solicit. 

Aspect — air,  appearance,  mien,  look. 

Asperity  —  acrimony,  harshness, 
roughness,  smartness,  tartness. 

Asperse,  to— accuse  falsely,  calumni- 
ate, defame,  detract,  scandalize, 
slander,  vilify. 

Aspire,  to — aim,  desire. 

Assault,  to — assail,  attack,  encoun- 
ter. 

Assemble,  to — collect,  convene,  con- 
voke, gather,  muster. 

Assent  —  agreement,  acquiescence, 
approbation,  concurrence,  consent. 

Assessment — impost,  rate,  tax. 

Asseverate,  to — affirm,  assert,  as- 
sure, aver,  declare,  pronounce,  pro- 
test, vouch. 

Assign,  to— adduce,  advance,  allot, 
allege,  apportion,  make  over. 

Assimilate,  to — convert,  feign,  resem- 
ble, cause. 

Assist,  to — aid,  help,  relieve,  succor. 

Assistant — an  auxiliary,  helper. 

Associate— ally,  coadjutor,  compan- 
ion, confederate,  partner. 

Assume,  to — affect,  appropriate,  arro- 
gate, suppose,  usurp. 

Assurance— confidence,  expectation, 
conviction,  impudence,  persuasion. 

Assure,  to — affirm,  assert,  asseverate, 
aver,  promise,  protest,  secure, 
vouch. 

Astonishment — admiration,  wonder, 
amazement,  surprise. 

Astute— arch,  artful,  cunning,  pene- 
trating, wily,  crafty. 

Asylum— refuge,  retreat,  sanctuary, 
shelter. 


Atrocious — criminal,  flagrant,  flagk 
tious,  heinous,  wicked. 

Attach,  to  —  adhere,  affix,  annex, 
cleave,  connect,  hold,  subjoin. 

Attachment  —  adherence,  affection, 
fondness,  inclination,  liking,  love. 

Attain,  to — acquire,  arrive  at,  come 
to,  gain,  get,  obtain,  reach,  procure. 

Attack,  to — assail,  assault,  impugn, 
encounter. 

Attempt  —  effort,  endeavor,  enter- 
prise, essay,  trial,  undertaking. 

Attentive  —  careful,  thoughtful, 
heedful,  mindful,  regardful,  studi- 
ous. 

Attitude — action,  gesticulation,  ges- 
ture, posture. 

Attract,  to — allure,  captivate,  win, 
charm,  draw,  entice. 

Attractions — allurements,  charms. 

Attribute,  to— ascribe,  impute. 

Attribute— property,  quality. 

Audacity — boldness,  effrontery,  im- 
pudence, hardihood. 

Augmentation — accession,  addition, 
increase. 

Auspicious  —  favorable,  propitious, 
prosperous. 

Authentic — authorized,  genuine. 

Authority — ascendency,  dominion, 
force,  influence,  power,  sway. 

Avarice — covetousness,  cupidity. 

Averse — adverse,  backward,  loth,  re- 
luctant, repugnant,  unwilling. 

Aversion  —  antipathy,  abhorrence, 
detestation,  dislike,  repugnance. 

Avidity — eagerness,  greediness. 

Avocation  —  business,  calling,  em- 
ployment, occupation,  office,  pro- 
fession, trade. 

Avoid,  to — elude,  eschew,  shun. 

Avow,  to — acknowledge,  confess,  own, 
recognize. 

Awake,  to — arouse,  excite,  provoke. 

Awe — dread,  fear,  reverence.  [dy. 

Awkward — clumsy,  uncouth,  unhan- 

Babbling  —  foolish  talk,  garrulity, 
loquacity,  talkativeness. 

Backward  —  averse,  loth,  reluctant, 
unwilling. 

Bad — evil,  unsound,  wicked. 

Badge — mark,  sign,  stigma,  token. 

Baffle,  to— confuse,  confound,  defeat, 
disconcert,  elude. 

B.llance,  to  —  adjust,  counterpoise, 
equalize,  equipoise,  poise,  regulate, 
settle,  weigh. 

Banter,  to — deride,  mock,  rally,  ridi- 
cule, taunt. 

Bare— destitute,  mere,  naked,  uncov- 
ered, scanty,  stripped,  unadorned. 

Bargain,  to — buy,  cheapen,  contract, 
purchase. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


m 


Base — dishonorable,  low,  mean,  vile. 

Bashful  —  diffident,  modest,  timid, 
shy. 

Basis— foundation,  ground,  pedestal. 

Bastard— not  genuine,  illegitimate, 
spurious. 

Battle — engagement,  fight,  combat. 

Beam— gleam,  ray. 

Bear,  to — bring  forth,  carry,  endure, 
produce,  suffer,  support,  sustain, 
undergo. 

Bearing— endurance,  tolerance,  man- 
ner, mien,  patience,  suffering,  sup- 
porting, sufferance,  toleration. 

Beat,  ta— defeat,  hit,  overpower,  over- 
throw, strike. 

Beau— gallant,  spark,  sweetheart. 

Beautiful — fine,  handsome,  pretty. 

Beautify,  to — adorn,  decorate,  embel- 
lish, deck,  ornament. 

Becoming  —befitting,  comely,  meet, 
decent,  fit,  graceful,  suitable. 

Beg,  to— ask,  beseech,  crave,  entreat, 
implore,  request,  solicit,  supplicate. 

Begin,  to  —  commence,  enter  upon, 
originate. 

Beguile,  to — amuse,  deceive,  delude, 
impose  upon,  mislead. 

Behavior  —  address,  carriage,  de- 
meanor, conduct,  deportment,  man- 
ner, mien. 

Behold,  to  —  eye,  look,  observe,  see, 
view. 

Beholder— looker  on,  observer,  spec- 
tator. 

Belief — assent,  certainty,  conviction, 
confidence,  credit,  faith,  reliance, 
opinion,  trust. 

Below — beneath,  under. 

Bend,  to—  distort,  incline,  lean,  sub- 
due. 

Beneath— below,  under. 

Beneficent — benevolent,  bounteous, 
bountiful,  charitable,  generous,  lib- 
eral, munificent,  philanthropic. 

Bequeath,  to— devise,  give. 

Bereave,  to — deprive,  strip,take  from. 

Beseech,  to — beg,  crave,  entreat,  im- 
plore, request,  solicit,  supplicate. 

Bestow,  to — confer,  give,  grant. 

Better,  to  —  amend,  ameliorate, 
emend,  improve,  reform. 

Bewail,  to— bemoan,  lament. 

Blame,  to — censure,  condemn,  repre- 
hend, reproach,  reprove,  upbraid. 

Blameless— faultless,  guiltless,  inno- 
cent, irreproachable,  spotless,  un- 
blemished. 

Bland— gentle,  mild,  soft. 

Blast,  to — annihilate,  destroy,  deso- 
late, strike,  wither  up. 

Blemish— defect,  fault,  flaw,  speck, 
sput* 


Blunder — error,  mistake. 

Boaster  —  braggadocio,  braggard, 
braggart,  bravado. 

Boasting — ostentation,  parade,  rhod- 
omontade,  vain-glory,  vaunting. 

Boisterous — furious,  impetuous,  ve- 
hement, violent. 

Bold  —  audacious,  intrepid,  daring, 
fearless,  impudent,  insolent,  un- 
daunted. 

Bondage  —  confinement,  imprison- 
ment, servitude,  slavery. 

Border— brim,  brink,  edge,  margin, 
rim,  verge. 

Bore,  to — penetrate,  pierce,  perforate. 

Bound,  to — circumscribe,  confine,  lim- 
it, restrict,  terminate. 

Boundless — illimitable,  infinite,  un- 
bounded, unlimited. 

Bounty — beneficence,  benevolent,  be- 
nignity, generosity,  liberality. 

Brave  —  bold,  courageous,  daring, 
fearless,  heroic,  intrepid,  magnani- 
mous. 

Brave,  to — challenge,  dare,  defy. 

Breach — break,  chasm,  gap,  opening. 

Break,  to— batter,  demolish,  destroy, 
dissolve,  rend,  tame. 

Breaker — billow,  surge,  wave. 

Brief — compendious,  concise,  laconic, 
short,  succinct,  summary. 

Bright— brilliant,  clear,  glistening, 
glittering,  limpid,  lucid,  resplen- 
dent, shining,  sparkling,  transpar- 
ent. 

Brilliancy  —  brightness,  radiance, 
luster,  splendor.  [rim,  verge. 

Brim — border,  brink,   edge,    margin, 

Broad  —  ample,  extensive,  large, 
wide. 

Broil— affray,  altercation,  feud,  fray, 
quarrel. 

Bruise,  to  —  break,  crush,  pound, 
squeeze. 

Bud,  to — germinate,  shoot  forth, 
sprout. 

Build,  to — construct,  erect,  found. 

Bulk — extent,  greatness,  magnitude. 

Burden — cargo,  freight,  weight,  loadc 

Burning — ardent,  fiery,  hot. 

Burst,  to— break,  crack,  rend,  split. 

Business — avocation,  calling,  duty, 
employment,  engagement,  occupa- 
tion, profession,  trade. 

Bustle— hurry,  tumult. 

But  —  except,  excepting,  however, 
nevertheless,  notwithstanding,  save, 
still,  yet. 

Butchery — carnage,  slaughter,  mas- 


Buy,  to — bargain,  cheapen,  purchase. 
Cabal— combination,  conspiracy,  in- 
trigue, plot. 


172 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Cajole,  to— coax,  fawn,  flatter,  whee- 
dle. 

Calamity — disaster,  mischance,  mis- 
fortune, mishap. 

Calculate,  to  —  compute,  count,  esti- 
mate, number,  reckon. 

Call,  to — bid,  cry,  exclaim,  invite, 
name,  summon. 

Calling  —  avocation,  business,  em- 
ployment, engagement,  occupation, 
office,  trade,  profession. 

Callous — hard,  insensible,  obdurate, 
unfeeling,  unsusceptible. 

Calm,  to  —  allay,  appease,  assuage, 
compose,  pacify,  soothe^  tranquillize. 

Cancel,  to — abolish,  annul,  abrogate, 
destroy,  repeal,  revoke. 

Candid— artless,  frank,  open,  honest, 
ingenuous. 

Capable— able,  competent,  effective, 
fitted,  qualified,  skilful. 

Capacious— ample,  spacious. 

Capacity  —  ability,  capability,  effi- 
ciency, faculty,  genius,  talent. 

Caprice— fancy,  freak,  humor. 

Capbicious  —changeable,  fantastical, 
fickle,  variable,  whimsical. 

Captious — cross,  fretful,  peevish,  pet- 
ulant. 

Captivate,  to — attract,  charm,  en- 
chant, enrapture,  enslave,  fascinate, 
take  prisoner. 

Captivity  —  bondage,  confinement, 
imprisonment. 

Capture — prize,  seizure. 

Cake— anxiety,  attention,  concern, 
management,  regard,  solicitude. 

Careful — attentive,  cautious,  heed- 
ful, provident,  solicitous. 

Careless — heedless,  inattentive,  in- 
cautious, remiss,  thoughtless. 

Caress,  to — endear,  fondle. 

Carnage — butchery,  slaughter,  mas- 
sacre. 

Carousal— banquet,  feast,  treat,  en- 
tertainment. 

Carriage— behavior,  demeanor,  de- 
portment, gait,  manner,  mien, 
walk. 

Carry,  to — bear,  convey,  transport. 

Case— condition,  contingence,  situa- 
tion, plight,  predicament,  state. 

Cast,  to— hurl,  throw. 

Casual — accidental,  contingent,  for- 
tuitous, incidental. 

Catch,  to — capture,  grasp,  gripe,  lay 
hold  of,  seize,  snatch. 

Catching  —  contagious,  pestilential, 
infectious. 

Category — class,  order,  predicament, 
rank. 

Cause — incitement,  inducement,  mo- 
tive, origin,  reason,  source. 


Caution— admonition,  advice,  notiee^ 
care,  circumspection,  solicitude, 
warning. 

Cautious — careful,  circumspect,  pru* 
dent,  wary,  watchful. 

Cease,  to — desist,  discontinue,  leave 
off. 

Celebrated— famous,  illustrious,  re« 
nowned. 

Celebrate,  to — commend,  extol,  laud, 
perpetuate,  praise. 

Celerity  —  fleetness,  quickness,  ra« 
pidity,  speed,  swiftness,  velocity. 

Censure— blame,  condemnation,  re- 
buke, reproach,  remonstrance,  re* 
primand,  stricture. 

Censure,  to  —  accuse,  blame,  carp, 
cavil,  condemn,  reproach,  upbraid. 

Ceremony— form,  observance,  rite. 

Certain — actual,  doubtless,  positive, 
real,  sure. 

Chagrin— fretfulness,  mortification, 
vexation. 

Challenge,  to — accuse,  call,  claim, 
defy,  demand,  except,  object,  sum- 
mons. 

Chance  (happen  by),  to— accidental, 
casual,  contingent,  fortuitous,  inci- 
dental. 

Change— alteration^  conversion,  mu- 
tation,  variety,  variation,  vicissi- 
tude. 

Changeable — fickle,  inconstant,  mu- 
table, uncertain,  unstable,  unsteady, 
variable. 

Characteb — description,  letter,mark, 
representation,  reputation. 

Charge,  to — accuse,  arraign,  attack, 
commission,  command,  entrust,  im- 
peach, inculpate,  load. 

Charity  —  alms,  benevolence,  good* 
will,  kindness,  liberality,  love. 

Charm,  to— attract,  bewitch,  capti- 
vate, delight,  fascinate,  enrapture. 

Chasten,  to— afflict,  chastise,  correct, 
punish. 

Chasteness  —  chastity,  continence, 
purity,  simplicity. 

Chastise,  to— afflict,  chasten,  correct, 
punish.  [movables. 

Chattels — effects,    furniture,    goods, 

Cheat  —  artifice,  deception,  deceit, 
fraud,  finesse,  imposition,  strata- 
gem. 

Check,  to — control,  curb,  inhibit,  re- 
buke, repress,  reprove,  stop. 

Cheer,  to  — comfort,  encourage,  en- 
liven, gladden,  exhilarate,  incite. 

Cheerfulness  —  gladness,  blithe- 
someness,  gayety,  jollity,  liveliness, 
vivacity,  mirth,  sprightliness. 

Cherish,  to  —  foster,  indulge,  help, 
nourish,  nurture,  shelter,  warsa. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


173 


Chide,  to  —check,  rebuke,  reprove,  re- 
primand, scold. 

Chew,  to— masticate. 

Chiefly — especially,  mainly,  particu- 
larly, principally. 

Childish— infantine,  puerile. 

CniDDHOOD—infancy,  minority. 

Children — issue,  offspring,  progeny. 

Choke,  to — smother,  stifle,  suffocate. 

Choice — election,  option,  selection. 

Choose,  to — elect,  pick,  prefer,  select. 

Circulate,  to — diffuse,  disseminate, 
propagate,  spread. 

Circumscribe,  to— hound,  confine,  en- 
close, restrict,  limit. 

Circumstance — incident,  condition, 
event,  fact,  position,  situation,  state. 

Circumspect  —  cautious,  particular, 
prudent,  vigilant,  wary,  watchful. 

Circumstantial— accidental,  inciden- 
tal, minute,  particular. 

Civil  —  affable,  complaisant,  courte- 
ous, obliging,  polished,  polite,  well- 
bred. 

Civilization  —  culture,  cultivation, 
refinement. 

Claim— pretension,  right. 

Clandestine — hidden,  private,  secret. 

Class— degree,  division,  grade,  order, 
rank. 

Class,  to— arrange,  classify,  distrib- 
ute, range,  rank. 

Cleansing  —  abstergent,  abstersive, 
purifying,  purging,  purgative. 

Clear,  to  —  absolve,  acquit,  clarify, 
cleanse,  discharge,  forgive,  pardon, 
remit,  satisfy,  vindicate. 

Clear  —  apparent,  bright,  distinct, 
evident,  free,  guiltless,  lucid,  mani- 
fest, obvious,  perspicuous,  plain, 
pure. 

Clearly  —  distinctly,  explicitly,  lu- 
cidly, manifestly,  obviously,  plainly, 
visibly. 

Clemency— lenity,  mercy,  mildness, 


Clever— adroit,  dexterous,  expert,  in- 
genious, skilful,  talented,  wise. 

Climb,  to— ascend,  get  up,  mount, 
scale. 

Cling,  to — adhere,  clasp,  cleave,  hang, 
hold,  stick. 

Close  —  compact,  concise,  confined, 
dense,  firm,  narrow,  near,  nigh, 
shut  last,  solid,  sly,  trusting. 

Clothes  —  apparel,  array,  attire, 
dress,   garments,  raiment,  vesture. 

Clouded — dark,  gloomy,  obscured, 
overcast,  spotted,  sullen,  variegated. 

Clumsy  —  awkward,  uncouth,  un- 
handy, untoward. 

Coadjutor— ally  assistant,  colleague, 
partner. 


Coalition  —  alliance,  combination, 
confederacy,  connection,  conspiracy, 
league,  union. 

Coarse  —  gross,  inelegant,  mean, 
rough,  rude,  vulgar. 

Coax,  to — cajole,  fawn,  flatter,  whee« 
die. 

Coerce,  to — check,  compel,  restrain. 

Cognomen  —  appellation,  denomina- 
tion, name,  title. 

Coherent  —  connected,  united,  con*, 
sistent. 

Cohesive— adhesive,  sticking,  tena- 
cious. 

Coincide— agree^  concur. 

Cold — chaste,  chill,  coy,  frigid,  re- 
served, unaffecting. 

Colleague — ally,  assistant,  associate, 
coadjutor,  partner. 

Collected — assembled,  calm,compos- 
ed,  gathered,  drawn  together,  placid. 

Collection  —  assemblage,  contribu- 
tion, group. 

Colloquy — conference,  conversation, 
dialogue,  talk. 

Color — hue,  tinge,  tint. 

Combination — alliance,  cabal,  coali- 
tion, confederacy,  league,  conspir- 
acy, union. 

Comely  —  agreeable,  becoming,  de- 
cent, graceful,  seemly. 

Comfort,  to — console,  encourage,  en- 
liven, solace,  strengthen,  support. 

Comfortless— desolate,  forlorn,  dis- 
consolate, wretched. 

Comic  —  droll,  laughable,  ludicrous, 
mirthful,  ridiculous. 

Command— behest,  injunction,  man- 
date, order,  precept. 

Commanding —  authoritative,  direct- 
ing, imperative,  imperious. 

Commence  to — begin,  originate. 

Commend,  to— applause,  extol,  laud, 
praise,  recommend. 

Commensurate  —  adequate,  equal, 
proportionate. 

Cobiment  —  annotation,  elucidation, 
explanation,  exposition,  note,  ob- 
servation, remark. 

Commiseration — compassion,  condo- 
lence, pity,  sympathy. 

Commission,  to — authorize,  empower. 

Commodious  —  convenient,  suitable, 
useful. 

Commodity  —  goods,  merchandise, 
wares. 

Common  —  equal,  frequent,  general, 
low,  mean,  ordinaiy,  usual,  vulgar. 

Commotion— disturbance,  perturba- 
tion, tumult. 

Communicate,  to  —  disclose,  make 
known,  impart,  partake  of,  partici- 
pate, reveal. 


174 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS, 


Communication — commerce,    confer- 
ence, imparting,  intercourse. 
Communion— converse,  fellowship,  in- 
tercourse, union. 
Commute,  to  —  bargain,   barter,  ex- 
change, truck. 
Compact — agreement,  contract,  cove- 
nant, firm,  solid,  close. 
Companion— accomplice,    ally,    asso- 
ciate, coadjutor,  comrade,  confeder- 
ate, partner. 
Company— assembly,  assemblage,  as- 
sociation, congregation,  corporation. 
Comparison— simile,  similitude. 
Compass,  to— attain,  besiege,  consum- 
mate, enclose,  encircle,  environ,  in- 
vest, procure. 
Compassion  —  commiseration,     pity, 

sympathy. 
Compatible — consistent,  suitable, 
Compel,  to— force,  necessitate,  oblige. 
Compendious — brief,  concise,  laconic, 

shout,  succinct,  summary. 
Compensation — amends,  recompense, 

remuneration,  requital,  reward. 
Competent — able,  capable,  effective, 
efficient,    fitted,    qualified,    skilful, 
suitable. 
Competition — contest,  emulation. 
Complaining — bewailing,  lamenting, 
murmuring,  querulous,  regretting, 
repining. 
Complaisant— affable,    civil,    courte- 
ous, obliging. 
Complete,  to  —  accomplish,  achieve, 
consummate,  effect,  execute,  finish, 
fulfill,  perfect,  terminate. 
Complete — accomplished,  entire,  fin- 
ished, full,  perfect,  total,  whole. 
Complex  —  complicate,      compound, 

composite,  intricate. 
Compliment,  to — adulate,    congratu- 
late, flatter,  praise. 
Comply,  to — accede,  accord  with,  ac- 
quiesce, assent,  consent,  yield. 
Compose,  to — calm,   compound,  con- 
stitute, form,  put  together,  settle, 
soothe. 
Compound — complex,  complicate,  in- 
tricate, 
Comprehend,  to — comprise,  conceive, 

embrace,  include,  understand. 
Comprehension  —  capacity,    knowl- 
edge, [press. 
Compress,    to  —  condense,     squeeze, 
Compulsion  —  coercion,     constraint, 

force,  restraint. 
Compunction — contrition,  penitence, 

remorse,  repentance. 
Compute,  to — calculate,    count,    esti- 
mate, number,  rate,  reckon. 
Concede,   to — admit,    allow,   deliver, 
grant,  surrender,  yield. 


Conceal,  to— cover,  disguise,  dissenv 

ble,  hide,  secrete. 
Conceit— fancy,  imagination,    pride, 

vanity, 
Conceited— egotistical,    opinionated, 

proud,  vain. 
Conception  —  apprehension,     fancy, 
imagination,  idea,  knowledge,   no- 
tion, perception. 
Concern— affair,  business,    care,  in- 
terest, matter,  regard. 
Concert,   to — adjust,    consult    with, 

contrive,  manage. 
Conciliate,  to— propitiate,  reconcile, 

win. 
Concise— brief,  compendious,  laconic, 

short,  succinct,  summary. 
Conclude,  to— close,  finish,terminate. 
Conclusion — deduction,    end,    infer- 
ence, termination. 
Conclusive — convincing,  decisive. 
Concomitant— accompaniment,  com- 
panion. 
Concord  —  agreement,    amity,    har- 
mony, peace,  unity. 
Concur,  to— acquiesce,  agree,  approve, 

coincide. 
Condemn,  to — blame,  censure,  doom, 
reproach,  reprove,  reprobate,    sen- 
tence, upbraid. 
Condense,     to — compress,     contract, 

thicken. 
Condescension— complaisance,  defer- 
ence, humility. 
Condition — article,  bond,  case,  com- 
pact, plight,  predicament,  rank,  sit- 
uation, state,  stipulation. 
Condolence — commiseration,  lamen- 
tation, compassion,  sympathy. 
Conduce,    to  —conduct,     contribute, 

lead,  tend. 
Conduct — behavior,    demeanor,   de- 
portment, guidance,  management. 
Confederate— accomplice,  ally. 
Confer,  to — bestow,    compare,    con- 
duce, discourse,  give. 
Confess,  to — acknowledge,  avow,  dis- 
close, grant,  own,  recognize. 
Confide,    to  — depend,    rely,    repose, 
)     trust. 
Confident — absolute,  bold,  dogmati- 
cal, impudent,  positive. 
Confined — circumscribed,  contracted, 
imprisoned,  limited,     narrow,    re» 
strained,  shut  up. 
Confirm,  to  —  coroborate,   establish, 

strengthen. 
Conflict — agony,  combat,contention, 

contest,  fight,  pang,  struggle. 
Conform,  to — comply,  submit,  yield. 
Confuse,  to— abash,  confound,  disor- 
der, disconcert,  embarrass,  hurry, 
perplex,  stupefy. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


175 


Confused — deranged,  disordered,  in- 
discriminate, indistinct,  intricate, 
mixed,  perplexed. 

Confute,  to — convince,  convict,  dis- 
prove, oppugn,  refute. 

Congratulate,  to— felicitate,  compli- 
ment. 

Congeuity  — agreement,  correspond- 
ence. 

Conjecture— belief,  supposition,  sur- 
mise, guess,  think. 

Connected — joined,  related,  united. 

Connection — association,  commerce, 
communication,  family  intercourse, 
society,  union. 

Conquer,  to — overcome,  subdue,  sub- 
jugate, surmount,  vanquish 

Conscious  —  apprised,  aware,  sensi- 
ble. 

Consent,  to — acquiesce,  accede,  agree, 
assent,  comply. 

Consequence— effect,  issue,  result. 

Consequently  —  accordingly,  hence, 
then,  thence,  therefore,  wherefore. 

Consider,  to — deliberate,  ponder,  re- 
flect, regard.  • 

Consign,  to — commit,  entrust,  make 
over,  transfer. 

Consistent  —  accordant,  consonant, 
firm. 

Console,  to — comfort,  solace,  soothe. 

Conspicuous— distinguished.eminent, 
illustrious,  noted,  prominent. 

Constancy— firmness,  stability,  stead- 


Constantly  —  continually,  ever,  in- 
cessantly, perpetually,  unchange- 
ably. 

Constitute,  to  —  appoint,  compose, 
depute,  form. 

Constraint  —  coercion,  compulsion, 
confinement. 

Construct,  to — build,  compile,  consti- 
tute, erect. 

Consult,  to — advise  with,  debate,  de- 
liberate. 

Consume,  to — absorb,  destroy,  engulf, 
imbibe,  swallow  up,  waste, 

Consummation  —  completion,  finish, 
perfection. 

Contact — juncture,  touch. 

Contagious — infectious,  pestilential. 

Contain,  to  —  comprehend,  comprise, 
embrace,  hold,  include. 

Contaminate,  to — corrupt,  defile,  pol- 
lute, taint. 

Contemn,  to— despise,  disdain,  scorn. 

Contemplate — meditate,  muse. 

Contemptible  —  contemptuous,  des- 
picable, disdainful,  mean,  paltry, 
pitiful,  vile. 

Contend,  to — argue,  debate,  dispute, 
•*utest,  strive,  vie. 


Contention  —  combat,  conflict,  con- 
test, discord,  dispute,  strife,  dissen- 
sion. 

Contentment — acquiescence,  gratifi- 
cation, satisfaction. 

Contiguous— adjacent,  adjoining,  ap- 
proximating to. 

Contingency  —  accident,  adventure, 
casualty,  event,  incident,occurrence. 

Continual— constant,  continuous,  in- 
cessant, perpetual,  unceasing. 

Continuation — continuance,  continu- 
ity, duration. 

Contract — agreement,  bargain,  com- 
pact, covenant. 

Contract,  to  —  abbreviate,  abridge, 
condense,  reduce,  shorten. 

Contradict,  to — deny,  oppose. 

Contrary — adverse,  inimical,  oppo- 
site, repugnant. 

Contribute,  to — administer,  conduce, 
minister. 

Contrition — compunction,  penitence, 
remorse,  repentance. 

Contrivance — device,  plan,  inven- 
tion, scheme. 

Control,  to — check,  curb,  govern,  re- 
strain. 

Controversy— contest,  debate,  dispu- 
tation. 

Convene,  to  —  assemble,  bring  to- 
gether, convoke. 

Convenient— adapted,  commodious, 
suitable. 

Conversation — colloquy,  conference, 
dialogue. 

Converse — communion,  conversation, 
discourse. 

Converse,  to  —  commune,  discourse, 
speak,  talk. 

Convey,  to — bear,  carry,  transport. 

Conviction  —  confutation,  detection, 
persuasion,  satisfaction. 

Convivial — festal,  social,  sociable. 

Convoke,  to— assemble,  call  together, 
convene. 

Copious — abundant,  ample,  exuber- 
ant, full,  plenteous,  plentiful. 

Cordial — hearty,  reviving,  sincere, 
warm. 

Correct,  to — amend,  better,  emend, 
improve,  mend,  rectify,  reform. 

Correctness  —  accuracy,  exactness, 
exactitude,  faultlessness,  justness, 
precision,  propriety. 

Corroborate,  to — confirm,  establish, 
strengthen. 

Corruption — adulteration,  contamin- 
ation, defilement,  depravity,  infec- 
tion, pollution,  putridity. 

Costly — precious,  valuable. 

Counsel— advice,  consultation,  intel* 
ligence,  instruction,  notice. 


176 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Counteract — defeat,  frustrate,  hin- 
der, oppose,  prevent. 

Countenance — encourage,  sanction, 
favor,  support. 

Counterfeit — feigned,  false,  forced, 
imitation,  imposture,  spurious. 

Couple— brace,  pair,  two. 

Courage — bravery,  fearlessness,  firm- 
ness, gallantry,  heroism,  intrepidity, 
valor. 

Course — career,  line,  method,  mode, 
passage,  progress,  road,  route,  series, 
succession,  track,  way. 

Courteous  —  affable,  complaisant, 
conciliating,  civil,  kind,  respectful, 
polished,  polite,  well-bred. 

Covenant — agreement,  bargain,  con- 
tract, pledge,  stipulation. 

Covering— concealing,  hiding,  over- 
spreading, screening,  sheltering, 
tegument. 

Covert  —  close,  concealed,  defence, 
hiding-place,  sudden,  secret,  shel- 
ter, thicket, 

Covetousness — avarice,  cupidity,  in- 
ordinate desire. 

Coward — dastard,  poltroon, 

Cowardice — cowardliness,  fear,  pu- 
sillinamity,  timidity. 

Crafty  —  artful,  cunning,  deceitful, 
sly,  subtle,  wily. 

Crave,  to — beg,  beseech,  entreat,  im- 
plore, request,  solicit,  supplicate. 

Create,  to— cause,  constitute,  form, 
invest,  make,  occasion,  originate, 
produce,  shape. 

Crime— guilt,  sin,  vice,  wickedness. 

Cringe,  to— bow,  crouch,  fawn,  flatter, 
stoop. 

Crisis — conjuncture,  juncture. 

Criticism — animadversion,  censure, 
judgment,  remark,  review,  stric- 
ture. 

Crooked — awry,  bent,  bowed,  curved, 
deformed,  disfigured,  incurvated, 
oblique. 

Cross — fretful,  ill-tempered,  peevish, 
petulant,  splenetic. 

Cross,  to — contravene,  defer,  embar- 
rass, hinder,  impede,  oppose,  ob- 
struct, retard,  perplex,  thwart,  vex. 

Cruel — barbarous,  brutal  ferocious, 
inhuman,  inexorable,  merciless,  pit- 
iless, unmerciful. 

Culpable  —  blamable,  censurable, 
faulty. 

Cultivation — civilization,  improve- 
ment, tillage,  refinement. 

Cunning — artifice,  crafty,  designing, 
deceitful,  duplicity,  skilful,  sly,*ub- 
tle,  wily.      , 

Cupidity— avarice,  covetousness,  in- 
ordinate desire, 


Cure,  to — heal,  remedy,  restore. 

Curious — inquisitive,  prying. 

Curse — anathema,  execration,  impre* 
cation,  malediction. 

Cursory — careless,  desultory,  hasty, 
slight,  superficial. 

Curtail,  to — abbreviate,  abridge,  con- 
tract, shorten. 

Custom  —  fashion,  habit,  manner, 
practice,  prescription,  usage. 

Damage  —  detriment,  hurt,  injury, 
loss. 

Dampness — humidity,  moisture. 

Danger — hazard,  peril,  risk,  venture. 

Daring  —  bold,  brave,  courageous, 
fearless,  intrepid,  valorous. 

Dark — dim,  dismal,  gloomy,  mysteri- 
ous, obscure,  opaque. 

Darken,  to — cloud,  dim,  mystify,  ob- 
scure, perplex,  grow  dark. 

Date— age,  era,  epoch,  period,  time. 

Dead — deceased,  inanimate,  lifeless, 
still,  tasteless,  vapid. 

Deadly — destructive,  fatal,  implaca- 
ble, mortal. 

Dealing — action,  commerce,  distrib- 
uting, practice,  trade,  traffic. 

Dearth  —  famine,  need,  scarcity, 
want. 

Debar,  to — deprive,  exclude,  hinder, 
preclude,  prevent. 

Debase,  to — abase,  degrade,  disgrace, 
humble. 

Debate,  to  —  argue,  contest,  contro* 
vert,  dispute. 

Debilitate,  to  —  enervate,  enfeeble, 
impair,  relax,  weaken. 

Debility — imbecility,  weakness,  in- 
firmity. 

Decay — consumption,  decline. 

Decease — death,  demise,  departure. 

Deceit — art,  deception,  double-deal- 
ing, cunning,  duplicity,  fraud,  guile, 
trickery,  wiliness. 

Decent— becoming,  comely,  fit,  grave, 
seemly. 

Decide,  to— determine,  fix,  resolve. 

Decision— determination,  judgment, 
resolution,  sentence. 

Decisive — conclusive,  convincing,  de- 
cided. 

Declare,  to — affirm,  announce,  assert* 
assure,  asseverate,  aver,  proclaim, 
pronounce,  testify. 

Decline,  to— decay,  droop,  refuse,  re- 
ject, repel,  shun,  sink. 

Decorate,  to— adorn,  beautify,  embel- 
lish, ornament. 

Decoy,  to — abduct,  allure,  entice,  en- 
trap, inveigle,  seduce,  tempt. 

Decrease,  to— abate,  diminish,  lessen, 
liquidate,  lower,  subside.  [low. 

Dedicate,  to— consecrate,  devote,  hal* 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


177 


Deduction — conclusion,  inference. 

Deed—  achievement,  accomplishment, 
exploit,  feat. 

Deface,  to— deform,  destroy,  disfigure. 

Defame,  to— accuse  falsely,  asperse, 
caluminate,  scandalize,  slander, 
vilify. 

Defeat,  to  —  baffle,  beat,  conquer, 
disconcert,  frustrate,  overcome, 
overpower,  overthrow,  vanquish. 

Defect — blemish,  fault,  flaw,  imper- 
fection. 

Defective — deficient,  imperfect. 

Defender— advocate,  pleader,  vindi- 
cator. 

Defence — apology,  excuse,  justifica- 
tion, protection,  vindication. 

Defer,  to — delay,  postpone,  procras- 
tinate, prolong,  protract,  retard. 

Deference  —  complaisance,  conde- 
scension, regard,  respect,  submis- 
sion, veneration. 

Defile,  to  -  contaminate,  corrupt, 
pollute,  taint,  vitiate. 

Deficient — defective,  imperfect. 

Definite — bounded,  certain,  exact, 
limited,  positive,  precise. 

Deform,  to — deface,  destroy,  disfigure. 

Defraud,  to  —  cheat,  deceive,  rob, 
trick. 

Degrade— decry,  depreciate,  dispar- 
age, disgrace,  lessen,  lower,  reduce, 
traduce. 

Degree — class,  descent,  order,  qual- 
ity, rank,  station. 

Dejection  —  depression,  melancholy. 

Delay,  to — defer,  detain,  postpone, 
prolong,  protract,  procrastinate, 
stop. 

Deliberate  —  cautious,  circumspect, 
considerate,  gradual,  hesitating, 
slow,  thoughtful,  wary. 

Delicate — beautiful,  choice,  effem- 
inate, elegant,  fine,  nice,  tender, 
weak. 

Delighted— glad,  grateful,  joyful, 
pleased. 

Delightful  —  beautiful,  charming, 
delicious,  gladsome,  lovely. 

Delineate,  to — depict,  describe,  de- 
sign, draw,  paint,  sketch. 

Delinquent— criminal,  offender. 

Deliver,  to — cede,  concede,  free,  give 
up,  pronounce,  relate,  rescue,  save, 
surrender,  transmit,  utter,  yield. 

Delude,  to — beguile,  cheat,  deceive, 
impose  upon,  lead  away,  mislead. 

Delusion— cheat,  fallacy,  guile,  illu- 
sion. 

Demand,  to— ask  for,  claim,  require. 

Demolish,  to — destroy,dismantle,raze. 

Demonstrate,  to — evince,  manifest, 
prove. 


Denominate — designate,  name,  style, 
entitle. 

Denote,  to — betoken,  imply,  mark, 
signify. 

Deny,  to — contradict,  disavow,  dis- 
claim, disown,  oppose,  refuse. 

Departure— abandoning,  death,  de- 
cease, exit,  forsaking,  going  away. 

Dependence — confidence,  connection, 
hanging  on,  reliance,  trust. 

Deplore,  to — bewail,  lament,  mourn. 

Deportment  —  behavior,  carriage, 
conduct,  demeanor,  mien. 

Depraved — abandoned,  corrupt,  prof- 
ligate, vicious,  vitiated,  wicked. 

Depreciate,  to— decry,  degrade,  de- 
tract, disparage,  lower,  traduce,  un- 
dervalue. 

Depression — dejection,  melancholy. 

Deprive,  to— abridge,  debar,  depose, 
divest,  hinder,  strip. 

Depute,  to — appoint,  constitute,  com- 
mission. 

Deputy — delegate,  envoy,  represent- 
ative, substitute. 

Derange,  to  —  confuse,  discompose, 
disconcert,  disorder. 

Deride,  to — banter,  laugh  at,  mock, 
rally,  ridicule,  sneer  at. 

Derive,  to —deduce,  infer,trace. 

Descent— birth,  inclination,  invasion, 
offspring,  succession. 

Describe,  to — delineate,  narrate,  re- 
count, relate,  represent. 

Description — account,  detail,  expla- 
nation, narration,  recital,  relation. 

Design,  to — intend,  mean,  plan,  pro- 
ject, propose,  sketch,  scheme,  pur- 
pose. 

Designate,  to— appoint,  choose,  dis- 
tinguish, indicate,  name,  point  out, 
style. 

Desist,  to — cease,  discontinue,  leave 
off.  [hopelessness. 

Despair — desperation,    despondency, 

Desperate — careless,  desponding,  fu- 
rious, hopeless,  mad. 

Despicable  —  contemptible,  mean, 
pitiful,  vile,  worthless. 

Despise,  to — comtemn,  disdain,  scorn. 

Despite — anger,  defiance,  malice. 

Despotic— absolute,  arbitrary,  self- 
willed. 

Destination— appointment,  design, 
destiny,  fate,  lot,  purpose. 

Destitute— bare,  forlorn,  forsaken, 
scanty. 

Destroy,  to — annihilate,  consume,  de- 
molish, dismantle,  ruin,  waste. 

Desultory  —  cursory,  hasty,  loose, 
roving,  slight,  wavering. 

Detach,  to— disengage,  disjoin,  sepa* 
rate,  sever. 


178 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Detail— account,  description,  expla- 
nation, narration,  recital. 

Detain,  to— hold,  keep,  retain,  re- 
strain. 

Detect,  to  —  convict,  discover,  find 
out. 

Deter,  to — discourage,  dishearten. 

Determine,  to — adjust,  bound,  decide, 
define,  fix,  limit,  resolve,  settle. 

Determined  —  concluded,  decided, 
ended,  firm,  fixed,  immovable,  res- 
olute. 

Detest,  to — abhor,  abominate,  hate, 
loathe. 

Detestable — abominable,  execrable, 
hateful,  loathsome. 

Detract,  to  —  asperse,  calumniate, 
defame,  derogate,  scandalize,  slan- 
der, vilify. 

Detriment— damage,  disadvantage, 
hurt,  injury,  loss,  prejudice. 

Develop,  to— clear,  disclose,  exhibit, 
unfold,  unravel. 

Deviate — digress,  err,  stay,  -wander, 
swerve. 

Device— contrivance,  design,  show, 
invention,  scheme,  stratagem. 

Devote,  to  —  apply,  consecrate,  set 
apart,  dedicate. 

Devout — holy,  pious,  religious. 

Dexterity— ability,  aptness,  adroit- 
ness, expertness,  skilfulness. 

Dialect  —  idiom,  language,  speech, 
tongue. 

Dictate,  to — direct,  instruct,  order, 
prescribe,  suggest. 

Die,  to— depart,  expire,  languish,  per- 
ish, wither. 

Differ,  to — contend,  disagree,  vary, 
dissent. 

Different— distinct,  diverse,  unlike, 
various.  [some. 

Difficult— arduous,  hard,    trouble- 

Difficulty — embarrassment,  imped- 
iment, obstruction,  obstacle,  per- 
plexity, trial,  trouble. 

Diffident — bashful,  distrustful,mod- 
est,  suspicious. 

Digest,  to — arrange,  concoct,  dispose, 
distribute,  soften. 

Dignified — exalted,  honored,  stately. 

Diligent — active,  assiduous,  labori- 
ous, persevering. 

Diminish,  to — abate,  decrease,  lessen, 
liquidate,  subside. 

Direct,  to — conduct,  guide,  dispose, 
manage,  regulate,  sway. 

Direction — address,  order,  command, 
superscription. 

Directly  —  immediately,  instantly, 
instantaneously,  promptly. 

Disability— inability,  weakness,  in- 
competency. 


Disadvantage  —  detriment,  injury, 
hurt,  loss,  prejudice. 

Disagree,  to  —  differ,  dissent,  vary, 
quarrel. 

Disappoint,  to — balk,  defeat,  foil. 

Disaster— calamity,  mischance,  mis- 
fortune, mishap. 

Disavow — deny,  disclaim,  disown. 

Discard,  to — discharge,  dismiss. 

Discern,  to  —  behold,  discover,  dis- 
criminate, distinguish,  penetrate. 

Discernible  —  apparent,  manifest, 
evident,  perceptible. 

Disclaim,  to — deny,  disown,  disavow, 
renounce. 

Disclose,  to— discover,  divulge,  made 
known,  reveal. 

Disconcert,  to  —  confuse,  derange, 
defeat,  discompose,  displace,  disor- 
der, disturb,  fret,  interrupt,  ruffle, 
unsettle,  vex. 

Discord — contention,  dissension. 

Discover,  to  —  communicate,  make 
known,  detect,  disclose,  find  out, 
impart,  reveal,  uncover. 

Discredit— disgrace,  dishonor,  disre- 
pute, ignominy,  reproach,  scandal. 

Discredit,  to — disbelieve,  disgrace, 
dishonor. 

Discretion — judgment,  prudence. 

Disdain— contempt,  haughtiness,  ar- 
rogance, scorn. 

Disease — disorder,  distemper,  mala- 
dy- 

Disgrace,  to— abase,  debase,  dishon- 
or, degrade. 

Disguise,  to — conceal,  dissemble,  dis- 
figure. 

Disgust— aversion,  dislike,  distaste, 
loathing,  nausea.  [brium. 

Dishonor — disgrace,    shame,    oppro- 

Dislike  —  abhorrence,  antipathy, 
aversion,  detestation,  hatred,  re' 
pugnance. 

Dismember,  to — disjoint,  dislocate. 

Dismiss,  to  —  discard,  discharge,  di- 
vest. 

Disorder  —  bustle,  confusion,  de- 
rangement, discomposure,  disease, 
malady,  sickness,  tumult,  distem< 
per,  irregularity. 

Disparage,  to  —  decry,  depreciate, 
degrade,  derogate,  detract,  under- 
value. 

Disparity — difference,  inequality,  un- 
likeness. 

Disperse,  to — deal  out,  dissipate,  dis' 
tribute,  scatter,  spread. 

Display — ostentation,  parade,  show. 

Display,  to — exhibit,  parade,  show. 

Displease,  to — anger,  offend,  vex. 

Dispose,  to  —  arrange,  order,  place, 
regulate, 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


179 


Dispute— altercation,  contest,  contro- 
versy, debate,  difference,  quarrel. 

Dissemble,  to  —  conceal,  cloak,  de- 
ceive, disguise,  hide. 

Disseminate,  to  —  circulate,  diffuse, 
propagate,  scatter,  spread. 

Dissertation  —  disquisition,  essay, 
discourse,  tract,  treatise. 

3Dissipate,  to — consume,  disperse,  dis- 
pel, expend,  scatter,  spend,  squan- 
der, waste. 

Distant — tar,  remote. 

Distaste— aversion,  disgust,  dislike, 
dissatisfaction,  loathing. 

Distinct  —  clear,  different,  obvious, 
dissimilar,  separate,  unlike, 

Distinguish  —  discern,  discriminate, 
perceive. 

Distinguished  —  conspicuous,  emi- 
nent, illustrious,  noted. 

Distracted  —  confused,  disturbed, 
confounded,  discomposed,perplexed. 

Distress — affliction,  anguish,  agony, 
misery,  grief,  sadness,  sorrow,  suf- 
fering. 

Distribute,  to— allot,  apportion,  as- 
sign, deal  out. 

District  —  county,  circuit,  division, 
portion,  province,  quarter,  region, 
territory,  tract. 

Disturb,  to — agitate,  annoy,  disquiet, 
interrupt,  molest,  perplex,  trouble. 

Diversion  —  amusement,  deviation, 
entertainment,  pastime,  recreation, 
sport.  [share. 

Divide,  to — distribute,  part,  separate, 

Divine,  to — foretell,  guess,  presage, 
conjecture. 

Divulge,  to  —  communicate,  impart, 
disclose,  discover,  make  known,  re- 
veal, publish. 

Do,  to— achieve,  accomplish,  effect,  dis- 
charge, execute,  perform. 

Docile  —  ductile,  gentle,  teachable, 
pliant,  tractable,  yielding, 

Doctrine— dogma,  maxim,  principle, 
precept,  tenet. 

Dogmatical  —  authoritative,  confi- 
dent, magisterial,  positive. 

Doleful  —  dismal,  piteous,  rueful, 
sorrowful,  woeful. 

Doubt — hesitation,  perplexity,  sus- 
pense, scruple,  uncertainty. 

Doubtful  —  ambiguous,  equivocal, 
dubious,  precarious,  questionable, 
uncertain. 

Drag,  to — draw,  haul,  pull,  tug. 

Dread,  to — apprehend,  fear,  stand  in 
awe. 

Dreadful— awful,  fearful,  frightful, 
horrible,  terrible. 

Dress— apparel,  array,  attire,  gar- 
meats,  vestments. 


Drink— beverage,  potion. 

Droop,  to— fade,  languish,  pine,  sink. 

Dumb— mute,  silent,  speechless. 

Durable — constant,  continuing,  last- 
ing, permanent. 

Dutiful  —  obedient,  respectful,  sub- 
missive. 

Dwelling — abode,  domicile,  habita- 
tion, residence, 

Eager— ardent,  earnest,  impetuous, 
quick,  vehement. 

Earn,  to — acquire,  gain,    obtain,  win. 

Earth— globe,  world. 

Ease — facility,  lightness,  quiet,  rest, 
repose. 

Eccentric  —  anomalous,  particular, 
odd,  singular,  strange. 

Economical— careful,  frugal,  parsi- 
monious, saving,  sparing,  thrifty. 

Ecstasy — delight,  elevation,  enthusi- 
asm, joy,  rapture,  transport. 

Edifice— building,  fabric,  structure. 

Education — breeding,  cultivation,  in- 
struction, nurture,  tuition. 

Efface,  to — blot  out,  destroy,  cancel, 
eradicate,  erase,  obliterate,  raze,  ex- 
punge. 

Effect,  to — accomplish,  achieve,  com- 
plete, execute,  fulfill,  realize. 

Effect  —  consequence,  event,  issue, 
meaning,  purpose,  reality,  result. 

Effects — chattels,  furniture,  goods, 
movables,  property. 

Efficient — able,  capable,  competent, 
effective,  effectual,  fitted. 

Effort — attempt,  endeavor,  essay, 
exertion,  trial* 

Elegant — beautiful,  graceful. 

Elevate,  to — exalt,  dignify,  raise,  lift. 

Eligible— fit,  preferable,  worthy. 

Embarrass,  to  —  distress,  entangle, 
perplex,  puzzle,  trouble. 

Embellish,  to— adorn,  beautify,  deck, 
decorate,  illustrate. 

Emblem — figure,  symbol,  type. 

Embrace,  to— clasp,  comprehend,  com- 
prise, contain,  hug,  include. 

Emergency — casualty  exigency,  ne- 
cessity. 

Eminent— conspicuous,  dignified,  dis- 
tinguished, elevated,  exalted,  illus- 
trious, prominent. 

Emolument— gain,  lucre,  profit,  ad« 
vantage. 

Emotion — agitation,  disturbance,  tre-' 
mor,  trepidation. 

Employ,  to — make  use  of. 

Employment  —  avocation,  business, 
occupation,  profession,  trade. 

Empower,  to — authorize,  enable,  com- 
mission. 

Empty — evacuated,  unfilled,  unfiirn* 
ished,  vacant,  vacuous,  void. 


180 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Emulation  —  competition,  jealousy, 
envy,  rivalry. 

Enchant,  to — bewitch,  captivate,  en- 
rapture, charm,  fascinate. 

Encomium — eulogy,  panegyric,  praise. 

Encounter — attack,  assault,  combat, 
engagement,  meeting. 

Encourage,  to— animate,  cheer,  coun- 
tenance, foster,  incite,  instigate, 
sanction,  stimulate,  support. 

Encroach,  to — infringe,  intrude,  tres- 
pass. 

End— close,  cessation,  consequence, 
death,  extremity,  finish,  object,  pur- 
pose, sequel,  termination. 

Endeavor  —aim,  attempt,  effort,  ex- 
ertion. 

Endless— eternal,  everlasting,  inces- 
sant, infinite,  interminable,  perpet- 
ual. 

Endurance  —  resignation,  fortitude, 
patience,  sufferance. 

Enemy — antagonist,  adversary,  foe, 
opponent. 

Energy  —  efficacy,  force,  potency, 
power,  strength,  vigor. 

Enervate,  to  —  debilitate,  enfeeble, 
unnerve,  weaken. 

Engage,  to— attract,  employ,  encoun- 
ter, enlist,  fight,  induce,  win,  pledge, 
promise. 

Engross,  to  —  absorb,  monopolize, 
imbibe. 

Enjoyment  —  fruition,  gratification, 
pleasure. 

Enlarge,  to — extend,  lengthen,  in- 
crease. 

Enmity— animosity,  hatred,  hostility, 
malignity. 

Enough  —  abundance,  plenty,  suffi- 
ciency. 

Enrage,  to — aggravate,  exasperate, 
incense,  irritate,  inflame. 

Enrapture,  to  —  attract,  bewitch, 
captivate,  charm,  enchant,  fasci- 
nate. 

Entangle,  to — embarrass,  enfold,  en- 
snare, entrap,  implicate,  involve, 
inveigle. 

Enterprise  —  adventure,  attempt, 
undertaking. 

Entertainment— amusement,  ban- 
quet, carousal,  diversion,  feast,  pas- 
time, performance,  sport,  recrea- 
tion. 

Entice,  to  —  allure,  attract,  decoy, 
seduce,  tempt. 

Entire — complete,  integral,  perfect, 
total,  whole. 

Entirely— completely,  wholly,  per- 
fectly. 

Entitle,  to— characterize, 
denominate,  name,  style. 


Entreat,  to-  ask,  beg,  beseech,  crave, 
implore,  petition,  solicit,  supplicate. 

Envy — grudging,  jealousy,  suspicion. 

Epitomize,  to — abridge,  condense,  re- 
duce. 

Equal  —  adequate,  commensurate, 
equivalent. 

Equitable — fair,  honest,  impartial, 
just,  reasonable. 

Eradicate,  to  —  extirpate^  extermi- 
nate, root  out. 

Erase,  to  —  cancel,  efface,  expunge, 
obliterate. 

Erect,  to — construct,  elevate,  estab- 
lish, found,  institute,  set  up,  raise. 

Error — blunder,  fault,  mistake. 

Escape,  to — avoid,  elude,  evade,  fly, 
pass. 

Especially  —  chiefly,  particularly, 
principally,  specially. 

Essential — indispensable,  necessary, 
requisite. 

Esteem,  to — appreciate,  prize,  regard, 
respect,  revere,  value. 

Estimate,  to  —  appraise,  appreciate, 
calculate,  compute,  value,  esteem, 
rate,  reckon. 

Eternal  —  boundless,  endless,  ever- 
lasting, immortal,  infinite,  inter- 
minable, perpetual. 

Evade,  to — avoid,  elude,  equivocate, 
escape,  prevaricate,  shun. 

Evasion — equivocation,  prevarication, 
excuse,  shift,  subterfuge. 

Even  —  equal,  level,  plain,  smooth, 
uniform. 

Event— adventure,  consequence,  inci- 
dent, occurrence,  issue,  result. 

Ever — always,  continually,  constant- 
ly, incessantly,  perpetually,  unceas- 
ingly. 

Evidence — deposition,  proof,  testimo- 
ny, witness. 

Evil— bad. 

Exact,  to— demand,  draw  from,enjoin, 
extort. 

Exact  —  accurate,  careful,  correct, 
nice,  precise,  punctual,  strict. 

Exalted — dignified,  elevated,  extoll- 
ed, magnified,  raised,  refined,  sub= 
lime. 

Examination— inquiry,  investigation, 
research,  search,  scrutiny. 

Example — pattern,  precedent. 

Exasperate,  to  —  aggravate,  excite, 
enrage,  irritate,  provoke,  vex. 

Exceed,  to  —  excel,  outdo,  surpass, 
transcend. 

Excellence  —  eminence,  goodness, 
perfection,  superiority,  purity. 

Except — besides,  excepting,  but. 

Exception — cavil,  difficulty,  objeo* 
tion. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


181 


Exchange — barter,  reciprocity,  trade, 
traffic. 

Excite,  to— arouse,  awaken,  incite, 
iritate,  provoke,  stimulate. 

Excolpate,  to — absolve,  exonerate, 
acquit,  justify. 

Excuse — apology,  evasion,  plea,  pre- 
tence, subterfuge,  pretext. 

Excuse,    to — absolve,    acquit,    excul- 

_  pSM,  justify. 

Exec  a  able— abomin  able,  detestable, 
hateful. 

Execration  —  curse,  imprecation, 
malediction. 

Execute,  to  —  accomplish,  achieve, 
complete,  comsummate,  effect,  fin- 
ish, fulfill,  realize. 

Exemption  —  freedom,  immunity, 
privilege.  [tice. 

Exep.cise,  to — carry  on,  exert,  prae- 

Exhaust,  to — dr&in,  empty,  spend. 

Exigency — emergency,  necessity. 

Exonerate,  to — absolve,  acquit,  clear, 
discharge,  exculpate,  justify,  re- 
lieve. 

Expand,  to — diffuse,  dilate,  spread. 

Expectation  —  anticipation,  confi- 
dence, hope,  trust. 

Expedient — essential,  fit,  necessary, 
requisite. 

Expedite,  to  —  accelerate,  hasten, 
quicken. 

Expeditious — diligent,  quick,  speedy, 
prompt. 

Expel,  to — banish,  cast  out,  exile. 

Expend,  to — consume,  spend,  waste, 
dissipate. 

Expensive  —  costly,  dear,  valuable, 
sumptuous. 

Experience — experiment,  proof,  test, 
trial. 

Expert  —  adroit,  clever,  dexterous, 
ready,  skilful. 

Explain,  to — elucidate,  interpret. 

Explanation  —  account,  description, 
detail,  explication,  relation,  recital. 

Explicit — definite,  express,  plain. 

Exploit  —  achievement,  accomplish- 
ment, deed,  feat.  [into. 

Explore,  to  —  examine,  search,   pry 

Exposed — liable,  obnoxious,  subject. 

Express — definite,  explicit,  plain. 

Expressive— significant. 

Extend,  to — enlarge,  stretch  out,  in- 
crease, spread  out. 

Extensive  —  comprehensive,  large, 
wide. 

Extenuate,    to  —  diminish,  palliate, 


Exterior— external,  outward. 
Exterminate — destroy,  eradicate.ex- 

tirpate,  root  out. 
External— exterior,  outward. 


Extol,  to  —  admire,  applaud,  com- 
mend, eulogize,  laud,  praise. 

Extricate,  to  —  disembarrass,  disen-' 
gage,  disentangle. 

Facetious— jocose,  jocular. 

Facility — ease,  lightness. 

Fact — circumstance,  incident. 

Faculty — ability,  endowment,  talen^ 
gift. 

Failing — failure,  foible,  frailty,  inv 
perfection,  miscarriage,  misfortuney 
weakness. 

Fair — clear,  equitable,  honest,  impar' 
tial,  reasonable. 

Faith — belief,  credit,  fidelity,  trust. 

Fallacious— deceitful,  delusive,  illu- 
sive, fraudulent,  sophistical. 

Falsehood — fabrication,  falsity,  fks 
tion,  lie,  untruth. 

Familiar— intimate,  free,  unceremo- 
nious. 

Famous  —  celebrated,  distinguished, 
eminent,  illustrious,  renowned. 

Fanatic — enthusiast,  visionary. 

Fanciful  —  capricious,  fantastical, 
ideal,  imaginative,  whimsical. 

Fancy — caprice,  conceit,  conception, 
frolic,  humor,  ideality,  image,  im- 
agination, inclination,  liking,  taste, 
notion,  whim. 

Fascinate,  to— attract,  bewitch,  cap- 
tivate, charm,  enchant,  enrapture. 

Fashion — custom,  form,  mode,  man- 
ner, practice,  sort,  way. 

Fasten,  to— affix,  attach,  annex,  fix. 
hold,  make  fast,  stick. 

Fastidious — disdainful,  squeamish. 

Fatal — deadly,  inevitable,  mortal. 

Fate — chance,  destiny,  doom,  fortune, 
lot. 

Fatigue — lassitude,  weariness. 

Favor— benefit,  civility,  grace,  sup- 
port. 

Favorable  —  auspicious,  palliative, 
propitious. 

Fault  —  blemish,  defect,  error,  fail- 
ing, imperfection,  offence. 

Faultless— blameless,  spotless,  inno- 
cent. 

Fear— apprehension,  alarm,  anxiety, 
dread,  fright,  terror,  timidity,  trep- 
idation. 

Fearful — awful,  dreadful,  frightful, 
horrible,  terrible,  afraid,  timid,  tim- 
orous. 

Fearless— brave,  courageous,  daring, 
heroic,  intrepid,  uudaunted. 

Feasible — practicable,  plausible,  spe- 
cious. 

Follower— adherent,  disciple,  parti- 
partisan,  pursuer,  successor. 

Fondness  —  affection,  attachment, 
love,  tenderness. 


182 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Forsake,  to— abandon,  abdicate,  de- 
sert, relinquish,  quit. 

Foolish— absurd,  irrational,  prepos- 
terous, ridiculous,  simple,  silly,  stu- 
pid. 

Forbear,  to — abstain,  refrain,  pause, 
spare. 

Forbid,  to — interdict,  oppose,  pro- 
Mbit. 

Force,  to— compel,  constrain,  oblige, 
restrain. 

Forcible  —  irresistible,  mighty,  co- 
gent, potent,  powerful,  strong. 

Forebode,  to — augur,  betoken,  por- 
tend, foretell,  presage,  prognosti- 
cate. 

Foregoing  —  antecedent,  anterior, 
former,  preceding,  previous,  prior. 

Torego,  to — give  up,  quit,  resign. 

Foreign — alien,  exotic,  extraneous, 
extrinsic,  strange. 

Foretell,  to — augur,  betoken,  fore- 
bode, protend,  predict,  presage, 
prognosticate,  prophesy. 

Forethought  —  anticipation,  fore- 
sight, premeditation. 

Forfeiture — amercement,  penalty, 
fine,  mulct. 

Forge,  to— counterfeit,  feign,  fabri- 
cate, frame,  invent. 

Forgive,  to— absolve,  acquit,  excuse, 
pardon,  remit. 

Forlorn — deserted,  destitute,  lost, 
forsaken,  lonely. 

Form — ceremony,  observance,  rite. 

Formal  —  ceremonious,  exact,  stiff, 
methodical,  precise. 

Former — antecedent,  anterior,  pre- 
ceding, foregoing,  previous,  prior. 

Fortunate— lucky,  prosperous,  suc- 
cessful. 

Fortune— chance,  estate,  fate,  por- 
tion, success. 

Forward  —  ardent,  bold,  confident, 
eager,  immodest,  onward,  preco- 
cious, presumptuous,  progressive, 
ready. 

Foster,  to— cherish,  feed,  harbor,  in- 
dulge, nurse,  support. 

Feat  —  achievement,  act,  deed,  ex- 
ploit, trick. 

Feeble —infirm,  weak. 

Feeling — generosity,  kindness,  sen- 
sation, sensibility. 

Feelings — sentiments. 

Felicitate,  to— congratulate,  delight, 
make  joyful. 

Felicity— blessedness,  bliss,  happi- 
ness, prosperity. 

Fertile— abundant,  fruitful,  produc- 
tive, prolific. 

Fertility  —  abundance,  fecundity, 
fruitfulness,  productiveness. 


Fervor  —  ardor,  heat,  vehemence* 
warmth,  zeal. 

Festivity— festival,  gayety,  joyful- 
ness. 

Fickle — changeable,  capricious,  in- 
constant, variable,  versatile. 

Fiction— fabrication,  falsehood,  in- 
vention. 

Fidelity— faith,  honesty,  integrity. 

Fiery — ardent,  fervent,  impetuous, 
hot,  passionate,  vehement. 

Figure— form,  semblance,  represen- 
tation, shape,  stature. 

Figure — allegory,  emblem,  metaphor, 
type. 

Fine  —  beautiful,  delicate,  elegant, 
lovely,  nice,  pretty,  showy. 

Finish,  to— close,  complete,  perfect, 
conclude,  terminate. 

Firm  —  partnership,  resolute,  solid, 
steady,  strong,  sturdy. 

First — earliest,  highest,  original,  pri- 
mary, primitive,  pristine. 

Fitted — adapted,  competent,  quali- 
fied, suited. 

Fix,  to — appoint,  attach,  determine, 
fasten,  settle,  stick. 

Flag,  to — decline,  droop,  languish, 
pine. 

Flagitious — atrocious,h\agrant,  hein- 
ous, wicked. 

Flattery — adulation,  false  compli- 
ment, sycophancy. 

Flavor— odor,  fragrance,  savor,  taste. 

Flaw— blemish,  crack,  defect,  spot, 
speck. 

Fleeting  —  temporary,  transient, 
transitory. 

Fleetness— celerity,  quickness,  ra- 
pidity, swiftness,  velocity. 

Flexible  —  complying,  supple,  not 
stiff. 

Fluctuate,  to — change,  hesitate,  vac- 
illate, waver. 

Fragile  —  brittle,  frail,  frangible, 
weak. 

Frailty — failing,  foible,  imperfection, 
instability,  weakness. 

Frame,  to — adjust,  contrive,  compose, 
fabricate,  fit,  form,  invent,  plan. 

Fraternity— brotherhood,  society. 

Fraud  —  cheat,  deception,  deceit, 
guile,  imposition. 

Freak — caprice,  fancy,  humor,  whim. 

Free — bountiful,  candid,  exempt,  fa- 
miliar, frank,  generous,  liberal,  mu- 
nificent, open,  unconfined,  uncon- 
strained, unreserved. 

Free,  to— affranchise,  clear,  deliver, 
liberate,  rescue. 

Freedom — exemption,  familiarity,  in- 
dependence, liberty,  privilege,  unrf 
strained. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


188 


Fbeely—  cheerfully,  frankly,  liber- 
ally, spontaneously,  unreservedly, 
unhesitatingly. 

Frequently  —  commonly,  usually, 
generally,  often,  repeatedly. 

Fresh— modern,  novel,  new,  recent. 

Fret,  to— agitate,  anger,  chafe,  cor- 
rode, gall,  rub,  vex,  wear  away. 

Fretful— angry,  captious,  peevish, 
petulant,  splenetic. 

FiusNDLY^amicable,  kind,  social,  so- 
ciable. 

Fright — alarm,  panic,  terror,  conster- 
nation. 

Frighten,  to — alarm,  affright,  ter- 
rify, daunt,  intimidate. 

Frightful— dreadful,  fearful,  horrid, 
horrible,  terrible,  terrific. 

Frugal.  —  economical,  parsimonious, 
saving. 

Fruitful— abundant,  fertile,  plenti- 
ful, pregnant,  productive,  prolific. 

Fruition  —  enjoyment,  gratification, 
possession. 

Frustrate,  to— balk,  defeat,  disap- 
point, foil,  hinder,  make  void,  nul- 
lify. 

Fully — abundantly,  completely,  co- 
piously, largely. 

Function— charge,  office,  place. 

Futile — frivolous,  trilling,  useless. 

Gain,  to — acquire,  attain,  get,  obtain, 
procure,  profit,  win. 

Gait — bearing,  carriage,  mien,  walk. 

Gale — gust,  tempest,  storm,  hurri- 
cane. 

Gather,  to — assemble,  collect,  com- 
press, contract,  deduce,  muster,  sup- 
purate, thicken. 

Gay  —  cheerful,  debonair,  sprightly, 
fine,  merry,  showy. 

Gayety— p.nimation,  finery,  liveliness, 
merriment,  vivacity. 

Generally — commonly,  frequently, 
usually; 

Generous  —  beneficent,  bounteous, 
liberal,  munificent,  noble. 

Genius-  •  ibility,  capacity,  ingenuity, 
intellect,  talent,  parts,  taste,  wis- 
dom. 

Gentef/. — polished,  polite,  refined. 

Gentle  —meek,  mild,  peaceable,  pa- 
cific, tarue. 

Gekuiie — authentic,  natural,  real, 
true,  unalloyed,  unadulterated. 

Germinate,  to  —  bud,  grow,  shoot, 
sprDut. 

Gesture — action,  attitude,  posture. 

Get,  to— acquire,  attain,  gain,  obtain, 
procure,  realize. 

Giddiness  — flightiness,  lightness,  in- 
constancy, levity,  unsteadiness, 
thoughtlessness,  volatility. 


Gift — benefaction,  endowment,  dona- 
tion, gratuity,  present,  talent. 

Give,  to — bestow,  confer,  consign,  im- 
part, grant,  yield. 

Glad— cheerful,  delighted,  gratified, 
joyful,  pleased,  gay. 

Glance — glimpse,  look. 

Glitter,  to- glare,  radiate,  shine, 
sparkle. 

Glittering— bright,  brilliant,  shin- 
ing, sparkling. 

Gloom  —  dulness,  spleen,  moroseness, 
sadness,  sullenness. 

Gloomy — cloudy,  dark,  dim,  dull,  dis- 
mal, melancholy,  morose,  sad,  sul- 
len. 

Glory— fame,  honor,  praise,  renown. 

Government  —  administration,  con- 
stitution, regulation,  rule. 

Graceful  —  becoming,  comely,  ele- 
gant. 

Gracious— benignant,  merciful,  kind. 

Grand — dignified,  elevated,  exalted, 
great,  illustrious,  lofty,  magnifi- 
cent, majestic,  splendid,  sublime, 
superb. 

Grant,  to— bestow,  concede,  cede,  con- 
fer, give,  yield. 

Grant — allowance,  boon,  concession, 
gift,  stipend.  [seize. 

Grasp,  to— catch,  gripe,  lay  hold  on, 

Grateful — agreeable,,  pleasing,  de- 
licious, thankful. 

Gratification  —  fruition,  pleasure, 
enjoyment. 

Grave  —  important,  sedate,  serious, 
sober,  solemn,  thoughtful,  weighty. 

Greatness  —  bulk,  dignity,  power, 
grandeur,  magnitude,  size. 

Greediness  —  eagerness,  ravenous, 
rapacious,  voracity. 

Grief — affliction,  distress,  sadness, 
melancholy,  regret,  sorrow. 

Grieve,  to — afflict,  bewail,  lament, 
hurt,  mourn,  sorrow. 

Group — assemblage,  assembly,  clus- 
ter, collection. 

Grow,  to — increase,  proceed,  vegetate. 

Guarantee,  to— answer  for,  secure, 
warrant, 

Guard,  to — defend,  protect,  shield. 

Guess,  to— conjecture,  divine,  suppose, 
surmise. 

Guest — visitant,  visitor. 

Guide,  to— conduct,  direct,  instruct, 
lead,  regulate,  sway. 

Guilty — criminal,  depraved,  sinful, 
wicked. 

Handsome — beautiful,  elegant,  fine, 
graceful,  lovely,  noble,  pretty. 

Happiness — beatitude,  bliss,  felicity, 

Harrass,  to — distress,  disturb,  jade. 
molest,  perplex,  tire,  weary. 


184 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Harbinger  —  forerunner,  precursor, 
messenger. 

Hard — arduous,  close,  insensible,  dif- 
ficult, firm,  hardy,  near,  solid,  un- 
feeling. 

Hardened  —  callous,  impenetrable, 
insensible,  obdurate,  unfeeling. 

Hardihood  —  audacity,  effrontery, 
boldness,  bravery,  daring. 

Hardly — scarcely,"  with  difficulty. 

Hardship— grievance,  injury,  oppres- 
sion. 

Harm  —damage,  evil,  burt,  injury,  ill, 
misfortune,  misbap. 

Harmless— innocent,  inoffensive,  un- 
offending. 

Harmony  —  accordance,  agreement, 
concord,  melody,  unison. 

Harsh  —  austere,  morose,  rigorous, 
rough,  severe. 

Hasten,  to — accelerate, quicken,  expe- 
dite. 

Hastiness— hurry,  precipitancy,  rash- 
ness, speed. 

Hasty — angry,  cursory,  irascible,  pas- 
sionate, quick,  rash. 

Hate,  to — abhor,  abominate,  detest, 
loathe. 

Hateful  —  abominable,  detestable, 
execrable,  loathsome,  odious. 

Haughtiness  —  arrogance,  disdain, 
loftiness,  pride,  self-conceit,  vanity. 

Hazard  —chance,  danger,  peril,  risk, 
venture. 

Headstrong  —  forward,  obstinate, 
stubborn,  venturesome,  violent. 

Heal,  to — cure,  reconcile,  remedy. 

Healthy — salubrious,  sound,  salu- 
tary, wholesome. 

Hear,  to  —  attend,  hearken,  listen, 
overhear. 

Hearty  —  ardent,  cordial,  healthy, 
sincere,  strong,  warm. 

Heaviness — dejection,  gloom,  gravi- 
ty, weight. 

Heavy — cloudy,  dark,  drowsy,  pon- 
derous, sorrowful,  thick,  weighty. 

Heedless— careless,  inattentive,  neg- 
ligent, remiss,  thoughtless. 

Heighten,  to  —  aggravate,  improve, 
raise. 

Heinous  —  atrocious,  flagitious,  fla- 
grant, wicked. 

Help,  to — aid,  assist,  relieve,  support, 
serve,  succor. 

Hence  —  accordingly,  consequently, 
so,  thence,  therefore,  wherefore. 

Heresy  —  false  doctrine,  heterodoxy, 
schism. 

Heroic— brave,  courageous,  fearless, 
intrepid,  noble,  valiant. 

Heroism—  bravery,  courage,fortitude, 
gallantry,  valor. 


Hesitate,  to — delay,    demur,  doubt, 

falter,  pause,  scruple,  stammer. 

Hidden  —  concealed,  covert,  intent, 
mysterious,  occult,  secret. 

Hideous  —  frightful,  ghastly,  grim, 
grisly,  horrible. 

Hilarity  —  cheerfulness,  joviality, 
gayety,  jollity,  merriment,  mirth. 

Hinder,  to — embarrass,  impede,  ob« 
struct,  oppose,  prevent,  retard,  stop, 
thwart. 

Hold,  to — detain,  grasp,  keep,  main- 
tain, occupy,  possess,  retain. 

Honesty — frankness,  honor,  integri- 
ty, justice,  probity,  purity,  upright- 
ness, rectitude,  sincerity. 

Honor,  to— adorn,  dignif'y,  respect, 
exalt,  revere,  reverence,  venerate. 

Hope — anticipation,  confidence,  ex- 
pectation, trust. 

Hopeless  —  despairing,  desponding, 
desperate. 

Horrible— dreadful,  fearful,  fright- 
ful, horrid,  terrible,  terrific. 

Hostile — adverse,  contrary,  opposite, 
inimical,  repugnant. 

Hostility  —  animosity,  opposition, 
enmity. 

House— domicile,  dwelling,  family, 
habitation,  lineage,  race. 

However  —  but,  nevertheless,  not- 
withstanding, still,  yet. 

Humble — lowiy,  modest,  submissive, 
unassuming,  unpretending. 

Humor — caprice,  disposition,  frame, 
jocularity,  merriment,  petulan«e, 
temper,  whim,  will. 

Hurry,  to — expedite,  hasten,  precipi- 
tate. 

Hurt — damage,  detriment,  disadvan- 
tage, mischief,  harm,  injury,  sorry, 
grieved. 

Hurtful  —  detrimental,  injurious, 
mischievous,  pernicious,  prejudicial. 

Hypocrisy  —  deceit,  dissimulation, 
pretence. 

Idea  —  conception,  imagination,  no- 
tion, perception,  thought. 

Idle — inactive,  indolent,  lazy,  sloth- 
ful, unemployed,  useless. 

Ignorant  —  illiterate,  uninformed, 
unlearned,  unlettered,  untaught. 

Ill — evil,  misfortune,  sick. 

Illness — disease,  disorder,  distemper, 
indisposition,  malady,  sickness. 

Illusion— chimera,  deception,  illu- 
sion, mockery,  phantasm. 

Imagine,  to  —  apprehend,  conceive, 
contrive,  deem,  suppose,  think. 

Imbecility— debility,  feebleness,  in- 
firmity, weakness. 

Imbibe,  to— absorb,  swallow  up,  take 
in. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


185 


jtMTTATE,  to  —  copy,  follow,  mimic, 
mock. 

Immaterial — spiritual,  uncorporeal, 
unsubstantial,  inconsiderable,  in- 
significant, unimportant. 

Immediately — directly,  instantly. 

Immense  —  enormous,  huge,  mon- 
strous, prodigious. 

Imminent — impending,  threatening. 

Immoderate — excessive,internperate. 

Immodest — bold,  indecent,  indelicate, 
impudent,  shameless. 

Immunity — exemption,  prerogative, 
privilege. 

Impair,  to — decrease,  weaken,  injure. 

Impart,  to — communicate,  disclose, 
discover,  divulge,  grant,  reveal. 

Impatient— eager,  furious,  hasty. 

Impeach,  to — accuse,  arraign,  cen- 
sure. 

Impede,  to — hinder,  obstruct,  retard. 

Impediment — hindrance,  obstacle. 

Impel,  to — animate,  encourage,  incite, 
induce,  instigate,  move. 

Impending— threatening,  imminent. 

Imperative  —  authoritative,  imperi- 
ous, commanding,  despotic. 

Imperfection — detect,  fault,  failing, 
foible,  frailty,  weakness,  vice. 

Imperious— haughty,  commanding, 
domineering,  imperative,  lordly, 
over-bearing,  tyrannical. 

Impertinent  —  insolent,  intrusive, 
irrelevant,  meddling,  troublesome, 
officious. 

Impervious— impenetrable,  inaccessi- 
ble. 

Impetuous — boisterous,  fierce,  forci- 
ble, vehement,  violent. 

Implicate,  to— embarrass,  entangle, 
involve. 

Implore,  to — ask,  beg,  beseech,  en- 
treat, request,  solicit,  supplicate. 

Imply,  to — denote,  involve,  signify. 

Importance — consequence,  moment, 
signification,  weight. 

Imposture — artifice,  cheat,  deception, 
delusion,  fraud,  imposition. 

Imprecation— anathema,  curse,  exe- 

'  cration,  malediction. 

Improve,  to— advance,  amend,  better, 
correct,  emend,  mend,  rectify,  re- 
form. 

Impuden*  —bold,  immodest,  imperti- 
nent, insolent,  rude,  shameless, 
saucy. 

Impute,  to — attribute,  ascribe. 

Inability — disability,  impotence,  im- 
puissance. 

Inactive— idle,  inert,  lazy,  slothful, 
sluggish. 

Inadequate— incapable,  insufficient, 
incompetent. 


In  attentive— careless,  heedless,  in- 
advertent, negligent,  thoughtless, 
remiss. 

Incessantly  —  continually,  unceas- 
ingly, unremittingly. 

Incident— circumstance,  event,  con- 
tingency, fact,  fortuitous  occur- 
rence. 

Incite,  to — aggravate,  animate,  en- 
courage, excite,  provoke,  stimulate. 

Include,  to  —  comprehend,  contain, 
comprise,  embrace. 

Incommode,  to—  annoy,  disturb,  in- 
convenience, molest. 

Incompetent  —  inadequate,  insuffi- 
cient, incapable,  unsuitable. 

Incongruous — unfit,  unsuitable. 

Inconsistent— absurd,  contrary. 

Inconstant — changeable,  fickle,  vari- 
able, versatile. 

Inconvenience — annoyance,  molest- 
ation. 

Increase— accession,  addition,  aug- 
mentation, growth. 

Indecent— immodest,  indelicate. 

Indicate,  to— mark,  show,  point  out. 

Indifferent  —  neutral,  regardless, 
unconcerned. 

Indigence — need,  penury,  poverty, 
want. 

Indigenous — natal,  native. 

Indignation  —  anger,  resentment, 
contempt,  displeasure,  wrath. 

Indignity  —  affront,  contumely,  in- 
sult, outrage.  [fail . 

Indirect — ambiguous,  dishonest,  un- 

Indiscretion — imprudence,  rashnes&. 

Indiscriminate  —  promiscuous,  un- 
distinguishing. 

Indispensable — essential,  necessary. 

Indisputable — incontrovertible,  in- 
dubitable, irrefragable,  undeniable, 
unquestionable. 

Indistinct  —  ambiguous,  confused, 
dizzy,  doubtful,  not  plain. 

Individual  —  identical,  particular, 
single. 

Induce,  to — actuate,  influence,  insti- 
gate, persuade,  urge. 

Industrious — active,  assiduous,  dil- 
igent, laborious. 

Inevitable— certain,  unavoidable. 

Inexorable — implacable,  relentless, 
unrelenting. 

Inexpedient  —  improper,  inconveni- 
ent, unfit,  unsuitable. 

Infatuation  —  derangement,  folly, 
madness,  stupefaction. 

Infect,  to — contaminate,  corrupt,  de- 
file, pollute,  taint,  vitiate. 

Inference — conclusion,  deduction. 

Inferior  —  lower,  secondary,  subor* 
dinate,  subservient. 


186 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Infested  —  annoyed,  plagued,  dis- 
turbed. 

Infinite — boundless,  unbounded,  im- 
mense, illimitable,  unlimited. 

Infirm  —  debilitated,  feeble,  ■weak, 
imbecile. 

Influence — authority,  credit,  favor, 
sway. 

Information— advice,  counsel,  intel- 
ligence, instruction,  notice. 

Infringe,  to — encroach,  infract,  in- 
trude, invade,  violate. 

Ingenious— inventive,  talented,  wit- 
ty. 

Ingenuity —capacity,  wit,  cleverness, 
genius,  invention,  talents. 

Ingenuous  —  artless,  candid,  frank, 
fair,  honest,  open,  plain. 

Inhabit,  to — dwell,  occupy,  reside,  so- 
journ. 

Inherent— inbred,  inborn,  innate. 

Inhuman — barbarous,  brutal,  savage, 
cruel. 

Inimical — adverse,  contrary,  hostile, 
opposite,  repugnant. 

Iniquitous  —  nefarious,  wicked,  un- 
just. 

Injunction— command,  mandate,  or- 
der, precept. 

Injure,  to — damage,  impair,  deterior- 
ate, hurt. 

iNNAte  —  inborn,  inbred,  inherent, 
natural. 

Innocent  —  blameless,  inoffensive, 
faultless,  guiltless,  ^harmless,  spot- 
less. 

Inordinate  —  disorderly,  excessive, 
intemperate,  irregular. 

Inquisitive — curious,  prying. 

Insanity — derangement,  lunacy,mad- 
ness,  mania. 

Insensibility— apathy,  indifference, 
stupidity,  torpor. 

Insidious— crafty,  sly,  cunning,  sub- 
tle, treacberous. 

Insight  —  inspection,  introspection, 
knowledge,  view. 

Insignificant — immaterial,  inconsid- 
erable, trivial,  unimportant. 

Insinuate,  to — hint,  ingratiate,  inti- 
mate, suggest,  wheedle. 

Insolent — abusive,  impertinent,  of- 
fensive, opprobrious,  rude,  saucy, 
scurrilous. 

Inspire,  to — animate,  cheer,  exhilar- 
ate, enliven. 

Instigate,  to  —  animate,  encourage, 
impel,  incite,  move,  stimulate,  urge. 

Instil,  to — infuse,  insinuate. 

Instruction — advice,  counsel,  educa- 
tion, precept,  teaching. 

Insufficient  —inadequate,  incompe- 
tent, incapable,  unfit,  unsuitable. 


Insult — affront,  contempt,  indignity, 
insolence,  outrage. 

Integral  —  complete,  entire,  total, 
whole. 

Integrity — honesty,  purity,  probity. 
uprightness. 

Intellect  —  genius,  talent,  under- 
standing. 

Intelligence  —  information,    intel- 
lect, knowledge,  notice,  understand- 
ing. 
^Intemperate  —  excessive,  immoder- 
ate, inordinate,  passionate..  S^ 

Intend,  to — design,  mean,  purpose. 

Intense— ardent,  strained,  vehement. 

Intercede — interfere,  interpose,  me- 
diate. 

Interline— addition,  alteration,  cor- 
rection, insertion. 

Intermission  —  cessation,  interrup- 
tion, rest,  stop. 

Intermit,  to — abate,  cease,  forbear, 
subside,  suspend. 

Internal — inner,  intrinsic,  inward, 
real. 

Interpose,  to — intercede,  interfere, 
intermeddle,  mediate. 

Interpret,  to — decipher,  elucidate, 
explain,  expound. 

Interrogate,  to — ask,  examine,  in- 
quire of,  question. 

Interrupt,  to — disturb,  hinder,  inter- 
pose, obtrude,  stop. 

Interval  —  interstice,  space,  time, 
vacuity. 

Intervening — coming  between,  in- 
termediate, interposing.  [gest. 

Intimate,   to — hint,    insinuate,    sug^ 

Intimidate,  to  —  alarm,  dastardize, 
daunt,  frighten. 

Intoxication— drunkenness,  inebri- 
ety, infatuation. 

Intractable — obstinate,  ungoverna- 
ble, stubborn,  unmanageable,  un- 
toward. 

Intrepid — bold,  courageous,  daring, 
fearless,  undaunted,  valiant. 

Intricacy — complication,  complexity, 
involution,  perplexity. 

Intrinsic— genuine,  inward,  internal, 
native,  real,  true. 

Introduce,  to  —  preface,  present, 
bring  into  notice,  or  practice. 

Introductory — prefatory,  prelimina.- 
ry,  previous. 

Intrude,  to — encroach,  force  in,  in- 
fringe, entrench,  invade,  obtrude. 

Intrust,  to— commit,  confide. 

Invade,  to — attack,  encroach,  enter 
by  force,  infringe,  intrude. 

Invalid— feeble,  infirm,  sick,  weak. 

Invalidate,  to  —  destroy,  enfeeble, 
weaken. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


187 


Invective— abuse,  censure,  satire,  re- 
proach. 

Invent,  to—  contrive,  devise,  discov- 
er, fabricate,  frame. 

Invest,  to— overturn,  overthrow,  re- 
verse, subvert. 

Invest,  to — adorn,  array,  confer,  en- 
due, endow,  enclose,  surround. 

Investigation — examination,  inqui- 
ry, research,  scrutiny,  search. 

Inveterate  — coniirmed,  obstinate, 
established,  fixed. 

Invidious— envious,  malignant. 

Invigorate,  to— fortify,  strengthen. 

Invincible— insuperable,  unconquer- 
able. 

Involve,  to  —  entangle,  enwrap,  im- 
plicate, mingle. 

Ikascible— angry,  fiery,  hasty,   hot. 

jLbe — anger,  indignation,  passion,  re- 
sentment, wrath. 

Irony  —  burlesque,  ridicule,  satire, 
sarcasm. 

Irrational— silly,  unreasonable,  fool- 
ish. 

Irrefragable— incontrovertible,  in- 
disputable, indubitable,  undenia- 
ble, unquestionable. 

Irregular  —  disorderly,  eccentric, 
irnmethodical,  inordinate,  intem- 
pei'ate. 

Irritate,  to — aggravate,  exasperate, 
excite,  fret,  provoke,  tease. 

Irruption — bursting  forth,  inroad, 
incursion,  invasion. 

Issue  —  consequence,  effect,  egress, 
evacuation,  event,  olfspring,  pas- 
sage, progeny,  result,  sequel. 

Issue,  to—  break  out,  emanate,  flow, 
send  forth,  spring. 

Jade,  to— dispirit,  harass,  weary,  tire. 

Jealousy  —  envy,  emulation,  suspi- 
cion. 

Jest,  to— joke,  make  game,  sport. 

Jocose  —  facetious,  jocular,  merry, 
pleasant,  waggish,  witty. 

Jocund  —  gay,  light-hearted,  lively, 
merry,  mirthful,  sprightly,  sportive, 
vivacious. 

Join,  to — add,  adhere,  coalesce,  close, 
confederate,  league,  unite,  combine. 

Joke,  to— jest,  rally,  sport. 

Jollity — festivity,  gayety,  hilarity, 
joviality,  merriment,  mirth. 

Journey — tour,   travel,  voyage,  trip. 

Jcy — charm,  ecstasy,  delight,  exulta- 
tion, felicity,  gladness,  happiness, 
pleasure,  rapture,  transport. 
Judgment  —  decision,  discernment, 
discrimination,  doom,  intelligence, 
opinion,  penetration,  sagacity,  sen- 
tence. 
Just— accurate,  barely,  exact,  honest, 


equitable,  incorrupt,  righteous,  up- 
right. 

Justify,  to— absolve,  clear,  defend, 
excuse,  exculpate,  maintain. 

Justness — accuracy,  equity,  correct- 
ness, exactness,  propriety. 

Keen — acute,  cutting,  penetrating, 
piercing,  sharp,  shrewd. 

Keep,  to — detain,  guard,  hold,  main- 
tain, reserve,  suppcrt,  retain,  sus- 
tain. 

Kind — affable,  benignant,  bland,  com- 
passionate, courteous,  gentle,  leni- 
ent, indulgent,  tender. 

Kind  —  class,  genus,  manner,  race, 
sort,  species,  way. 

Knowledge— acquaintance,  learning, 
erudition,  perception,  skill. 

Labor,  to— -drudge,  exert,  strive,  toil, 
work. 

Laconic  —  brief,     concise,     succinct, 
j      short. 

j  Lament,  to — bewail,  complain,  grieve, 
I      deplore,  mourn,  regret. 
I  Language  —  dialect,    idiom,    speech, 
j      tongue. 

i  Languid— drooping,  dull,  exhausted, 
J      faint,  weak. 

I  Large  —  big,  capacious,  comprehen- 
sive, extensive,  great,  huge. 

Lassitude  —  enervation,  weariness, 
fatigue,  languor. 

Last  —  final,  hindmost,  latest,  ulti- 
mate. 

Lasting — continual,  continuous,  dur- 
able, permanent,  perpetual. 

Latent— hidden,  occult,  secret. 

Laudable  —  commendable,  praise- 
worthy. 

Laughable — comical,  droll,  mirthful, 
ludicrous,  ridiculous. 

Lavish  —  extravagant,  prodigal,  pro- 
fuse, wasteful. 

Lazy — idle,  inactive,  indolent,  sloth- 
ful. 

Lean,  to — bend,  incline,  waver. 

Learning — erudition,  knowledge,  lit- 
erature, science. 

Leave,  to — abandon,  bequeath,  de- 
sert, relinquish,  reject,  resign. 

Legitimate — genuine,  legal,  lawful. 

Leisure  —  convenient,  free,  slowly, 
idle,  vacant.  [tract. 

Lengthen,  to — draw  out,  extend,  pro- 

Lenity — clemency,  mercy. 

Lessen,  to  —  abate,  decrease,  shrink, 
degrade,  diminish,  reduce,  subside. 

Let,  to — allow,  hire,  leave,  permit,  suf- 
fer. 

Lethargic — drowsy,  heavy,  sleepy. 

Level— even,  flat,  plain,  smooth. 

Levity— fickleness,  gayety,  giddiness, 
lightness,  volatility. 


188 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Liable — exposed,  obnoxious,  subject. 

Liberal — charitable,   generous,  mu- 
nificent. 

Liberate,  to — deliver,  free,  set  free. 

Liberty  —exemption,   freedom,  per- 
mission, leave,  license,  privilege. 

Lie — fabrication,  falsehood,  fiction. 

Life  —  animation,  vivacity,     brisk- 
ness. 

Lifeless — dead,  inanimate,  inactive. 

Liet,  to — elevate,  exalt,  hoist,  raise. 

Light,     to  —  enlighten,     illuminate, 
lighten. 

Like— resembling,  uniform,  similar. 

Likeness — effigy,  picture,  portrait. 

Liking — affection,  attachment,   fond- 
ness, 

Linger,  to  —  delay,  hesitate,  loiter, 
lag,  saunter,  tarry. 

Liquid— fluid,  juice,  liquor. 

Liquidate  —  abate,  decrease,  lessen, 
diminish,  lower  ,pay. 

Listen,  to— attend  to,  hearken. 

Little — diminutive,  small. 

Live,  to — dwell,  exist,  reside,  subsist. 

Lively— active,  agile,  brisk,  jocund, 
nimble,  sprightly,  vigorous. 

Lodge,  to — entertain,  harbor,  shelter. 

Loftiness— dignity,  height,  pride,  el- 
evation, haughtiness. 

Loiter,  to — lag,  finger,  saunter. 

Lonely— dismal,  lonesome,  solitary. 

Look,  to — behold,  eye,  inspect,  view. 

Loose  —  dissolute,    licentious,    slack, 
unrestrained,  unconnected,  untied. 

Loquacious — garrulous,  talkative. 

Loss— damage,  detriment. 

Lot — destiny,  fate,  fortune,  portion. 

Loud — clamorous,  noisy,    turbulent, 
vehement,  vociferous. 

Love  —  affection,  attachment,  fond- 
ness, kindness,  liking. 
\  Lovely — amiable,  beautiful,   charm- 
ing, delightful,  fine,  handsome. 

Lover— suiter,  wooer. 

Loving — affectionate,  amorous,  kind. 

Low — abject,  base,  dejected,  despica- 
ble, humble,  lowly,  mean,  not  loud. 

Lower,  to — debase,  degrade,  humili- 
ate. 

Lucky  —  fortunate,  prosperous,  suc- 
cessful. 

Ludicrous — comical, droll,  laughable. 

Lunacy— derangement,  insanity  mad- 
ness, mania. 

Luxuriant — abundant,  exuberant. 

Luxury  —  delicious,  luxurious,  pro- 
fuseness,  sumptuousness. 

Madness  —  derangement,     insanity, 
fren2y,  fury,  lunacy,  mania,  rage. 

Magnificent- -splendid,  grand,  sub- 
lime, superb. 

Magnitude— bulk,  greatness,  size. 


Maintain,  m— assert,   continue,   de« 

fend,  support,  sustain,  vindicate. 

Make,  to— compel,  compose,  constrain, 
create,  form,  force,  produce. 

Malady — disease,  disorder,  distem- 
per. 

Malice — grudge,  rancor,  spite. 

Malicious— malevolent,  malignant. 

Malignant — envious,  malicious. 

Manage,  to — concert,  contrive,  direct. 

Mandate — charge,  command,  order, 
injunction. 

Mangle,  to — lacerate,  maim,  tear, 
mutilate,  smooth  linen. 

Mania — derangement,  insanity,  lu- 
nacy, madness. 

Manifest — apparent,  clear,  obvious, 
open,  plain. 

Manner — behavior,  habits,  morals. 

Margin — border,  brim,  brink,  con- 
fine, edge,  rim,  verge. 

Mark,  to— brand,  impress,  imprint, 
observe,  remark,  show,  stamp. 

Mark — badge,  impression,  indication, 
stamp,  symptom,  token,  vestige, 
trace,  track. 

Marriage  —  matrimony,  nuptials, 
wedding,  wedlock. 

Martial — brave,  military,  warlike. 

Marvel — miracle,  wonder,  prodigy. 

Massive— bulky,  heavy,  ponderous. 

Master — chief,  director,  head,  owner, 
possessor,  teacher,  proprietor. 

Master,  to — conquer,  overcome. 

Matter — affair,  body,cause,  material, 
subject,  substance. 

Mature — complete,  perfect,  ripe. 

Maxim  —  adage,  apothegm,  saying, 
aphorism,  proverb. 

Mean — abject,  despicable,  low,  nig- 
gardly, penurious,  sordid. 

Meaning — import,  intention,  purpose, 
sense,  signification. 

Meanwhile  —  interim,  intervening, 
meantime.  [tive. 

Mechanic — artificer,    artisan,  opera- 

Meddle,  to — interfere,  interpose,  mix. 

Mediate,  to — intercede,  interpose. 

Meek — gentle,  humble,  mild  soft. 

Meet,  to — assemble,  encounter,  join. 

Meeting — assembly,  auditory,  com. 
pany,  congregation,  encountering. 

Melancholy— -dejection,  depression, 
distress,  gloomy,  sadness. 

Melody — concord,  harmony,  unison. 

Melt,  to — dissolve,  liquefy,  soften. 

Memory— recollection,  reminiscence,, 
remembrance. 

Mend,  to — correct,  improve,  rectify. 

MebcifuIj  —  benignant,  compassion- 
ate, gracious,  mild,  tender. 

Merciless — cruel',  hard-hearted,  piti- 
less, unmerciful. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


189 


Mercy— clemency,  lenity,  pity. 

Merry — cheerful,  gay,  joyous,  lively, 
mirthful,  sportive,  sprightly,  viva- 
cious. 

Messenger  —carrier,  forerunner,  har- 
binger, precursor. 

Metaphor — allegory,  emblem,  figure, 
symbol. 

Method— manner,  mode,  order,  regu- 
larity, rule,  system. 

Middle  —  interim,  measure,  mode- 
rate, mediocrity,  medium. 

Mighty— potent,  powerful. 

Mild — easy,  gentle,  kind,  mellow, 
meek,  sweet,  soft,  tender. 

Mindful— attentive,  heedful,  obser- 
vant, regardful. 

Minister,  to — administer,  attend  on, 
contribute,  supply. 

Mirth  —  cheerfulness,  hilarity,  joy, 
jollity,  merriment,  vivacity. 

Mischief — damage,  evil  or  ill,  hurt, 
harm,  injury,  misfortune. 

Miserly— avaricious,  parsimonious, 
niggardly,  penurious. 

Misfortune — calamity,  disaster,  ill- 
luck,  harm,  mishap. 

Mistake — blunder,  error,  misconcep- 
tion, [cion, 

Mistrust — diffidence,    doubt,    suspi- 

Misuse— abuse,  misapply,  pervert. 

Mitigate,  to — abate,  alleviate,  ap- 
pease, assuage,  mollify,  soothe. 

Model  —  archetype,  copy,  pattern, 
specimen. 

Moderation — frugality,  forbearance, 
modesty,  sobriety,  temperance. 

Modern — new,  novel,  recent. 

Modest— bashful,  diffident,  reserved, 
unassuming. 

Modify,  to—  alter,  change,  extenuate, 
moderate. 

Molest,  to — annoy,  disturb,  incom- 
mode, tease,  vex,  trouble. 

Mollify,  to — appease,  assuage,  miti- 
gate, moderate,  soften. 

Morose — gloomy,  splenetic,  sullen. 

Motive — cause,  principle,  reason. 

Mourn,  to— bewail,  grieve,  lament, 
fret. 

Move,  to — actuate,  instigate,  incite, 
induce,  influence,  persuade. 

Munificent  —  beneficent,  bountiful, 
bounteous,  generous,  liberal. 

Muse,  to— contemplate,  ponder,  med- 
itate, reflect,  study,  wonder,  think. 

Mutable — alterable,  fickle,  changea- 
ble, inconstant,  irresolute,  unstable, 
unsteady,  variable,  wavering. 

Mutilate,  to — deprive,  destroy,  de- 
face, injure,  maim,  mangle. 

Mutinous  —  seditious,  tumultuous, 
turbulent. 


Mutual — reciprocal. 

Mysterious — dark,  dim,  hidden,  la* 
tent,  mystic,  obscure,  occult.  1 

Naked — exposed,  plain,  rude,  simple^ 
uncovered,  unclothed. 

Name — appellation,  cognomen,  credit, 
denomination,  reputation,  title. 

Narrow — confined,  contracted,  lim- 
ited. 

Native— genuine,  indigenous,  intrin- 
sic. 

Near,  to — adjacent,  close,  contiguous. 

Necessary — essential,  expedient,  in- 
dispensable, needful,  requisite. 

Necessity  —  emergency,  exigency, 
need,  occasion,  want. 

Need —  indigence,  penury,  poverty, 
want. 

Nefarious — unjust,  wicked,  iniqui- 
tous. 

Negligent— careless,  heedless,  inat- 
tentive, neglectful,  remiss. 

New — fresh,  modern,  novel,  recent. 

Nigh  — adjacent,  close,  contiguous, 
near. 

Noele  —  elevated,  exalted,  grand, 
great,  illustrious. 

Noisy  —  clamorous,  high,  sounding, 
loud. 

Noted — celebrated,  conspicuous,  dis- 
tinguished, eminent,  illustrious,  no- 
torious, renowned. 

Notice — advice,  intelligence,warning. 

Notion  —  conception,  idea,  opinion, 
perception,  sentiment,  thought. 

Notorious— conspicuous,  noted,  dis- 
tinguished, public,  renowned. 

Notwithstanding — however,  in  spite 
of,  nevertheless,  yet. 

Nourish,  to— cherish,  maintain,  nur- 
ture, support. 

Obdurate — callous,  hardened,  impen- 
itent, inflexible,  insensible,  obsti- 
nate, unfeeling. 

Obedient — compliant,  dutiful,  obse- 
quious, respectful,  submissive. 

Object — aim,  end,  subject. 

Object,  to — against,  except  to,  oppose, 
urge. 

Objection — demur,  doubt,  exception, 
difficulty,  hesitation,  opposition. 

Oblige,  to — bind,  compel,  coerce,  en- 
gage, favor,  force,  gratify,  please. 

Obnoxious — exposed,  offensive,  sub- 
ject. 

Obscure — abstruse,  concealed,  dark, 
indistinct,  hidden,  occult. 

Observance  —  attention,  ceremony, 
form,  respect,  right. 

Observant  —  attentive,  Tegardful, 
mindful,  watchful. 

Observe,  to— follow,  fulfill,  look  on, 
keep,  remark,  watch. 


190 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Obsolete  —  ancient,  antique,  anti- 
quated, disused,  old-fashioned,  old. 

Obstacle — difficulty,  hindrance,  im- 
pediment, obstruction. 

Obstinate  —  headstrong,  inflexible, 
opinionated,  pertinacious,  resolute, 
stubborn. 

Obstruct,  to — bar,  block  up,  hinder, 
impede,  prevent. 

Obtain,  to  —  acquire,  attain,  earn, 
gain,  procure,  win. 

Obvious  —  apparent,  clear,  evident, 
manifest,  open,  plain,  visible. 

Occasion— occurrence,  opportunity, 
necessity. 

Occasional— casual,  incidental,  ir- 
regular. 

Occupation  —  avocation,  business, 
calling,  employment,  profession, 
trade. 

Occupy,  to — hold,  possess,  use. 

Occurrence  —  adventure,  incident, 
contingency. 

Odor— fragrance,  perfume,  scent. 

Offend,  to — despise,  displease  vex. 

Offence — crime,  indignity,  injury,  in- 
sult, misdeed,  outrage,  transgres- 
sion, trespass. 

Offensive — abusive,  impertinent,  in- 
jurious, insulting,  insolent,  obnox- 
ious, opprobrious,  rude,  scurrilous. 

Offering — oblation,  presentation. 

Officious — active,  busy,  forward,  in- 
trusive, obtrusive. 

Only— alone,  barely,  merely,  simply, 
singly,  solely. 

Open — candid,  clear,  evident,  frank, 
free,  ingenuous,  plain,  sincere. 

Open,  to — disclose,  reveal,  unclose,  un- 
lock. 

Opening — aperture,  cavity. 

Operation— action,  agency,  surgical 
act. 

Opinion — notion,  sentiment. 

Opinionated  —  conceited,  egotistical, 
obstinate,  opinionative. 

Opponent— adversary,  antagonist,  en- 
emy, foe. 

Opposite — adverse,  contrary,  inimi- 
cal, repugnant. 

Opprobrious — abusive,  insulting,  in- 
solent, offensive,  scurrilous. 

Opprobrium — disgrace,  ignominy,  in- 
famy, 

Option — choice,  election. 

Oration— address,  harangue,  speech, 

discourse. 
Ordain,  to — appoint,  order,  prescribe, 

invest. 
Order  —  class,     degree,     fraternity, 

method,  rank,  series,  succession. 
Order— command,  injunction,  man- 
date, precept. 


Orderly  —  methodical,     systematic, 

regular. 
Ordinary— common,  mean,  usual. 
Origin  — beginning,   cause,  descent, 
fountain,  original,    reason,  source, 
rise. 
Original— first,  primary,    primitive, 

pristine. 
Ornament,    to  —  adorn,     embellish, 

beautify,  deck,  decorate. 
Ornate — adorned,  bedecked,  decorat- 
ed, embellished,  garnished. 
Ostensible — colorable,  feasible,  pro- 
fessed, plausible,  specious. 
Ostentation — boasting,  display,  pa- 
rade, show,  vaunting. 
Outrage — affront,  insult,  violence. 
Outlive,  to— survive. 
Outward— extraneous,  exterior,  ex- 
ternal, extrinsic,  outer. 
Overbearing — domineering,  imperi- 
ous, lordly. 
Overcome  —  conquer,    subdue,    sur- 
mount, vanquish. 
Overflow,   to — abound,  deluge,  fill, 

inundate. 
Overreach,  to — circumvent,  deceive. 
Oversight  —  error,    inattention,    in- 
spection, mistake,  superintendence. 
Overwhelm,  to—  bear    down,    crush, 

overbear,  overpower,  subdue. 
Owner — master,    possessor,    proprie- 
tor. 
Pacify,    to  —  appease,     calm,    quiet, 

still. 
Pain — agony,  anguish,  distress,  suffer- 
ing, torment. 
Paint,  to— color,  delineate,  depict,  de- 
scribe, portray,  sketch,  represent. 
Pair — brace,  couple. 
Pale— fair,  pallid,  wan,  white. 
Palliate,  to— cover,  extenuate,  gloss, 

varnish. 
Palpable — coarse,  perceptible  by  the 

touch,  discernible,  gross,  plain. 
Palpitate,  to— flutter,    beat,    gasp, 

pant. 
Panegyric — encomium,    praise,    eu- 
logy. 
Pang — agony,  anguish,  distress,  pain, 

torment. 
Parasite — flatterer,  sycophant. 
Pardon,  to  —  absolve,  acquit,  clear, 

discbarge,  forgive,  remit,  set  free. 
Parsimonious  —  avaricious,  miserly* 

niggardly,  penurious. 
Part— action,  concern,  division,  piece, 

portion,  share. 
Particular  —  appropriate,     circum- 
stantial, distinct,  exact,  exclusive, 
nice,  peculiar,  punctual,  specific. 
Particularly — chiefly,  distinctly,  es» 
pecially,  specifically,  principally. 


DICTIONARY  OF  STNONTMS. 


191 


Partisan  .—  adherent,  follower,  dis- 
ciple. 

Partner  —  associate,  coadjutor,  col- 
league. 

Passion— anger,  excitement,  love. 

Passionate  —  angry,  excitable,  hot, 
hasty,  irascible. 

Passive — calm,  patient,  quiescent,  re- 
signed, submissive,  unresisting. 

Pathetic— affecting,  touching,  mov- 
ing. 

Patience — endurance,  fortitude,  pas- 
sivity, resignation. 

Patient — an  invalid,  composed,  calm, 
enduring,  passive. 

Peaceable  —  calm,  gentle,  pacific, 
mild,  quiet,  serene,  tranquil,  undis- 
turbed. 

Peculiar  —  appropriate,  exclusive, 
particular. 

Peevish — captious,  cross,  fretful,  ir- 
ritable, petulant. 

Penalty  —  chastisement,  fine,  for- 
feiture, mulct,  punishment. 

Penetrate,  to — bore,  periorate,pierce. 

Penetrating — acuteness,  discerning, 
discriminating,  sagacious. 

Penitence  —  compunction,  remorse, 
contrition,  repentance. 

Penurious — beggarly,  miserly,  nig- 
gardly, parsimonious,  sparing. 

Penury  —  indigence,  need,  poverty, 
want.  [observe. 

Perceive,  to  —  discern,    distinguish, 

Perception  —  conception,  sensation, 
idea,  notion,  sentiment. 

Peremtory— absolute,  arbitrary,  des- 
potic, dogmatical,  positive. 

Perfect — complete,  finished. 

Perfidious — faithless,  treacherous. 

Perforate,  to  —  bore,  pierce,  pene- 
trate. 

Perform,  to — accomplish,  achieve,  ef- 
fect, execute,  fulfill,  produce. 

Perfume  —  fragrance,  odor,  smell, 
scent. 

Period — age,  date,  era,  epoch,  time. 

Perjure,  to — forswear,  suborn. 

Permit,  to  —  admit,  allow,  consent, 
suffer,  tolerate,  yield. 

Pernicious  —  destructive,  hurtful, 
mischievous,  noisome,  noxious. 

Perpetual  —  continuous,  constant, 
incessant,  unceasing,  uninterrupt- 
edly. 

Perplex,  to— confuse,  embarrass,  en- 
tangle, harass,  molest,  puzzle. 

Persevere,  to— continue,  insist,  per- 
sist, prosecute,  pursue. 

Pespicuity — transparency,  clearness, 
translucency. 

Persuade,  to — entice,  exhort,  influ- 
ence, prevail  upon,  urge. 


Pertinent— apposite,  appropriate. 

Perverse — cross,  crooked,  froward, 
stubborn,  untractable. 

Pestilential— contagious,  epidemi- 
cal, infectious,  mischievous. 

Petition— entreaty,  prayer,  6uit,  re- 
quest, supplication. 

Picture — effigy,  image,  likeness,  rep- 
resentation. 

Pious — devout,  godly,  holy,  spiritual, 
religious. 

Pique — grudge,  malice,  offence,  ran- 
cor, spite. 

Pity  —  compassion,  commiseration, 
condolence,  mercy,  sympathy. 

Place — ground,  post,  "position,  seat, 
site,  situation,  space. 

Place,  to — dispose,  lay,  order,  put, 
set. 

Placid — calm,  quiet,  serene,  tranquil. 

Plague,  to — annoy,  harass,  impor- 
tune, molest,  tantalize,  tease,  tor- 
ment, trouble,  vex. 

Plain — apparent,  clear,  distinct,  evi- 
dent, manifest,  obvious,  visible. 

Plan  —  contrivance,  design,  device, 
project,  scheme,  stratagem. 

Plausible— colorable,  feasible,  osten- 
sible, specious. 

Pleasant — agreeable,  cheerful,  face- 
tious,  gay,  jocular,  witty. 

Please,  to — delight,  gratify,  humor, 
satisfy. 

Pleasure — delight,  enjoyment,  hap- 
piness, joy. 

Pledge  —  deposit,  earnest,  hostage, 
security. 

Plentiful — abundant,  ample,  copi- 
ous, exuberant,  plenteous. 

Pliant  —  bending,  flexible,  pliable, 
lithe,  limber,  supple,  yielding. 

Plight— case,  condition,  predicament, 
situation,  state. 

Plot — cabal,  combination,  scheme, 
conspiracy,  intrigue,  plan. 

Polite  —  civil,  courteous,  polished, 
genteel,  refined,  well-bred. 

Politeness— affability,  civility,  cour- 
teousness,  courtesy,  good  manners. 

Politic — artful,  civil,  cunning,  pru- 
dent. 

Pollute,    to — contaminate,    corrupt, 
defile,  infect,  taint,  vitiate. 
I  Pompous— dignified,    lofty,    magiste- 
rial, magnificent,  stately. 

Ponder,  to — consider,  muse,  reflect, 
think. 

Portion — division,  dower,  fortune, 
part,  quantity,  share. 

Position — place,  post,  situation,  sta- 
tion. 

Positive — certain,  confident,  dogmat* 
ical,  real. 


192 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


J 


Possess,  to — have,  hold,  occupy. 

Postpone,  to— defer,  delay,  retard, 
procrastinate,  prolong,  protract. 

Posture — action,  attitude,  gesture, 
position. 

Potent — forcible,  mighty,  powerful, 
strong,  vigorous. 

Poverty — indigence,  need,  penury, 
want. 

Powerful — mighty,  influential,  po- 
tent, strong,  vigorous. 

Practicable — feasible,  possible,  prac- 
tical. 

ractice — custom,    habit,    manner, 
use. 

Pbaise,  to  —  admire,  applaud,  com- 
mend, eulogize,  laud,  panegyrize. 

Prayer — entreaty,  petition,  suit,  re- 
quest, supplication. 

Precarious—  doubtful,  equivocal,  du- 
bious, uncertain. 

Precedence — pre-eminence,  prefer- 
ence, priority. 

Precedent— example. 

Preceding  —  antecedent,  anterior, 
foregoing,  former,  previous,  prior. 

Precept— doctrine,  law,  injunction, 
mandate,  maxim,  principle,  rule. 

Precious — costly,  uncommon,  valua- 
ble, [nice. 

Precise  —  accurate,    correct,    exact, 

Preclude,  to — hinder,  obviate,  pre- 
vent. 

Precursor — forerunner,  harbinger, 
messenger. 

Predicament— condition,  plight,  sit- 
uation. 

Predict,  to — foretell,  prognosticate, 
prophesy. 

Predominate — overruling,  prevalent, 
prevailing,  supreme. 

Preface— introduction,  proem,  pre- 
lude. 

Prefer,  to  —  advance,  choose,  for- 
ward, encourage,  promote. 

Prefer  KKqjs  —  choice,  precedence, 
priority.  fence. 

Preferment — advancement,    prefer- 

Pregnant — big,  enciente,  large. 

Prejudice — bias,  detriment,  disad- 
vantage, hurt,  injury,  preposses- 
sion. 

Preliminary — antecedent,  introduc- 
tory, preparatory,  previous. 

Prepare,  to— equip,  make  ready,  fit, 
qualify. 

Preposterous  —  absurd,  irrational, 
foolish. 

Prerogative — immunity,    privilege. 

Prescribe,  to— appoint,  dictate,  or- 
dain. 

Preserve,  to— keep,  protect,  save, 
spare. 


Pressing — crowding,  emergent,  fore. 
ing,  importunate,  squeezing,  ur- 
gent. 

Presume  —  believe,  conjecture,  sup- 
pose, surmise,  think. 

Presuming  —  arrogant,  presumptive, 
forward,  presumptuous. 

Pretend,  to — affect,  feign,  stimulate. 

Pretext — excuse,  pretence,  preten- 
sion. 

Pretty— agreeable,  beautiful,  fine. 

Prevailing — dominant,  overcoming, 
prevalent,  ruling,  succeeding. 

Prevent,  to — anticipate,  hinder,  im- 
pede, obstruct,  obviate,  preclude. 

Previous  —  anterior,  introductory, 
preliminary,  prior. 

Price— charge,  cost,  expense,  value, 
worth. 

Pride — arrogance,  conceit,  haughti- 
ness, loftiness,  self-esteem,  ostenta- 
tion, vanity. 

Primary — first,  original,  primitive, 
pristine. 

Principal — capital,  chief,  essential, 
head,  important,  main. 

Principle — constituent  part,  element, 
doctrine,  motive,  tenet,  fundamen- 
tal truth. 

Print —impression,  mark,  stamp. 

Prior — antecedent,  anterior,  preced- 
ing, former,  previous. 

Priority  —  precedence,  preference, 
pre-eminence. 

Pristine— first,  original,  primitive. 

Privacy— loneliness,  retirement,  se- 
clusion, secrecy,  solitude. 

Privilege  —  advantage,  exemption, 
immunity,  perogative,  right. 

Pbobability— chance,  likelihood. 

Probity— honesty,  integrity,  upright- 
ness, veracity. 

Proceed,  to— advance,  arise,  emanate, 
issue,  progress. 

Proceeding  to— course,  progression, 
transaction. 

Proclaim,  to— advertise,  announce, 
declare,  promulgate,  publish,  tell. 

Proclivity  —  inclination,  tendency, 
proneness. 

Procure,  to — acquire,  gain,  obtain. 

Prodigal  —  extravagant,  wasteful, 
lavish,  profuse. 

Prodigious  —  amazing,  enormous, 
monstrous,  vast. 

Profane — impious,  irreligious,  irrev- 
erent, secular. 

Profession  —  avocation,  business, 
calling,  employment,  vocation. 

Proficiency  —"advancement,  im- 
provement, progress. 

Profit— advantage,  benefit,  e»(Ao< 
ment,  gain. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


198 


Profligate— abandoned,  corrupt,  de- 
praved, vicious,  wicked. 
Profuse — extravagant,  lavish,  prodi- 

^gaL  -  d      • 

Progeny — issue,  offspring,  race. 

Progress — advancement,  gradation, 
motion,  proficiency. 

Project — design,  plan,  scheme. 

Prolific — fertile,  fruitful. 

Prolix— diffuse,  long,  tedious. 

Prolong,  to — delay,  extend,  postpone, 
procrastinate,  protract,  retard. 

Prominent  —  conspicuous,  protube- 
rant. 

Promiscuous  —  mingled,  indiscrimi- 
nate. 

Promise — assurance,  declaration,  en- 
gagement, word. 

Promote,  to  —  advance,  encourage, 
forward,  prefer. 

Prompt — active,  assiduous,  ready. 

Pronounce,  to — affirm,  articulate,  de- 

*"  clare,  speak,  utter. 

/•roof  —  argument,  demonstration, 
evidence,  testimony. 

Propagate,  to — circulate,  diffuse,  dis- 
seminate, increase,  multiply. 

Propensity — inclination,  proneness, 
bias,  tendency. 

Proper— fit,  just,  right,  suitable. 

Propitious    -auspicious,  favorable. 

Propitiate,  to — appease,  reconcile, 
atone,  conciliate. 

Proportion— form,  rate,  relation,  ra- 
tio, size,  symmetry. 

Proportionate  —  adequate,  equal, 
commensurate. 

Propose,  to— bid,  intend,  offer,  pur- 
pose, tender. 

Prospect — landscape,  survey,  view. 

Prospective  ■  foreseeing,  forward, 
future. 

Prosperous — flourishing,  fortunate, 
lucky,  successful. 

Protect,  to — cherish,  defend,  foster, 
guard,  patronize,  shelter,  shield. 

Protract,  to — defer,  delay,  postpone, 
prolong,  retard. 

Proud— arrogant,  assuming,  conceit- 
ed, haughty,  lofty,  vain. 

Proverb— adage,  aphorism,  maxim, 
apothegm,  by-word,  saw,  saying. 

Provide,  to— furnish,  prepare,  pro- 
cure, supply. 

Provident — careful,  economical,  cau- 
tious, foresight,  prudent. 

Proviso— condition,  stipulation. 

Provoke,  to — aggravate,  exasperate, 
enrage,  excite,  irritate,  tantalize. 

Prudence  —  carefulness,  discretion, 
forethought,  judgment,  wisdom. 

Publish,  to — advertise,  announce,  de- 
clare, proclaim,  promulgate. 


Puerile— boyish,  childish,   juvenile. 

Pull,  to— drag,  draw,  gather,  hale, 
haul,  pluck,  lug. 

Punctual— exact,  nice,  particular. 

Punish,  to  —  chastise,  correct,  disci- 
pline. 

Pursue,  to— chase,  continue,  follow, 
persevere,  persist,  prosecute. 

Puzzle,  to  —  bewilder,  embarrass, 
confound,  entangle,  perplex. 

Quack — charlatan,  empiric,  preten- 
der. 

Qualified  —  adapted,     competent,^ 
fitted.  Sg?L 

Qualify,  to — adapt,  equip,  furnish, 
fit,  modify,  prepare,  temper. 

Quality— accomplishment,  attribute, 
distinction,  property,  rank. 

Quarrel  —  affray,  altercation,  con- 
test, contention,  dispute,  tumult. 

Query — inquiry,  interrogatory,  ques- 
tion. 

Question,  to— ask,  dispute,  doubt, 
examine,  inquire,  interrogate. 

Questionable — doubtful,  suspicious. 

Quick  —  active,  expeditious,  brisk, 
pregnant,  prompt,  swift. 

Quiet — calm,  ease,  peaceable,  placid, 
rest,  repose,  still,  tranquillity. 

Quit,  to— abandon,  forsake,  leave,  re- 
sign, relinquish. 

Quota— proportion,  rate,  share. 

Quote— adduce,  cite. 

Pace — breed,  course,  family,  genera- 
tion, lineage,  progress. 

Radiance— brightness,  brilliancy. 

Page — anger,  choler,  fury. 

Raise  to  —  advance,  collect,  elevate, 
heighten,  erect,  exalt,  propagate. 

Rally,  to  —  banter,  collect,  deride, 
mock,  ridicule. 

Rank— class,  degree,  fruitful. 

Ransom,  to — free,  redeem,  manumit. 

Rapacious — greedy,  ravenous,  vora- 
cious. 

Rapidity— agility,  celerity,  fleetnesa, 
speed,  swiftness,  velocity. 

Rapture— ecstacy,  transport. 

Rare — excellent,  incomparable,  raw, 
scarce,  singular,  uncommon. 

Rash— hasty,  headstrong,  precipitate, 
thoughtless,  violent. 

Rate  —  assessment,  degree,  propor- 
tion, price,  quota,  ratio,  scold, 
value.  [cious. 

Ravenous — greedy,   rapacious,   vora- 

Ray — beam,  gleam,  glimmer. 

Ready— apt,dexterous,facile,  prompt. 

Real — actual,  genuine,  positive,  true. 

Realize,  to  —  achieve,  accomplish, 
complete,  consummate,  effect. 

Reason— argument,  motive,  origin, 
proof,  purpose,  understanding. 


194 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Reason  able  —  equitable,  fair,  just, 
honest,  moderate,  rational. 

Rebuke — censure,  expostulation,  re- 
proach., reprimand,  reproof.  / 

Recant,  to— abjure,  recall,  retract, 
renounce,  revoke. 

Recede,  to— fall  back,  retrogade,  re- 
tire, retreat. 

Recipkocal— alternate,  mutual. 

Recite,  to— recapitulate,  rehearse,  re- 
peat. 

Reckon,  to — calculate,  count,  com- 
pute, estimate,  number. 

Reclaim,  to — correct,  recover,  reform. 

Recollection  —  memory,  reminis- 
cence, remembrance. 

Recompense— compensation,  equiva- 
lent, remuneration,  reward,  satis- 
faction. 

Reconcile — conciliate,  propitiate. 

Recruit,  to — recover,  replace,  repair, 
retrieve. 

Rectify,  to— amend,  emend,  correct, 
improve,  mend,  reform. 

Rectitude  —  straightness,  upright- 
ness. 

Redeem,  to — recover,  rescue,  ransom. 

Redress — amendment,  remedy,  re- 
lief. 

Refer,  to — allude,  appeal,  hint,  inti- 
mate, suggest. 

Refined  —  elegant,  genteel,  polite, 
polished. 

Relect,  to— consider,  censure,  muse, 
ponder,  reproach,  think. 

Reform,  to— amend,  better,  correct, 
improve,  rectify. 

Refractory — contumacious,perverse, 
ungovernable,  unruly. 

Refrain,  to — abstain,  forbear,  spare. 

Refresh,  to — cool,  renew,  refrigerate, 
revive. 

Refute,  to  —  confute,  disprove,  op- 
pugn. 

Regale,  to — entertain,  feast,  gratify, 
refresh. 

Regard,  to — esteem,  heed,  mind,  ob- 
serve, respect,  reverence,  value. 

Regardless  —  heedless,  indifferent, 
negligent,  unconcerned,  unobserv- 
ant. 

Region — country,  district,  quarter. 

Regret,  to— complain,  grieve,  lament, 
repent. 

Regulate,  to  —  adjust,  direct,  rule, 
dispose,  govern. 

Rehearse  —  recapitulate,  recite,  re- 
peat. 

Reject,  to — decline,  repel,  refuse. 

Rejoinder  —  answer,  reply,  replica- 
tion, response. 

Eelev ant  -^  apposite,  fit,  pertinent, 
proper,  to  the  purpose. 


Reliance  —  confidence,   dependence, 
repose,  trust. 
y  ''Relieve — aid,  alleviate,  assist,  help, 
mitigate,  succor. 

Religious — devout,  holy,  pious. 

Remain,  to — abide,    await,  continue, 
sojourn,  stay,  tarry. 

Remainder — remnant,  residue,  rest. 

Remains — leavings,  relics. 

Remark  —  annotation,     observation, 
comment,  note.  [lection. 

Reminiscence— remembrance,    recol- 

Remiss  —  careless,  heedless,  inatten- 
tive, negligent,  thoughtless. 

Remit,  to — abate,  absolve,  forgive,  lib- 
erate, pardon,  relax,  transmit. 

Remorse — contrition,  penitence. 

Renew,  to — refresh,  renovate,  revive. 

Renounce,    to  —  abandon,    abdicate, 
forego,  quit,  relinquish,  resign. 

Renown—  celebrity,  fame,  reputation. 

Repair,  to — recover,  restore,  retrieve. 

Reparation  —  amends,    restoration, 
restitution. 

Repartee — reply,  retort. 

Repeal,  to — abolish,  abrogate,  annul, 
concel,  destroy,  revoke. 

E,epeat,   to — do    again,    recapitulate, 
recite,  rehearse. 

Repetition — recital,  tautology. 

Replenish,  to — fill,  refill,  supply. 

Repose — ease,  quiet,  rest,  sleep. 

Reprehensible — blamable,  censura- 
ble, culpable,  reprovable. 

Reproach,  to — blame,  condemn,  cen- 
sure, reprove,  upbraid.  [sion. 

Reproof — blame,  censure,  reprehen- 

Reprove,  to  —  chide,  rebuke,    repri- 
mand. 

Repugnace-  antipathy,  aversion,  dis* 
like,  hatred. 

Repugnant — adverse,  contrary,  hos* 
tile,  inimical,  opposite. 

Reputation  —  character,       renown, 
credit,  fame,  honor,  repute. 

Request,  to— ask,  beg,  beseech,    de- 
mand, entreat,  implore,  solicit. 

Requisite — essential,  expedient,  nec- 
essary. 

Research — examination,  inquiry,  in« 
vestigation. 

Resemblance — likeness,    similarity, 
similitude. 

Reservation — reserve,  retention. 

Residence  —  abode,  domicile,  dwell- 
ing. 

Residue — remainder,  remnant,  rest. 

Resign,  to— abdicate,  forego,  give  up, 
relinquish,  renounce. 

Resignation  —  acquiescence,  endur* 
ance,  patience,  submission. 

Resist,  to  —  oppose,    thwart,   witlr 
stand. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


195 


Resolute — courage,  decision,  deter- 
mined, fixed,  steady. 

Resolution  —  courage,  decision,  de- 
termination, firmness,  fortitude. 

Resort,  to — frequent,  haunt. 

Resource — expedient,  means,  resort. 

Respect  —  attention,  consideration, 
deference,  esteem,  estimation  re- 
gard. 

Respectful — civil,  dutiful,  obedient. 

Respite — interval,  reprieve,  suspen- 
sion. 

Response— answer,  rejoinder,  reply, 
replication. 

Responsible — accountable,amenable, 
answerable. 

Rest — cessation,  ease,  intermission, 
quiet,  repose,  stop,  otters,  remain- 
der. 

Restore,  to — cure,  give  up,  repay,  re- 
turn, render. 

Restoration  —  amends,  reparation, 
restitution. 

Restrain,  to — coerce,  constrain,  limit, 
repress,  restrict. 

Restrict,  to — bind,  circumscribe,  con- 
fine, limit. 

Result  —  consequence,  effect,  event, 
issue. 

Retain,  to  —  detain,  hold,  reserve, 
keep. 

Retaliation — repayment,  reprisal. 

Retard,  to  —  defer,  delay,  hinder, 
postpone,  procrastinate,  prolong, 
protract. 

Retire,  to  —  recede,  retreat,  secede, 
withdraw. 

Retract,  to  —  abjure,  recall,  recant, 
revoke. 

Retrieve,  to — recover,  regain. 

Reveal,  to  —  communicate,  disclose, 
divulge,  impart. 

Revenge,  to — avenge,  vindicate. 

Revere,  to — adore,  reverence,  vene- 
rate. 

Reverse,  to — change,  subvert,  over- 
turn. 

Review — notice,  revision,  survey. 

Revtvb,  to — refresh,  renew,  renovate, 
reanimate. 

Revoke,  to— abolish,  abrogate,  annul, 
cancel,  repeal,  retract. 

Reward — compensation,  recompense, 
remuneration,  requital,  satisfaction. 

Riches — opulence,  wealth,  affluence. 

Ridicule,  to — banter,  deride,  laugh  at, 
lampoon,  mock,  rally,  satirize. 

Ridiculous  —  absurd,  preposterous, 
droll,  ludicrous. 

Right— claim,  direct,  just,  proper,  im- 
munity, privilege,  straight. 

Righteous— equitable,  godly,  honest, 
incorrupt,  just,  upright,  vutuousi 


Ripeness— maturity,  perfection. 

Rite— ceremony,  form,  observance. 

Rivalry — competition,  emulation. 

Road — course,  path,  route,  way. 

Roam,  to  —  ramble,  range,  wander, 
rove,  stroll. 

Room — apartment,  chamber,  space. 

Rough — harsh,  rude,  rugged,  severe, 
stormy,  uncivil,  unpolished. 

Round— circuit,  globe,  orb,  sphere, 
step,  tour. 

Route — course,  road,  way. 

Rude  —  coarse,  impertinent,  impu- 
dent, rough,  saucy,  unpolished. 

Rule—  government,  guide,  maxim, 
method,  law,  regulation,  precept. 

Ruse — artifice,  fraud,  trick,  wile. 

Sacrament  —  communion,  eucharist, 
Lord's  Supper. 

Sacred— divine,  devoted,  holy. 

Sad— dejected,  gloomy,  melancholy, 
mournful,  sorrowful. 

Sagacity  —  acuteness,  discernment, 
penetration. 

Sailor— mariner,  seaman. 

Salary — hire,  pay,  stipend,  wages. 

Sanction,  to  —  countenance,  ratify, 
support. 

Sapient — sagacious,  sage,  wise. 

Sarcasm — irony,  ridicule,  satire. 

Satiate,  to — cloy,  glut,  satisfy. 

Satisfaction  —  atonement,  content- 
ment, remuneration^  reward. 

Satisfy,  to — cloy,  gratify,  please,  glut, 
satiate. 

Saving — economical,  frugal,  penuri- 
ous, sparing,  stingy,  thrifty. 

Saying  —  adage,  aphorism,  maxim, 
apothegm,  by-word,  proverb,  relat- 
ing, speaking. 

Scandal — discredit,  disgrace,  infamy, 
reproach. 

Scarcity — dearth,  penury. 

Scarce — singular,  rare. 

Scatter,  to— disperse,  spread,  dissi- 
pate. 

Scent  —  fragrance,  odor,  perfume, 
smell. 

Scoff,  to — jeer,  jibe,  sneer. 

Scope — aim,  drift,  tendency. 

Scruple,  to — doubt,  fluctuate,  hesi- 
tate. 

Scrupulous — cautious,  careful,  con- 
scientious. 

Scrutinize  —  examine,  investigate, 
pry,  search. 

Scurrilous  —  abusive,  insolent,  in- 
sulting, offensive,  opprobrious. 

Search — examination,  investigation, 
inquiry,  pursuit,  scrutiny. 

Secede,  to— recede,  retire,  withdraw. 

Seclusion  —  loneliness,  retireaoeB\ 
privacy,  solitude, 


19« 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Secondary  —  inferior,  subordinate, 
second. 

Secret — clandestine,  covert,  hidden, 
concealed,  latent,  mysterious. 

Secular — temporal,  worldly. 

Secure,  to  —  be  certain,  guarantee, 
guard,  make  sure. 

Secure — certain,  confident,  safe,  sure. 

Security  —  defence,  deposit,  guard, 
pledge,  protection,  safety. 

Sedate— calm,  composed,  quiet,  still, 
serene,  unruffled. 

Seduce,  to— allure,  attract,  decoy. 

See,  to  —  behold,  eye,  look,  observe, 
perceive,  view. 

Seek,  to— examine,  explore,  search. 

Senile— aged,  old,  infirm. 

Sensation— perception,  sentiment. 

Sense  —  feeling,  judgment,  import, 
meaning,  reason.  [eeptibility. 

Sensibility — delicacy,    feeling,    sus- 

Sensitive— sensible,  susceptible. 

Sentence— decision,  judgment,  pe- 
riud,  phrase,  proposition. 

Sentiment — feeling,  notion,  opinion, 
sensation. 

Sentimental — romantic. 

Separate— disjoined,  distinct,  part- 
ed, unconnected. 

Separate,  to — detach,  disengage,  dis- 
join, divide,  disunite,  sunder,  part. 

Servile — fawning,  mean,  slavish. 

Settle,  to — adjust,  arrange,  deter- 
mine, establish,  regulate,  fix. 

Settled— conclusive,  confirmed,  de- 
cisive, definitive,  established. 

Sever,  to  —  detach,  disjoin,  divide, 
separate. 

Several — different,  distinct,  diverse, 
sundry,  various. 

Severe— austere,  cruel,  harsh,  rigid, 
rigorous,  rough,  sharp,  strict,  un- 
yielding, stem. 

Shake,  to  —  agitate,  quake,  quiver, 
shiver,  shudder,  totter,  tremble. 

Shame— disgrace,  dishonor,  ignominy. 

Shameless  —  immodest,  impudent, 
indecent,  indelicate. 

Shape,  to — fashion,  form,  mould. 

Share,  to — apportion,  distribute,  di- 
vide, partake,  participate. 

Sharpness  —  acrimony,  acuteness, 
penetration,  shrewdness,  sagacity. 

Shelter— asylum,  refuge,  retreat. 

Shelter,  to — cover,  defend,  harbor, 
lodge,  protect,  screen. 

Shine,  to — coruscate,  gleam,  glare, 
glisten,  glitter,  sparkle. 

Shining— brilliant,  bright,  glistening, 
glittering,  radiant,  splendid,  re- 
splendent, sparkling. 

Shook,  to -affright,  appall,  disgust, 
dismay,  disturb,  offend,  terrify. 


Shocking — dreadful,  disgusting,  te*i 

rible. 

Short — brittle,  brief,  compendious, 
concise,  defective,  laconic,  scanty, 
succinct,  summary,  wanting. 

Shorten,  to — abridge,  contract,  cur- 
tail, reduce. 

Show— display,  exhibition,  parade, 
pomp,  representation,  sight,  specta- 
cle. 

Showy  —  fine,  gay,  gaudy,  grand, 
magnificent,  ostentatious,  sumptu- 
ous. 

Shrewd — acute,  keen,  penetrating. 

Shun,  to — avoid,  elude,  eschew,  evade. 

Sickly — diseased,  ill,  indisposed,  moT- 
bid,  sick,  unwell. 

Sign— mark,  note,  omen,  prognostic, 
presage,  signal,  symbol,  symptom, 
token. 

Signify,  to — denote,  imply. 

Signify,  to — betoken,  declare,  express, 
intimate,  testify,  utter. 

Significant — expressive,  important. 

Silence — stillness,  taciturnity. 

Silent — dumb,  mute,  speechless. 

Silly — absurd,  dull,  foolish,  simple, 
stupid,  weak. 

Similarity — likeness,  resemblance, 
similitude. 

Simile — comparison,  similitude. 

Simple — artless,  foolish,  plain,  single, 
silly,  stupid,  weak. 

Simply — merely,  only,  solely. 

Simplicity — artlessness,  plainness. 

Since— as,  because,  for,  inasmuch,  as. 

Sincere — frank,  honest,  plain,  true, 
incorrupt,  upright.  [sole. 

Single — only,    particular,    singular, 

Singular  —  eccentric,  odd,  particu- 
lar, rare,  scarce,  strange. 

Situation— case,  condition,  locality, 
place,  plight,  predicament,  position, 
site. 

Skilful— accomplished,  adroit,  ex- 
pert, clever,  dexterous. 

Slander,  to— asperse,  calumniate,  de- 
fame, detract,  vilify. 

Slavery— bondage,  "captivity,  servi- 
tude. 

Slender— fragile,  slight,  slim,  thin. 

Slight — cursory,  desultory,  neglect, 
scorn,  slim,  superficial,  weak. 

Slow— dilatory,  dull,  tardy,  tedious. 

Small — diminutive,  little,  infinitesi- 
mal, minute. 

Smell  —  fragrance,  odor,  perfume, 
scent. 

Smooth  —  bland,  easy,  even,  level, 
mild. 

Smother,  to— stifle,  suffocate,  sup- 
press. [isR. 

Snarling— cynical,   snappish,  -wasp- 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


197 


Sober — abstemious,  abstinent,  tem- 
perate, grave,  moderate. 

Social  —  companionable,  convivial, 
conversable,  familiar,  sociable. 

Society  —  association,  community, 
company,  fellowship. 

Soft  —  compliant,  docile,  ductile, 
flexible,  mild,  pliant,  tractable, 
yielding. 

Solicit,  to — ask,  beg,  beseech,  en- 
treat, implore,  request,  supplicate. 

Solicitation  —  importunity,   invita- 

'  tion. 

Solicitude— anxiety,  care. 

Solid— firm,  hard,  stable,  substan- 
tial. 

Solitary  —  alone,  desolate,  desert, 
lonely,  only,  retired,  remote,  sole. 

Soothe,  to — appease,  calm,  assuage, 
compose,  tranquillize,  pacify. 

Sobbow — affliction,  grief. 

Sobt — kind,  species. 

Sound— hearty,  healthy,  sane,  tone. 

Sous  —  acid,  acrimonious,  acetose, 
acetous,  sharp,  tart. 

Soubce— cause,  fountain,  origin,  rea- 
son, spring. 

Spacious— ample,  capacious. 

Spabkle,  to — coruscate,  glare,  glitter, 
radiate,  shine. 

Speak,  to — articulate,  converse,  dis- 
course, pronounce,  say,  talk,  tell, 
utter. 

Species — class,  kind,  sort. 

Specific— particular,  special. 

Specimen — model,  patern,  sample. 

Specious — colorable,  fair,  feasible,  os- 
tensible, plausible. 

Spectatob— beholder,  looker  on,  ob- 
server. 

Speculation  —  conjecture,  scheme, 
theory. 

Speech  —address,  harangue,  oration. 

Speechless— dumb,  mute,  silent. 

Spend,  to — dissipate,  exhaust,  lay  out, 
expend,  squander. 

Sphebe— circle,  globe,  orb. 

Spill,  to— pour,  shed,  waste. 

Spirit— ardor,  breath,  courage,  ghost, 
soul,  temper. 

Spirited — active,  animated,  ardent, 
lively,  vivacious. 

Spirits— animation,  courage,  life,  vi- 
vacity. 

Splbitual — ecclesiastical,  immaterial, 
incorporeal,  unearthly. 

Spite  —  grudge,  malice,  malignity, 
malevolence,  pique,  rancor. 

Splendid  —  grand,  magnificent,  su- 
perb, sublime. 

Bplendob  —  brightness,  brilliancy, 
luster,  magnificence,  pageantry, 
pomp. 


Splenetic— fretful,  gloomy,  morose, 
sullen,  peevish. 

Sport— amusement,  diversion,  game, 
pastime,  play,  recreation. 

Spotless — blameless,  faultless,  inno- 
cent, stainless,  unblemished,  un- 
spotted. 

Spread,  to  —  circulate,  disseminate, 
diffuse,  disperse,  distribute,  dis- 
pense, expand,  propagate,  scatter. 

Spring,  to — arise,  emanate,  proceed, 
flow,  leap,  issue,  start. 

Sprinkle,  to  —  bedew,  besprinkle, 
scatter.  [forth. 

Sprout,  to  — bud,    germinate,    shoot 

Stability — firmness,  steadiness,  fix- 
edness. 

Stain — blemish,  blot,  flaw,  speck,spot. 

Stain,  to— blot,  foul,  soil,  spot,  sully, 
tarnish. 

Stain,  to— color,  discolor,  dye,  tinge. 

Stamper,  to— falter,  hesitate,  stutter. 

Stamp— impression,  mark,  print. 

Standard — criterion,  rule,  test. 

State  —  condition,  position,  plight, 
predicament,  situation.  [ation. 

Station — post,  place,   position,  situ- 

St ay— prop,  staff,  support. 

Stay,  to— abide,  continue,  delay,  hin- 
der, remain,  stop,  support. 

Sterility  —  aridity,  unfruitfulnesSj 
barrenness. 

Stebn— austere,  rigid,  rigorous,  se- 
vere, strict. 

Sticking-  (to)— adherent,  adhesive,  te- 
nacious. 

Still,  to  — allay,  appease,  assuage, 
calm,  lull,  pacify,  quiet,  silence. 

Stimulate,  to — animate,  encourage, 
excite,  impel,  incite,  instigate,  urge. 

Stock—  accumulation,  cattle,  fund, 
board,  provision,  store,  supply. 

Stoop,  to— bend,   condescend,  submit. 

Stop — cessation,  intermission,  rest. 

Stop,  to — check,  hinder,  impede. 

Stoby— anecdote,  incident,  memoir, 
tale. 

Straight — direct. 

Strange  —  curious,  eccentric,  odd, 
singular,  surprising. 

Stratagem — artifice,  deception,  delu- 
sion, imposture,  finesse,  fraud,  trick. 

Strength— authority,  force,  might, 
power,  potency. 

Strict — accurate,  exact,  nice,  partic- 
ular, precise,  rigorous,  severe,  stern. 

Stricture — animadversion,  censure, 
contraction,  criticism. 

Strife— contention,  contest,  dissen. 
sion,  discord. 

Strong — cogent,  firm,  hardy,  muscu- 
lar,  powerful,  robust,  stout,  vigc* 
ous. 


198 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Style— manner,  mode,  phraseology, 
diction. 

Style,  to  —  characterize,  designate, 
denominate,  entitle,  name. 

Subdue,  to— conquer,  overcome,  sub- 
jugate, subject,  surmount,  van- 
quish. 

Subject — exposed,  liable,  matter,  ma- 
terials, object,  obnoxious,  subservi- 
ent. 

Subject,  to — subdue,  subjugate. 

Subjoin,  to — add  to,  affix,  attach, 
connect. 

Sublime—  elevated,  exalted,  grand, 
great,  lofty. 

Submissive  —  compliant,  obedient, 
humble,  yielding. 

Subordinate— interior,  subservient, 
subject. 

Subobn,  to — forswear,  perjure. 

Subsequent— consequent,  posterior, 
following. 

Subservient— inferior,  subject,  sub- 
ordinate. 

Subside,  to— abate,  intermit,  sink. 

Subsistence  —  living,  maintenance, 
livelihood,  support,  sustenance. 

Substantial  —  responsible,  strong, 
stout,  solid. 

Substitute,  to— change,  exchange. 

Subterfuge — evasion,  quirk,  shift, 
trick. 

Subtle — artful,  cunning,  crafty,  de- 
ceitful, insidious,  perfidious,  sly, 
wily. 

Subtract,  to— deduct,  withdraw. 

Subvert,  to  —  invert,  overturn,  re- 
verse, overthrow. 

Successful— fortunate,  lucky,  pros- 
perous. 

Succession — order,  series. 

Succinct — brief,  compendious,  con- 
cise, laconic,  short,  summary. 

Succor,  to— aid,  assist,  relieve,  help. 

Sudden — hasty,  unanticipated,  unex- 
pected, unlooked  for. 

Suffer,  to— allow,  bear,  endure,  per- 
mit, tolerate. 

Suffocate,  to— choke,  smother,  stifle. 

Sufficient  —  adequate,  competent, 
enough. 

Suffrage— aid,  voice,  vote. 

Suggest,  to — allude,  hint,  intimate, 
insinuate. 

Suitable— agreeable,  apt,  becoming, 
expedient,  fit. 

Suitor— lover,  petitioner,  wooer. 

Summary— brief,  compendious,  lacon- 
ic, short,  succinct. 

Summon,  to  —bid,  call,  cite,  invite. 

Sundry— different,  diverse,  several, 
various. 

Superficial— flimsy,  slight,  shallow. 


Supersede,  to— displace,  overrule, 

Supplicate,  to — ask,  beg,  beseech,  en- 
treat, implore,  solicit. 

Support,  to — assist,  cherish,  defend, 
endure,  encourage,  favor,  forward, 
maintain,  nurture,  patronize,  pro- 
tect, prop,  sustain,  stay,  second,  up- 
hold. 

Sure— certain,  confident,  infallible. 

Surface— outside,  superficies. 

Surmise,  to— believe,  conjecture,  pre- 
sume, suppose,  suspect,  think. 

Surmount,  to  —  conquer,  overcome, 
rise  above,  subdue,  vanquish. 

Surpass,  to  —  excel,  exceed,  outdo, 
outstrip. 

Surprise— admiration,  amazement, 
astonishment,  wonder. 

Surrender,  to— cede,  deliver,  give  up, 
resign,  yield. 

Surround,  to— beset,  encircle,  encom- 
pass, environ,  enclose,  invest. 

Survey  —  prospect,  retrospect,  re- 
view. 

Suspense  —  doubt,  ^determination, 
hesitation. 

Suspicion— distrust,  jealousy. 

Sustain,  to — bear  up,  maintain,  up- 
hold, support. 

Sustenance  —  living,  maintenance, 
livelihood,  subsistence,  support. 

Swiftness — celerity,  rapidity,  fleet- 
ness,  quickness,  speed,  velocity. 

Symbol— emblem,  figure,  metaphor, 
type. 

Symmetry— harmony,  proportion. 

Sympathy — agreement,  compassion, 
commiseration,  condolence,  fellow- 
feeling,  pity. 

Symptom  —  indication,  mark,  note, 
sign,  token. 

System — method,  order,  scheme. 

Talent— ability,  capability,  faculty, 
endowment,  gift. 

Talk— chat,  communication,  confer- 
ence, colloquy,  conversation,  dia- 
logue, discourse. 

Talk,  to  —  chat,  converse,  discourse, 
mention,  speak,  state,  tell. 

Talkativeness— loquacity,  garrulity. 

Tantalize,  to  —  aggravate,  irritate, 
provoke,  taunt,  tease,  torment. 

Taste  —  discernment,  flavor,  judg- 
ment, perception,  relish,  savor. 

Tax— assessment,  contribution,  cus- 
tom, duty,  rate,  tribute,  toll. 

Tedious  —  dilatory,  slow,  tiresome, 
tardy,  wearisome. 

Tell,  to  —  acquaint,  communicate, 
disclose,  impart,  inform,  mention, 
make  known,  report,  reveal,  talk, 
state.  [cy,  rashness. 

Temjebitx— heedlessness,  precipitan- 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


in 


Temper— disposition,  frame,  humor, 
mood,  temperament. 

Temperate  —  abstinent,  abstemious, 
moderate,  sober. 

Temporal  —  secular,  worldly,  sub- 
lunary. 

Temporary  —  fleeting,  transitory, 
transient. 

Tempt,  to— allure,  attract,  decoy,  en- 
tice, seduce. 

Tendency  —  aim,  drift,  inclination, 
propensity,  proneness,  scope. 

Tender,  to— bid,  offer,  propose. 

Tenderness  —  affection,  benignity, 
fondness,  humanity. 

Tenet — doctrine,  dogma,  opinion,  po- 
sition, principle. 

Term  —  boundary,  condition,  limit, 
expression,  stipulation,  word. 

Terms  —  expressions,  words,  lan- 
guage. 

Terminate,  to — complete,  finish,  end, 
close. 

Terrible — dreadful,  fearful,  terrific, 
frightful,  horrible,  shocking. 

Territory — country,  domain,  land. 

Terror — alarm,  apprehension,  con- 
sternation, dread,  fear,  fright. 

Terse— smooth,  neat. 

Test — criterion,  experiment,  trial,  ex- 
perience, proof,  standard. 

Testify,  to—declare,  prove,  signify, 
witness. 

Testimony— evidence,  proof. 

Thankful— grateful. 

That — which. 

Theory — speculation. 

Therefore — accordingly,  hence,  so, 
consequently,  then,  thence,  where- 
fore. 

Think,  to — cogitate,  conceive,  con- 
sider, contemplate,  deliberate,  im- 
agine, meditate,  opine,  ponder,  sur- 
mise. 

Though— although,  while. 

Thought  —  cogitation,  conception, 
conceit,  contemplation,  deliberation, 
fancy  ,idea,  imagination,  meditation, 
notion,  reflection,  supposition. 

Thoughtful  —  anxious,  attentive, 
careful,  circumspoct,  considerate, 
contemplative,  deliberate,  discreet, 
reflective,  solicitous,  wary. 

Thoughtelss — careless,  gay,  incon- 
siderate, foolish,  hasty,  indiscreet, 
unreflective. 

Through— by,  with. 

Throw,  to — cast,  fling,  hurl,  toss. 

Time—  age,  date,  duration,  epoch,  era, 
period,  season. 

Timely — opportune,  seasonably. 

Tired  —  fatigued,  harassed,  jaded, 
wwiried. 


Tiresome  —tedious,  wearisome. 

Title — appellation,  claim,  denomina- 
tion, name. 

Token— indication,  mark,  note,  sign, 
symptom.  [permit. 

Tolerate,   to— admit,    allow,    suffer, 

Too— also,  besides,  likewise. 

Tortuous  —  tormenting,  twisted, 
winding. 

Total — complete,  entire,  whole,  gross. 

Touch — contact,  proof,  test. 

Touching  —  affecting,  moving,  pa- 
thetic. 

Tour  —  circuit,  excursion,  ramble, 
jaunt,  round,  trip. 

Trace — mark,  track,  vestige. 

Trace,  to — deduce,  derive. 

Trade— avocation,  business,  calling, 
dealing,  employment,  occupation, 
traffic. 

Traduce,  to  —  calumniate,  censure, 
condemn,  decry,  degrade,  depreci- 
ate, detract,  disparage. 

Tranquillity — calm,  peace,  quiet. 

Transact,  to  —  conduct,  negotiate, 
manage. 

Transcend,  to — excel,  exceed,  sur- 
pass, outdo. 

Transparent— clear,  pellucid,  pervi- 
ous, translucent,  transpicuous. 

Transient— fleeting,  short. 

Transport — ecstasy,  rapture. 

Treacherous  —  faithless,  perfidious, 
insidious. 

Treasonable  —  traitorous,  treacher- 
ous. 

Treat,  to — entertain,  negotiate. 

Trepidation  —  agitation,  emotion, 
tremor,  trembling. 

Trespass  —  offence,  misdemeanor, 
transgression. 

Trial— attempt,  effort,  endeavor,  ex- 
periment, proof,  temptation,  test. 

Trick  —  artifice,  cheat,  deceptioa, 
fraud,  finesse,  imposture,  sleight, 
stratagem. 

Trifling — futile,  frivolous,  inconsid- 
erable, light,  petty,  unimportant. 

Trip— excursion,  jaunt,  tour,  ramble. 

Trouble — adversity,  affliction,  anx- 
iety, distress,  sorrow,  vexation. 

Troublesome— annoying,  disturbing, 
harassing,  importunate,  irksome, 
perplexing,  teasing. 

True — honest,  plain,  upright,  sincere. 

Trust  —  belief,  credit,  confidence, 
faith,  hope. 

Truth— faithfulness,  fidelity,  hone* 
ty,  veracity. 

Try,  to— attempt,  endeavor,  essay. 

Tug,  to — hale,  haul,  pluck,  pull. 

Tumble,  to— drop,  rail,  rumple,  sink, 
turn  over. 


200 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Tttbbulent— mutinous,  riotous,  sedi- 
tious, tumultuous. 

Turmoil — commotion,  trouble. 

Turn — bent,  cast,  gyration,  meander. 

Turn,  to  —  bend,  circulate,  contort, 
distort,  gyrate,  revolve,  twist,  wind, 
wheel,  whirl. 

Type— emblem,  figure,  mark,  symbol. 

Ultimate — final,  last,  latest. 

Umpire — arbiter,  arbitrator,  judge. 

Unbelief — disbelief,  incredulity,  in- 
fidelity, skepticism. 

Unblemished— blameless,  faultless, 
irreproaohable,  spotless. 

Unbounded— boundless,  illimitable, 
infinite,  interminable,  unlimited. 

Unceasingly  —  always,  constantly, 
continually,  ever,  perpetually. 

Uncertain— doubtful,  precarious,  du- 
bious, equivocal. 

Unchangeable  —  immutable,  unal- 
terable. 

Uncommon— choice,  unfrequent,  rare, 
scarce,  singular,  unique. 

Unconcerned— indifferent,  uninter- 
ested, regardless. 

Uncover,  to— denude,  discover,  ex- 
pose, reveal,  strip. 

Undaunted— bold,  intrepid,  fearless. 

Undeniable  —  incontrovertible,  in- 
disputable, irrefragable,  unques- 
tionable. 

Under  —  below,  beneath,  inferior, 
lower,  subjacent,  subject. 

Understanding — comprehension,  ap- 
prehension, conception,  sense,  fac- 
ulty, intellect,  intelligence,  reason, 
preception. 

Undetermined— doubtful,  fluctuat- 
ing, hesitating,  irresolute,  unsteady, 
vacillating,  wavering. 

Unfaithful  —  dishonest,  disloyal, 
faithless,  perfidious,  treacherous. 

Unfold,  to — develop,  display,  open, 
divulge,  expand,  reveal,  unravel. 

Unhandy  —  awkward,  clumsy,  un- 
couth. 

Unhappy — afflicted,  calamitous,  dis- 
tressed, miserable,  unfortunate, 
wretched. 

Uniform — alike,  equal,  equable,  even. 

Unimportant  —  inconsiderable,  im- 
material, insignificant,  trifling,  pet- 
ty, trivial. 

Unison— accordance,  agreement,  con- 
cord, harmony,  melody. 

Unlearned— ignorant,  illiterate,  un- 
informed, unlettered.  [tinct. 

Unlike  —  different,    dissimilar,   dis- 

Unlimited— boundless,  illimitable, 
infinite,  unbounded. 

Unmerciful  —  callous,  cruel,  hard- 
hearted, merciless,  severe. 


Unqustionable^  irrefragable,  incon- 
trovertible, indubitable,  indisputa- 
ble, undeniable. 

Unravel,  to — develop,  disentangle, 
extricate,  unfold. 

Unrelenting — cruel,  hard-hearted, 
implacable,  inexorable,  relentless. 

Unruly— refractory,  ungovernable. 

Unseasonable— ill-timed,  late,  unfit, 
untimely. 

Unsettled— undetermined,  vacilla- 
tory,  unsteady,  wavering. 

Unspeakable — ineffable,  inexpressi- 
ble, unutterable. 

Unstable— changeable,  inconstant, 
mutable,  wavering. 

Untimely— inopportune,  premature, 
unseasonable. 

Unwilling— averse,  backward,  dis- 
inclined, loth,  reluctant. 

Upbraid,  to — blame,  censure,  con- 
demn, reproach. 

Uproar — bustle,  confusion,  disturb- 
ance, tumult. 

Urbanity — affability,  civility,  com- 
plaisance, courtesy,  suavity. 

Urge,  to — animate,  encourage,  impel, 
importune,  incite,  instigate,  stimu- 
late. 

Urgent— earnest,  pressing,  importu- 
nate. 

Usage  —  custom,  fashion,  prescrip-. 
tion,  treatment. 

Use— advantage,  custom,  habit,  prac- 
tice, service,  utility,  usage. 

Use,  to — employ. 

Usually  —  commonly,  customarily, 
generally. 

Useless— fruitless,  ineffectual,  vain. 

Utility — advantages,  benefit,  con- 
venience, service,  use,  usefulness. 

Utterly  —  completely,  fully,  per- 
fectly. 

Vacant — empty,  devoid,  idle,  void. 

Vague — indefinite,  unsettled,  loose. 

Vain  —  conceited,  fruitless,  ineffec- 
tual, idle,  useless. 

Valediction  —  taking  leave,  fare- 
well. 

Valuable — costly,  precious,  worthy, 
estimable. 

Value — account,  appreciation,  esti- 
mation, price,  rate,  worth, 

Value,  to  —  appraise,  assess,  calcu- 
late, appreciate,  compute,  esteem, 
estimate,  regard,  respect. 

Vanity  —  arrogance,  conceit,  pride, 
haughtiness. 

Vanquish,  to — conquer,  confute,  de- 
feat, overcome,  subdue,  subjugate. 

Variable  —  changeable,  capricious, 
fickle,  unsteady,  versatile,  wavering. 

Vabiance— discord,  strife,  discussion. 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


201 


Variation— change,  deviation,  muta- 
tion, variety,  vicissitude. 

Variety —change,  difference,  diver- 
sity, medley. 

V Anions— different,  diverse,  several, 
sundry. 

Vaunting— boasting,  ostentation,  pa- 
rade, vainglory. 

Vehement— ardent,  eager,  firm,  hot, 
impetuous,  passionate,  violent. 

Velocity— celerity,  fleetness,  quick- 
ness, rapidity,  speed,  swiftness. 

Venerate,  to — adore,  reverence,  re- 
spect. 

Veracity— integrity,  truth. 

Verbal — oral,  vocal. 

Vesti&e— mark,  trace,  track. 

Vexation  —  chagrin,  mortification, 
sorrow,  trouble,  uneasiness. 

Vicinity  —  nearness,  neighborhood, 
vincinage. 

Vicissitude — change,  variation. 

View— landscape,  prospect. 

View,  to— behold,  eye,  look,  see,  sur- 
vey. 

Vigorous  —  active,  agile,  energetic, 
forcible,  potent,  powerful,  strong. 

Vindicate,  to— clear,  defend,  protect. 

Violent— boisterous,  furious,  impet- 
uous, turbulent,  vehement. 

Virtue— chastity,  efficacy,  goodness. 

Visible  —  apparent,  clear,  distinct, 
discernible,  evident,  manifest,  plain, 
obvious. 

Visionary  —  enthusiast,  fantastical, 
fanatic,  imaginary. 

Vitiate,  to — contaminate,  pollute,  de- 
file, infect,  sophisticate,  taint. 

Vivid — active,  bright,  clear,  lively, 
lucid,  quick,  sprightly,  striking. 

Volatility  —  flightiness,  giddiness, 
levity,  Lightness,  liveliness. 

Voluptuary — epicure,  sensualist. 

Vouch,  to— affirm,  attest,  asseverate, 
assure,  aver,  protest,  warrant. 

Vulgar — common,  low,  mean,  ordin- 
ary, popular. 

Wages— allowance,  hire,  salary,  pay. 

Wakeful — observant,  watchful,  vig- 
ilant. 

Walk — carriage,  gait. 

Walk,  to— perambulate. 

Wander,  to— ramble,  range,  roam, 
rove,  stroll. 

Want — indigence,  lack,  penury,  pov- 
erty, need,  necessity. 

Ware— commodity,  goods,  merchan- 
dise. 

Wariness — care,  caution,  circumspec- 
tion, forethought,  prudence. 

Warlike— martial,  military,  soldier- 
like. 

Warmth— ardor,   cordiality,   fervor, 


fervency,   glow,   heat,    vehAnence, 
zeal. 
Warning— admonition,  caution,  no« 

tice. 
Wary"—  cautious,    guarded,    circum* 

spect,  watchful. 
Waste,  to— consume,    dissipate,    de« 
stroy,  expend,  lavish,  spend,  squan- 
der. 
Wasteful  —  extravagant,     lavish, 
prodigal,  profuse. 

Watchful  —  attentive,  observant, 
cautious,  circumspect,  wakeful,  vig- 
ilant. 

Waver,  to— fluctuate,  hesitate,  scru- 
ple, vacillate. 

Way — course,  fashion,  means,  man- 
ner, method,  mode,  road,  route, 
system. 

Weak— debilitated,  feeble,  enfeebled, 
enervated,  infirm. 

Wealth  --affluence,  riches,  opulence. 

Weakness— debility,  failing,  foible, 
feebleness,  folly,  frailty,  imbecility, 
impotence,  infirmity,  languor,  silli- 
ness, stupidity. 

Weariness— fatigue,  tediousness,  las- 
situde. 

Weary,  to — annoy,  fatigue,  harass, 
jade,  subdue,  tire,  vex. 

Wedding— marriage,  nuptials. 

Wedlock  —  marriage,  state,  matri- 
mony. 

Weight— burden,  heaviness,  gravity, 
importance,  load,  signification. 

Welcome  —  acceptable,  agreeable, 
grateful. 

Wherefore  —  accordingly,  conse- 
quently, hence,  so,  then,  thence, 
therefore. 

Whimsical  —  capricious,  fantastical, 
fanciful. 

Whiten,  to— blanch,  bleach. 

Whole — all,  complete,  entire,  per- 
fect, total,  undivided,  uninjured. 

Wicked  —  atrocious,  criminal,  de- 
praved, flagrant,  flagitious,  guilty, 
heinous,  impious,  nefarious,  sinful, 
unjust,  villainous. 

Willingly  —  spontaneously,  volun- 
tarily, [sly. 

Wily— artful,  crafty,  cunning,  subtle, 

Wisdom  —  knowledge,  prudence,  sa- 
pience, understanding, 

Wit — burlesque,  contrivance,  humor, 
irony,  ingenuity,  stratagem. 

With— by,  through. 

Withdraw,  to— go  back,  recede,  re- 
tire, retreat,  retrograde,  take  back. 

Withhold,  to— forbear,  hinder,  let, 
keep  back,  refrain,  restrain,  refuse. 

Withstand,  to— oppose,  thwart,  re* 
eist. 


202 


DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS. 


Witness— deponent,  evidence,  testi- 
mony. 

Wonder  —  admiration,  amazement, 
astonishment,  marvel,  miracle,  pro- 
digy, surprise. 

Wonderful, — adnurable,astonishing, 
curious,  marvellous,  strange,  sur- 
prising. 

Word  —  expression,  promise,    term. 

Worship,  to— adore,  honor,  revere. 

Worth  —  desert,  excellence,  merit, 
tiriee,  rate,  value.  [timable. 

Woethy— deserving,  meritorious,  es- 

tfjtoXCHED— miserable,  unhappy. 


Writer — author,  penman,  scribe. 

Yearly — annually. 

Yet— but,  however,  nevertheless,  noU 
withstanding,  still. 

Yield,  to— allow,  cede,  communicate, 
comply,  conform,  concede,  give,  pro- 
duce, permit,  resign,  surrender. 

Youth— adolescence,  juvenility,  pu« 
erility.  [fervor. 

Zeal  —  ardor,    enthusiasm,  warmth, 

Zealous — ardent,  anxious,  earnest, 
enthusiastic,  fervent,  solicitous, 
warm. 

Zest— appetite,  gusto,  relish. 


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PettengilTs  Perfect  Fortnne-Teller  and  Dream-Book;  or, 

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Motker  Shipton's  Fortnne-Teller;  or,  Fntnre  Fate  Fore- 
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Mother  Shipton's  Oriental   Dream-Book.    Being  a  reliable 

interpretation  of  Dreams.  Visions,  Apparitions,  etc.  Together  with  a  His 
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Aristotle's  Book  of  Fate  and  Dictionary  of  Dreams.  Con- 
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j  To  which  is  added    critfeal  and    practical  Observations    on    Orthographj 

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Book    of  Household  Pets.      Containing  valuable  instructions 

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The  Life,  Crime  and  Capture  of  John  Wilkes  Booth.  With 

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The  Hindoo  Fortune-Teller  and  Oracle  of  Destiny.    Con, 

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,  Dreams.  A  Comprehensive  Encyclopedia  explaining  all  the  different 
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Dick's  Recitations  and  Readings.    Carefully  compiled  Series 
of  Volumes,  uniform  in  size  and  style,  which  -will  include  everything  that 
is  fresh  and  popular,  introducing,  also,  the  older  Gems  of  the  English 
Language  that  are  always  in  demand;   embracing 
CHABACTEK  SKETCHES,  DIALECT  PIECES, 

HUMOROUS,  SENTIMENTAL, 

PATHETIC,  PATRIOTIC, 

ELOQUENT,  AND  SERIOUS 

Recitations  and  Readings  in  Poetry  and  Prose,  excluding  every  thing 
that  is  not  eminently  appropriate,  either  for  Declamation    or   Public 
Reading. 
Sixteen  Numbers  of  the  above  Series  are  now  ready. 

Each  Number  is  complete  in  itself  (nothing  is  repeated)  and  contains 
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Graham's  School  Dialogues  for  Young  People.    A  new  and 

original  collection  of  Dialogues  intended  for  Anniversaries  and  Exhibi- 
tions. By  George  C.  Graham.  These  dialogues  have  been  written  ex- 
pressly to  give  advanced  scholars  an  opportunity  for  displaying  their 
dramatic  powers  and  ingenuity ;  they  are  exceedingly  amusing,  and  full 
of  ludicrous  and  telling  stage-situations. 


Contents. 


Contents. 


The  Empty  House 

Tu  ruing  the  Tables 

A  Doctor  by  Proxy , 

Strategy 

The  Picnic  Party 

An  Aspirant  for  Fame. . . 

The  New  Boy 

Which  was  the  Hero  ?.. . . 
Astonishing  the  Natives 

The  Critics 

The  Expected  Visitor 


A  Nightmare  of  India. . . . 

An  Indian  Raid 

Going!  Going!  Gone!... 

The  Book -Peddler 

The  Burglar- Alarm 

Missed  His  Chance 

The  Girl  of  the  Period. . . 
The  Photograph  Gallery. 

The  Elocution  Class 

Love  and  Stratagem 

Extremes  Meet 


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morous, Dramatic  and  Dialect  Selections,  edited  and  arranged  for  public 
reading  or  recitation,  by  Alfred  P.  Burbank.  Containing  many  choice 
selections  never  before  in  print,  as  well  as  some  old  favorites. 

i    16mo,  150  pp,    Price 25  cts. 

0g$en's  Model  Speeches  for  all  School  Occasions.  Contain- 
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Life;  comprising  Set  Speeches  on  opening  and  dedicating  new  Schools 
and  Academies,  all  kinds  of  School  Ceremonials,  Salutatory  and  Valedic- 
tory Orations,  Presentations,  and  conferring  Honors;  Burlesque  Speeches, 
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The  French  Wine  and  Liquor  Manufacturer.    A  Practical 

Guide  and  Receipt  Book  for  the  Liquor  Merchant.  Being  a  clear  and 
comprehensive  Treatise  on  the  Manufacture  and  Imitation  of  Brandy, 
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provements for  Manufacturing  Vinegar  by  the  Qtiick  Method.  To  which 
is  added  a  collection  of  Descriptive  Articles  on  Alcohol,  Distillation,  Mac- 
eration and  the  use  of  the  Hydrometer ;  with  Tables,  Comparative  Scale, 
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of  Alcohol,  Etc.  Illustrated  with  descriptive  diagrams  and  engravings. 
Adapted  for  the  Use  and  Information  of  the  trade  in  the  United  States  and 
Canada.  By  John  Rack,  Practical  Wine  and  Liquor  Manufacturer. 
Bound  in    Cloth §>3. 0 0. 

Fleischman's  Art  of  Blending  and  Compounding  Liquors 

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Beer,  Ale,  Porter,  Beer,  Punches,  Tinctures,  Extracts,  Brandy, 
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Jerry  Thomas'   Bar-Tender's  Guide;  or,  How  to  Mix  all 

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Containing  clear  and  reliable  directions  for  mixing  aU  the  beverages  used 
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■~  *  «•■  ■' — ~~-  - 

Dick's  Comic  and  Dialect  Recitations.    A  capital  collection 

of  Comic  Recitations,  Ludicrous  Dialogues,  Funny  Stories,  and  Inimitable 
Dialect  Pieces,  containing : 


An  M-ithetic  Housekeeper 

At  the  Rug  Auction 

Annt  Sophronia  Tabor  at  the 

Opera— Yankee  Dialect 
Awfully  Lovely   Philosophy 
Bad  Boy  and  tlie  Limburger 

Cheese,  The 
Barbara  Frietehie— Dutch 
Boy  in  .he  Dime  Museum 
Bric-a-Brac 
Brudder  Johnson  on  'Lectri- 

city— Negro  Dialect 
Butterwick's  Weakness 
By  Soecial  Request 
Can  this  be  True? 
Champion  Liar,  The 
Conversion  of  Colonel  Quagg 
Cut.  Cut  Rehind— Dutch 
Debit  and  Credit  in  the  Next 

World 
Der  Oak  und  der  Vine 
Per  'Sperience  of  Reb'rend 

Quacko  strong— Negro 
Der  Vater  Mill 
Doctor's  Story, 
Dutch  Advertisement, 
Dutchman  and  the  Raven 
Dutch    Security— Dutch 
Earlv  Bird,  The 
Gentle  Mule,  The 
Granny  Whar  You  Gwine? 
Girl  of  Culture, 
Goin'    Somewhere— Yankee 


Go -Morrow,  or  Lot's  Wife 
Hard  Witness,  A 
Horse  that  Wins  the  Race 
How  a  Woman  Does  It 
How  Buck  was  Brought  to 

Time— Yankee  Dialect 
How  Uncle  Fin  had  the 

Laugh  on  the  Boys 
Humming  Top,  The 
In  der  Shweed  Long  Ago 
Inquisitive  Boy,  The 
Irishman's  Perplexity,  An 
Jim    Onderdonk's    Sunday- 
School  Oration 
John  Chinaman's  Protest 
Juvenile  Inquisitor,  A 
Malony's  Will-Irish  Dialect 
Mark  Twain  on  the  19th 

Century 
Mickey  Feeny  and  the  Priest 
Mine  Moder-in-Law 
Mother's  Doughnuts 
Mr.  and  Mrs  Potterman 
Mr.  Schmidt's  Mistake 
Mr.   Spoopendyke  Hears 

Burglars 
O'Branigan's  Drill 
Old  Bill  Stevens 
Old   Erasmus'   Temperance 

Pledge— Negro  Dialect 
Ole  Settlers'  Meetun 


Parson  Jinglejaw's  Surprise 
Pat's  Correspondence 
Pleasures  of  the  Telephone 
Positively  the  Last  Perfor- 
mance—Cockney Dialect 
Raven,  The— Dutch  Dialecfi 
Sad  Fate  of  a  Policeman 
Scripture  Questions 
Sermon  for  the  Sisters.  A 
Solemn  Book-Agent,  The 
That  Fire  at  Nolan's 
That  Freckle-Faced  Girl 
The  Latest  Barbara    Friet- 
ehie—Dutch  Dialect 
The  Paper  Don't  Say 
Thikiiead's  New  Year's  Call 
Tickled  all  Oafer 
'Twas  at  Manhattan  Beach 
Uncle  Billy's  Disaster 
Uncle  Mel'lick  Dines  with  his 

Master— Negro  Dialect 
Uncle  Remus'  Tar  Baby 
Uncle  Reuben's  Baptism 
United  Order  of  Half-Shells 
Waiter's  Trials,  A 
Warning  to  Woman.  A 
Ways  of  Girls  at  the  Play 
Western   Artist's   Accom- 
plishments, A 
Wily  Bee,  The 
Woman's   Description  of  a 

Play,  A 
Yaller  Dog,  The 


Original  Love  Story,  An 

Our  Debating  Club 

Bound  in  Boards * . ....". 30  CtS. 

Paper  Covers 50  cts. 

Barton's  Comic  Recitations  and  Humorons  Dialogues. 

Containing  a  variety  of  Comic  Recitations  in  Prose  and  Poetry,  Amusing 
Dialogues,  Burlesque  Scenes,  Eccentric  Orations,  Humorous  Interludes 
and  Laughable  Farces. 

How  thev  Pop  the  Question 

The  Clever  Idiot 

The  Knights 

How    the    Lawyer    got     a 
Patron  Saint 

Josh  Billings  on  Laughing 

Night  after  Christmas 

A  Change  of  System— for  2 
males  and  1  female 

Citizen  an  d  the  Thieves 

Bogg's  Dogs 

The  Smack  in  School 

The  Tinker  and  the  Miller's 
Daughter 

An  Original  Parody 

The  Parsons  and  the  Cork- 
screw 

The    Old    Gentleman    who 
Married   a  Young   Wife — 

Stage-StruckDarkey — Inter- 
lude for  males 


A  Prologue  to  Open  an  En 

tertainment 
The  St  age-Struck  Hero 
Here  She  Goes— and  There 

She  Goes 
Pastor  M'Knock's  Address 
Old  Sugar's  Courtship 
The  Bachelor's  Reasons  for 

Taking  a  Wife 
The  Spanish  Valet  and  the 

Maid— Dl  alogue  for  1  male 

and  1  Female. 
The  Jackdaw  of  Rhelms 
Jonathan  and  the  English- 
man 
Artemus    Ward's    Trip 
Auctioneer  and  the  Lawyer 
Mr  and  Mrs.  Skinner 
The  Bachelor  and  the  Bride 
Drunkard  and  his  Wife 
A   Western    Lawyer's    Plea 

against  the  Fact 
Reading  a  Tragedy 
Cast-off  Garments 
How  to  Cure  a  Cough 
The  Soldier's  Return 
Countrymen  and  the  Ass 
Come  and  Go 


Goody  Grim  versus  Lapstone 
— dialogue  for  4  males 


The  Woman  of  Mind 
Wanted,      a    Confederate- 
Farce  for  4  males 
Lodgings  for  Single  Gentle- 
men 

Paper  Covers.    Price 30  CtS« 

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Nursery  Reminiscences 

The  Farmer  and  the  Coun 
cellor 

The  Pugilists 

How  Pat  Saved  his  Bacon 

The  Irish  Drummer 

Mike  Hooter's  Bear  Story 

The  Critic 

Mr.  Caudle  Wants  a  Latch 
Key 

Humbugging  a  Tourist 

The  Widow's  Victim— for  2 
males  and  1  female 

Josh  Rillings  on  the  Mule 

Tinker  and'  the  Glazier 

Wonderful  Dream— Negro 
Dialogue  for  2  males 

An  Occasional  Address— For 
a  Lady's  First  Appearance 

An  Occasional  Prologue — 
For  Opening  a  Perfor- 
mance 

Address  on  Closing  a  Per- 
formance 

A  Prologue  for  a  Perfor- 
mance by  Boys 

An  Epilogue  for  a  School 
Performance 


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Tambo's  End-Men's  Minstrel  Gags.    Containing  some  of  tha 

best  jokes  and  repartees  of  the  most  celebrated  "  burnt  cork  "  performers 
of  our  day.  Tambo  and  Boues  in  all  sorts  and  manner  of  scrapes.  Also 
containing  a  rich  collection  of  Ballads,  humorous  and  pathetic;  Darkey- 
Dialogues,  Sketches,  Plantation  Scenes,  Eccentric  Doings,  Humorous 
Lectures,  Laughable  Interludes,  Huge  Africanisms,  Burlesque  Stump 
Speeches,  Mirth-provoking  Witticisms,  Conundrums,  Yarns,  Plantation 
Songs  and  Dances,  etc.,  etc.  In  short  a  complete  Hand-Book  of  Burnt 
Cork  Drollery,  which  will  be  found  alike  useful  to  the  professional  and 

amateur.    Everything  new  and  rich.     Paper  covers 30  cts. 

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Tony  Denier's  Parlor  Tableaux,  or  Living  Pictures.  Con- 
taining about  eighty  popular  subjects,  with  plain  and  explicit  directions 
for  arranging  the  stage,  dressing-room,  lights,  full  description  of  cos- 
tumes, duties  of  stage  manager,  properties  and  scenery  required,  and  all 
the  necessary  directions  for  getting  them  up.  Among  the  contents  there 
are  nine  tableaux  for  male  and  an  equal  number  for  female  characters 
only.  A  great  number  of  them  introduce  groups  of  boys,  and  many  more 
groups  of  girls  only ;  others  again  introducing  both  ;  and  still  more  in 
which  entire  classes  can  take  part.  Everything  is  stated  in  a  plain,  simple 
manner,  so  that  it  will  be  easily  understood ;  everything  like  style  or  un- 
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Tony  Denier's  Secret  of  Performing  Shadow  Pantomimes. 

Showing  how  to  get  them  up  and  how  to  act  in  them;  with  full  and  con- 
cise instructions  and  numerous  illustrations.  Also  full  and  complete 
descriptions  of  properties  and  costumes.    Price 25  Cts- 

Dick's  One  Hundred  Amusements  for  Evening  Parties, 

Picnics  and  Social  Gatherings.    This  book  is  full  of  Original  Novelties. 
It  contains : 
New  and  A  (tractive  Games,  clearly  iU  I  A  variety  of  new  and  ingenious  puzzles. 


lustrated  by  means  of  Witty  Ex- 
amples^ showing  how  each  may  be 
most  successfully  played. 

Surpassing  Tricks,easy  of  performance. 

Musical  and  other  innocent  sells. 


Comical  illusions,  fully  described. 
These  surprising  and  grotesque  illu- 
sions are  very  startling  in  their 
effects,  and  present  little  or  no  diffi- 
culty in  their  preparation. 
ALSO  AN  ENTIRELY  NEW  VERSION  OF  THE  CELEBRATED  "  MRS.  JARLEX's  WAX 
WORKS." 

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Dick's  Progressive  Poker.  This  Game  presents  decided  ad- 
vantages over  Euchre  for  "Progressive"  purposes.  It  is  far  more  inter- 
esting; distinctly  the  American  game,  and  is  played  for  prizes  in  the 
same  manner  as  Progressive  Euchre.    Paper  covers  25  CtS* 

Burton's  Amateur  Actor.  A  complete  guide  to  Private  Theat- 
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Stags;  with  rules  and  suggestions  for  mounting  rehearsing  and  per- 
forming all  kinds  of  Plays,  Parlor  Pantomimes  and  Shadow  Pantomimes. 
Illustrated  with  numerous  engravings,  and  including  a  selection  of 
original  Plays,  with  Prologues,  Epilogues,  etc. 

16  mo,  illuminated  paper  cover 30  ctg. 

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RECITATIONS  AND  DIALOGUES. 

Dick's  Series  of  Recitations  and  Readings.    Nos.  1  to  16 

Dick's  Dutch,  French  and  Yankee  Recitations. 

Dick's  Irish  Recitations. 

Dick's  Comic  and  Dialect  Recitations. 

Dick's  Diverting  Dialogues. 

Dick's  Dialogues  and  Monologues. 

Dick's  Comic  Dialogues. 

McBride's  Funny  Dialogues- 

McBride's  Comic  Dialogues. 

McBride's  All  Kinds  of  Dialogues. 

McBride's  New  Dialogues. 

McBride's  Humorous  Dialogues. 

McBride's  Temperance  Dialogues. 

McBride's  Comic  Speeches  and  Recitations. 

Frost's  Dialogues  for  Young  Folks. 

Frost's  Humorous  and  Exhibition  Dialogues. 

Frost's  New  Dialogues. 

Kavanaugh's  Comic  Pieces  for  Very  Little  Children. 

Kavanaugh's  Humorous  Dramas. 

Kavanaugh's  Juvenile  Speaker,  for  Very  Little  Children. 

Kavanaugh's  Exhibition  Reciter,  for  Very  Little  Children, 

Kavanaugh's  New  Speeches  and  Dialogues. 

Holmes'  Very  Little  Dialogues  for  Very  Little  Folks. 

Graham's  School  Dialogues  for  Young  People. 

Steele's  Exhibition  Dialogues. 

Martine's  Droll  Dialogues  and  Laughable  Recitations. 

Beecher's  Recitations  and  Readings. 

Howard's  Recitations ;  Comic,  Serious  ard  Pathetic. 

Wilson's  Recitations  for  School  Declamation. 

Spencer's  Comic  Speeches  and  Recitations. 

Barton's  Comic  Recitations  and  Dialogues. 

The  price  of  each  of  the  above  books  in  paper  covers  is  36 
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mail,  postage  paid,  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  the  price. 

Send  for  catalogue,  mailed  free,  giving  full  contents  of  each 
book,  and  the  number  and  sex  of  the  characters  required  fo* 
the  dialogues. 


THEATRICALS,  TABLEAUX,  ETC. 

Amateur  Theatricals  and  Fairy-Tale  Dramas.   Containing 

Original  Plays  for  the  Drawing-Room. 

Alice  in  Wonderland  and  other  Fairy  Plays.     Four  Ju- 

enile  Dramas,  with  Songs  and  Music,  complete. 

Barmby's  Plays  for  Young  People.     Original  Plays  with 

Songs,  Choruses  and  Music  for  Parlor  Performance. 

Howard's  Drawing-Room  Theatricals.    Containing  short 

Plays  in  One  Act  and  One  Scene,  for  the  Parlor. 

Hudson's  Private   Theatricals  for  Home  Performance. 

Short  Plays  Expressly  for  Amateur  Performance. 

Parlor  Theatricals;  or  Winter  Evenings'  Entertainment. 

Dramatic  Amusements  and  Comic  Plays,  Illustrated. 

Kavanaugh's  Humorous  Dramas.     Comedies  and  Farces 

appropriate  for  Parlor  Performance. 

Burton'.S   Amateur    Actor.      A  Complete  Guide  to  Private 
Theatricals,  with  Full  Directions  for  Rehearsing. 

Frost's  Tableaux  and  Shadow  Pantomimes.    A  Collection 

of  Tableaux,  and  Instructions  for  Shadow  Pantomimes. 

Frost's  Dramatic  Proverbs  and  Charades.     Expressly  for 

Dramatic  Performance,  and  Illustrated  by  Tableaux. 

Frost's  Parlor  Acting  Charades.     Arranged  as  Short  Come- 
dies and  Farces  adapted  for  Parlor  Performance. 

HVgent's  Burlesque  and  Musical  Acting  Charades.    Ar- 
ranged as  Comedies  and  Parlor  Operas  with  Music. 

Bru&der  Bones'  Stump  Speeches  and  Burlesque  Orations. 

Darkey  Dialogues,  Lectures  and  Plantation  Scenes. 

Dick's  Ethiopian  Scenes,  Variety  Sketches  and  Speeches. 

Negro  Farces,  Jokes,  Lectures,  Sermons  and  Gags. 

Tambo's  End-Men's  Minstrel  Gags.    Darkey  Oddities,  Ethi 

opian  Dialogues,  Plantation  Acts,  and  Minstrel  Jokes. 

Tick's   Parlor  Exhibitions.       Containing  Living    Statuary, 
Trick-Pantomimes,  and  many  other  Amusing  Parlor  Performances. 

Price  of  each,  30  cts.  5n  paper  covers,  or  50  cts.  in  boards, 
mailed  on  receipt  u?  prieo.   Send  for  descriptive  Catalogue  free. 

DICK  &    VITZG-ERALD,  Publishers, 

P,  O,  Box  291&  IS  ANTV  ST„  I«EW  YOBK, 


Popular  Books  sent  Free  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  annexed. 

Dick's  Letter  Writer  for  Ladies.  Consisting  of  over  Five 
Hundred  entirely  original  Letters  and  Notes,  with  various  replies,  on 
every  subject  and  occasion  that  a  Lady  in  good  society  could  possibly  re* 
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These  letters,  &c,  are  excellent  models  ©f  ease  and  elegant  style,  facility  in 
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ence which  their  social  position  demands. 
268  pages,  large  16  mo. .bound  in  Boards 50  cts. 

Andersen's  Checkers.  Complete  Instructions  and  Rales  for 
playing  Checkers  or  Draughts.  Illustrated  with  Diagrams,  including  all 
the  Standard  Games  and  their  Variations,  and  numerous  Problems  with 
their  Solutions.    By  Andrew  Anderson.    Eevised  Edition.    Cloth . . .  .1.50 

Pitman's  Mannal  of  Phonography.    A  Complete  System  of 

Phonetic  Shorthand.    This  is  a  New  Edition  of  the  original  work  by  Isaac 
Pitman,  the  founder  ®f  the  system  now  in  general  use.    Boards. .  .35  Cts. 

Pole  On  Whist.  The  Theory  of  the  Modern  Scientific  Game 
of  Whist.  By  William  Pole,  F.  R.  S.  This  complete  and  exhaustive 
Treatise  on  the  Game  is  in  handy  form  for  the  pocket,  and  affords 
lucid  instructions  at  all  stages  of  the  game  for  partners  to  play  in  com- 
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Dick's  Comic  Dialogues.    A  collection  of  Easy  and  Effective 

Dramatic  Dialogues  specially  adapted  for  performance  by  Young  Peo|4*, 

Eight  of  the  Dialogues  are  for  males  only,  requiring  from  two  to  six  char, 
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184  pages,  16  mo.,  paper  covers 30  cts. 

Bound  in  boards 50  ctg", 

Ogden's  Model  Speeches  for  all  School  Occasions.  Con- 
taining Original  Addresses  and  Orations  on  everything  appertaining  to 
School  Life ;  comprising  Set  Speeches  on  all  occasions  connected  with 
Schools,  Academies  and  Colleges,  for  School  Officers  as  well  as  for 
Teachers  and  Students  of  both  sexes,  with  appropriate  replies.  By 
Christol  Ogden . 

This  original  work  contains  over  eae-hundred   telling  speeches  and 
replies  for 


Speeches  on  Opening  and  Dedicating 

New  Schools  and  Academies. 
All  Kinds  of  School  Ceremonials . 
Salutatory  and  Valedictory  Addresses. 


Burlesque  Speeches. 
Addresses  to  Teachers. 
Prologues   and  Epilogues  for  School 
Exhibitions. 


Presentations  and  Conferring  Honors.    \   Anniversary  Congratulations. 

Including  practical  hints  on  Extempore  speaking,  with  a  dissertation  on 
the  selection  of  appropriate  topics,  suitable  style,  and  effective  delivery, 
and  also  valuable  advice  to  those  who  lack  confidence  when  addressing 

the  Public.    Paper  covers 50  cts. 

Bound  in  boards...., ,, 75  cts' 


Popular  Books  sent  Iree  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  annexed. 


Dick's  Original  Album  Verses  and  Acrostics. 

Containing  Original  Yerses 


For  Autograph  Albums; 
To  Accompany  Bouquets; 
For  Birthday  Anniversaries; 
For  Wooden,   Tin,  Crystal,  Silver  and 
Golden  Weddings; 


For  Album  Dedications; 
To  Accompany  Philepena  Forfeits; 
For  Congratulation; 
For    Valentines   in    General,    and   dH 
Trades  and  Professions. 


Xt  contains  also  Two  Hundred  and  Eighteen  Original  Acrostic  Verses,  the 
t  initial  letters  of  each  verse  forming  a  different  Lady's  Christian  name, 
!  the  meaning  and  derivation  of  the  name  being  appended  to  each.  The 
primary  object  of  this  book  is  to  furnish  entirely  fresh  and  unhaokneyed 
matter  for  all  who  may  be  called  upon  to  fill  and  adorn  a  page  in  a  Lady'a 
Album ;  but  it  contains  also  new  and  appropriate  verses  to  suit  Birthday, 
Wedding,  and  all  other  Anniversaries  and  Occasions  to  which  verses  of  Com' 
pliment  or  Congratulation  are  applicable.  Paper  covers.  Price.  .50  cts. 
Bound  in  full  cloth "     .  .75  cts. 

The    Debater,   Chairman's    Assistant,   and 

Rules  of  Order.  A  manual  for  Instruction  and  Keference  in 
all  matters  pertaining  to  the  Management  of  Public  Meetings 
according  to  Parliamentary  usages.     It  comprises : 


How  to  Form  and  Conduct  all  ki'rcds  of 
Associations  and  Clubs; 

How  to  Organize  and  Arrange  Public 
Meetings,  Celebrations,  Dinners,  Pic- 
nics and  Conventions; 

Forms  for  Constitutions  of  Lyceums  or 
Institutes,  Literary  and  other  Societies; 

Tlie  Powers  and  Duties  of  Officers,  with 
Forms  for  Treasurers' ,  Secretaries' , 
and  other  Official  Reports; 

The  Formation  and  Duties  of  Commit- 
tees; 


Rules  of  Order,  and  Order  of  Business, 
with  Mode  of  Procedure  in  all  Cases. 

How  to  draft  Resolutions  and  other 
Written  Business; 

A  Model  Debate,  introducing  the  greatest 
possible  variety  of  points  of  order ,  with 
correct  Decisions  by  the  Chairman; 

The  Rules  of  Order,  in  Tabular  Form, 
for  instant  reference  in  all  Cases  0) 
Doubt  that  may  arise  enabling  a  Chaii  ■ 
man  to  decide  on  all  points  at  4 
glance. 


The  Work  is  divided  into  different  Sections,  for  the  purpose  of  Consecutive 
Instruction  as  well  as  Ready  Reference,  and  includes  all  Decisions  and 

Rulings  up  to  the  present  day.    Paper  covers . 30  Cts. 

Bound  in  boards,  cloth  back 50  cts. 

Dick's  Ethiopian  Scenes,  Variety  Sketches 

J    and  Stump  Speeches.    Containing  End-Men's  Jokes, 

■Negro  Interludes  and  Farces;  Dialect  Sketches  and  Eccentricities; 

Fresh  Dialogues  for  Interlocutor  and    Dialogues  and  Repartee  for  Interlocutor 

Banjo;  and  Bones; 

New  Stump  Speeches;  Quaint  Burlesque  Sermons; 

Humorous  Lectures;  Jokes,  Quips  and  Gags. 

It  includes  a  number  of  Amusing  Scenes  and  Negro  Acts,  and  is 
full  of  the  side-splitting  vagaries  of  the  best  Minstrel  Troupes 
in  existence,  besides  a  number  of  Original  Eecitations  and 
Sketches  in  the  Negro  Dialect.  178  pages,  paper  covers. .  30  cts- 
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Popular  Books  sent  Free  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  annexed. 

Dick's  Dutch,  French  and  Yankee  Dialect  Recitations.  An 

unsurpassed  Collection  of  Droll  Dutch  Blunders,  Frenchmen's  Funny 
Mistakes,  and  Ludicrous  and  Extravagant  Yankee  Yarns,  each  Recitation 
being  in  its  own  peculiar  dialect.  To  those  who  make  Dialect  Recitations 
a  speciality,  this  Collection  will  be  of  particular  service,  as  it  contains  all 
the  best  pieces  that  are  incidently  scattered  through  a  large  number  of  vol- 
umes of  "Recitations  and  Readings,"  besides  several  new  and  excellent 
eketches  never  before  published. 

170  pages,  paper  cover 30  ctS. 

Bound  in  boards,  cloth  back 50  ctS. 

Dick's  Irish  Dialect  Recitations.     A  carefully  compiled 

Collection  of  Rare  Irish  Stories,  Comic,  Poetical  and  Prose  Recitations, 
Humorous  Letters  and  Funny  Recitals,  all  told  with  the  irresistible  Humor 
of  the  Irish  Dialect.  This  Collection  contains,  in  addition  to  new  and  orig- 
inal pieces,  all  the  very  best  Recitations  in  the  Irish  Dialect  that  can  be 
gathered  from  a  whole  library  of  "Recitation"  books. 
It  is  full  of  the  sparkling  witticisms  and  queer  conceits  of  the  wittiest 
nation  on  earth,  and  apart  from  its  special  object,  it  furnishes  a  fund  ©f 
the  most  entertaining  matter  for  perusal  in  leisure  moments. 

170  pages,  paijer  cover 30  CtS. 

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Worcester's  Letter-Writer  and  Book  of  Business  Forms  for 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen.  Containing  Accurate  Directions  for  Conducting 
Epistolary  Correspondence,  with  270  Specimen  Letters,  adapted  to  every 
Age  and  Situation  in  Life,  and  to  Business  Pursuits  in  General ;  with  an 
Appendix  comprising  Forms  for  Wills,  Petitions,  Bills,  Receipts,  Drafts, 
Bills  of  Exchange,  Promissory  Notes,  Executors'  and  Administrators' 
Accounts,  etc.,  etc.  The  Orthography  of  the  entire  work  is  based  on 
Worcester's  method,  which  is  coming  more  and  more  into  general  use. 
This  work  is  divided  into  two  parts,  the  portion  applicable  to  Ladies  being 
kept  distinct  from  the  rest  of  the  book,  in  order  to  provide  better  facilities 
for  ready  reference. 
216  pages.    Bound  in  boards,  cloth  back 50  CtS. 

Dick's  Hand-Book  Of  Cribbage.  Containing  full  directions 
for  playing  all  the  Varieties  of  the  Game,  and  the  Laws  which  govern 
them.  This  work  is  entikely  new,  and  gives  the  eorrect  method  of  play- 
ing the  Six-Card,  Five-Card,  Two-Handed,  Three-Handed,  and  Four-Handed 
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Game.    18 mo.  Cloth,  Flexible ...50  CtS. 

Pick's  Art  of  Gymnastics.  Containing  practical  and  pro- 
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pointed Gymnasium.  Profusely  illustrated.  This  work  conveys  plain  and 
thorough  instruction  in  the  exercises  and  evolutions  taught  by  the  leading 
Professors  of  Gymnastics;  eo  that  proficiency  may  be  attained,  even 
without  the  aid  of  a  Teacher.  It  also  offers  to  Teachers  a  ready-arranged 
systematic  course  for  their  guidaace. 
Artistically  bound  in  cloth,  4to $100 

Dick's  Dialogues  and  Monologues.  Containing  entirely  or- 
iginal Dialogues,  Monologues,  Faeces,  etc.,  etc.,  expressly  designed  for 
parlor  performance,  full  of  humor  and  telling  "situations,"  and  requiring 
the  least  possible  preparation  •£  C©stJfcie&  and  Scenery  t«  make  them 
thoroughly  affective. 

180  pages.  16  mo  ,  paper  cover 30  Cta 

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Popular  Books  sent  Free  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  annexed. 
Dr.  Valentine's  Comic  Lectures;  or,  Morsels  of  Mirth  for 

the  Melancholy.  A  certain  cure  for  the  "blues  "  and  all  other  serious 
complaints.  Containing  Comic  Lectures  on  Heads,  Faces,  Noses  and 
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of  Learned  Societies ;  Comical  Delineation  of  Eccentric  Characters  -, 
Amusing  Colloquies  and  Monologues  ;  Laughable  Duologues  and  Charac- 
teristic Drolleries.  Illustrated  with  twelve  portraits  of  Dr.  Valentine  in 
his  most  celebrated  characters.    192  pages.    Paper  cover.    Price . .  30  cts. 

Mrs.  Partington's  Carpet-Bag  of  Fun.    Containing  the  Queer 

Sayings  of  Mrs.  Partington,  and  the  Funny  Doings  of  her  remarkable  Son 
Isaac.  Also  the  most  amusing  collection  estant  of  Playful  Puns,  Phunny 
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Rhymes  Without  Reason  and  Reason  Without  Rhymes,  Anecdotes,  Conun- 
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with  100  most  amusing  engravings,  prepared  expressly  for  this  work  from 
iiesigna  by  the  most  eminent  Comic  Artists.  Ornamented  paper 
cover 30  cts. 

McLaren's  Training  in  Theory  and  Practice.    Giving  the 

best  modern  methods  of  Training  for  all  the  popular  Athletic  Sports  arid 
Exercises.    Paper  covers 50  Cts. 

Chips  from  Uncle  Sam's  Jack-Knife.    Illustrated  with  over 

100  Comical  Engravings,  and  comprising  a  collection  of  over  500  Laugha- 
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Fox's  Ethiopian  Comicalities.    Containing  Strange  Sayings, 

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Ned  Turner's  Circus  Joke  Book.  A  collection  of  the  best  Jokes, 

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Yale  College  Scrapes ;   or,  How  the  Boys  Go  it  at  New 

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The  Laws  Of  Athletics.  How  to  Preserve  and  Improve 
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By  H.  Elljott  McBbide. 

Contents. 


A  Happy  Woman. 

The  Somnambulist. 

Those  Thompsons. 

Playing  School. 

Tom  and  Sally. 

Assisting  Hezekinh. 

A  Visit  to  the  Oil  Regions. 

Breaking  vp  (he  Exhibition. 

Turning  Around. 

A  Little  Boy's  Debate. 

The  Silver  Lining. 

Restraining  Jotham. 

A  Shoemaker's  Troubles. 
I6mo,  178  pages,  illuminate!  paper 
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A  n  Uncomfmrtable  Predicament. 

The  Opening  Spt(ch. 

The  Cucumber  Hill  Debating  Club. 

Married  by  the  New  Justice. 

Bread  on  the  Waters. 

An  Unsuccessful  Advance. 

When  Women  Have  Their  RiglUs. 

Only  Another  Footprint. 

Rosabella's  Love)  s. 

A  Smart  Boy. 

A  Heavy  Shower. 

Master  of  the  Situation. 

cover.. . .' 30  CtS» 

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Dick's  Art  Of  Wrestling".  A  Hand-Book  of  thorough  in- 
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different  methods  of  wrestling  generally  adopted  at  the  present  time. 
Fully  illustrated  by  well-designed  engravings,  exhibiting  all  the  ag- 
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Dick's  Book  of  Toasts,  Speeches  and  Responses.  Contain- 
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Public  Dinners, 

Sod j  I  Dinners, 


Convivial  Gatherings, 
Art  and  Professional  Banquets, 
Manufacturers'  Meetings, 
Agricultural  and  Commercial  Festivals, 
Special  Toasts  for  Ladies, 
Christmas,  Thanksgiving  and  other  Fes- 
tivals. 


Friendly  Meetings, 

Weddings  ar,d  their  Anniversaries, 

Army  and  Navy  Banquets, 

Patriotic  and  Political  Occasions, 

Trades'  Unions  and  Dinners, 

Benedicts'  and  Bachelors'  Banquets. 

Masonic  Celebrations, 

Sporting  Coteries, 

All  Kinds  of  Occasions. 


This  work  includes  an  instructive  dissertation  on  the  Art  of  making  amusing 
After-dinner  Speeches,  giving  hints  and  directions  by  the  aid  of  which 
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Dinner  Napkins,  and  How  to  Fold  Them.  Containing  plain 

and  systematic  directions  for  arranging  and  folding  Napkins  or  Serviettes 
for  the  Dinner  Table,  from  the  simplest  forms  to  the  most  elaborate  and 
artistic  designs.  By  Geor^iar.a  C.  Clark. 
This  little  work  embraces  all  the*  favorite  designs  in  general  use  for  trans- 
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of    the 


Dick's  Games  of  Patience;  or  Solitaire  with  Cards.  New  and 

Revised  Edition.  Containing  Sixty -four  Games.  Illustrated  -with  Fifty  ex- 
planatory full-page  Tableaux.  This"  treatise  en  Solitaire,  a  pastime  which  is 
steadily  gaining  in  popularity,  embraces  a  number  of  new  and  original 
Games,  and  aH  the  Games  of  Patience  at  present  in  favor  with  the  most 
experienced  players.  This  comprehei  sive  work  contains  the  following 
Games :  — 

The  Be ie- <riier ed  Castle. 

The  Citadel. 

The  Exiled  Kings. 

Penelope's  W<  b. 

Napoleon's  Square. 

The  Court  Yard. 

The  Windmill. 

Leoni's  Oivn. 

La  Nivernaise. 

The  Four  Corners. 

The  Baker's  Dozen. 

The  Salic  Law. 

The  Sultan  of  Turkey. 

The  Fortress. 

The  Hemispheres. 

The  Elevens. 

The.  Chester  Game. 

The  Shah  of  Persia. 

The  Empress  of  India. 

The  Zodiac. 

The  Blockade. 

The  Besieged  City. 

Each  game  is  carefully  and  lucidly  described,  with  the  distinctive  rules  to  be 
observed  and  hints  as  to  the  best  means  of  success  iu  play .  The  Tableaux 
furnish  efficient  aid  in  rendering  the  disposition  of  the  cards  necessary  to 
each  gameplain  and  easily  comprehensible.  The  difficulty  usually  attend- 
ing descriptions  of  intricate  games  is  reduced,  as  far  as  possible,  by  pre- 
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143  pages.    Board  cover 7j  CtS 

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Auld  Lai  g  Syne. 
Tarn  O'Shantr. 
The  Four  Seasons. 
Simplicity. 
The     Gathering 

Cla7,s. 
Napoleon  at  St.  Helena. 
The  Calculation. 
TJie  Surprise  Party. 
The  Four  Kings. 
TJie  Ciock. 
The  Garden. 
The  Queen's  Audience. 
The  Phaanx. 
The  Idle  Tear. 
The  Chameleon. 
La  Belie  Lucie. 
The  Shamrocks. 
The  House  in  tl>t  Wood. 
The  House-on  the  Hill. 
The  Grand  Duchess. 
The  Constitution. 


The  Fourteen*. 
Napoleon's  t  avrite. 
J  he  Fifteen  Pu:zle. 
The  Contri-Dance. 
The  Betrothal. 
The  J\'einforcem.ent&. 
The  Reserve. 
The  Frcg. 
The  Pt/ramid. 
Tfn  Quadrille. 
The  Chatelaine. 
The  Order  of  Precedence. 
The  Cong/  ess. 
Thirteen  Down. 
The  Octngen. 
Light  and  Shade. 
St.  Louis. 
Rouge  el  Noir. 
The    Blondes    and   Bru- 
nettes. , 
The  Royal  Coiil  ion. 
Nestor. 


§1  CO 

Dick's  Parlor  Exhibitions,  and  How  to  Make  them  Suc- 
cessful. Containing  complete  and  detailed  directions  for  preparing  and 
arranging  Parlor  Exhibitions  and  Amateur  Performances.     It  includes  : 

Tableaux  Vivanls. 


Living  Portraits. 
Living  Statuary. 
Dome  History's  Peep  Show. 
Shi  'dow  Pantomimes. 


'  opular  Ba  lads  illustrattd  by  appr^ 

rria'e  action. 
^harades  (fa  I  1c  nds. 
P'rl  r  Pantomimes 
Punch  and  Judy. 

AND  FIFTV  OTHEK  DIVERTING  PARLOR  PASTIMES  AND  AMUSEMENTS. 

It  contains  also  a  full  Catalogue  of  the  celebrated  '  Art  Exhibition,"  and  a 
practical  treatise  on  the  wonderful  Science  of  Second-Sight,  by  the  aid 
of  w.'iich  all  the  startling  effects  and  achievements  of  second-sight  may  be 
performed  by  any  one  possessing  a  tolerable  retentive  memory. 

This  work  is  thoroughly  practical  and  gives  the  fullest  instructions  for  pre- 
paring and  lighting  the  stage,  the  construction  of  the  Frames  for  Living 
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text.    150  pages,  paper  cover 3(f  c^g 

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Dick's  Commercial  Letter  Writer,  and  Book  of  Business 

Forms.  Containing  entirely  original  Models  of  Letters  on  all  business 
subjects,  with  appropriate  replies  ;  also,  several  specimens  of  Continuous 
Correspondence,  exhibiting  by  a  series  of  Letters,  the  commencement,  pro- 
gress, a:ul  completion  of  Mercantile  Transactions.     By  William  B.  Lick. 

This  work  includes  correct  forms  for  Business  Notices  and  Cards,  and  Part 
nership  Announcements;  for  Applications  for  Employment  and  neatly- 
worded  Answers  to  Inquiries  and  Advertisements;  for  occasional  Circu- 
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&c,  and  the  correct  method  of  adjusting  General  and  Particular  Averages. 

It  contains,  in  addition,  a  Glossary  of  Technical  Terms  used  in  Commerce;  a 
rapid  and  simple  method  of  computing  Interest;  a  Table  showing  the  value 
of  .Foreign  Coins  in  United  States'  Currency;  and  other  useful,  practical 
and  interesting  information. 
200 pages,  16mo.,  Bound  in  Boards 50  CtS, 

Lester's  "  Look  to  the  East."    (Webb  Work.)    AKitualof 

the  FirstTbree  Degrees  of  Masonry.  Containing  the  complete  work  of  the 
Entered  Apprentice,  Fellow  Craft  and  Master  Mason's  Degrees,  and  their 
Ceremonies,  Lectures,  etc.  Edited  by  Ralph  P.  Lester.  This  complete 
•  and  beautiful  Pocket  Manual  of  the  First  Three  Degrees  of  Masonry,  is 
printed  in  clear,  legible  type,  and  not  obscured  by  any  attempts  at  cypher 
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The  Entire  Ceremonies  of  Initiating, 

Passing  and  Raising  Candidates. 
The  Lfctures  all  R dually  and  Mon- 


Oprning  and  Closing  the    Lodge   in 

each  Degree. 
Galbng  Off  and  Calling  On. 
Cutiing  tke  Lodge  Up  and  Down* 


itorially  Complete. 


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Dick's  Mysteries  of  the  Hand;  or,  Palmistry  made  Easy. 

Translated,  Abridged  and  Arranged  from  the  French  Works  of  Desbarrolles, 
D'Arpentigny  and  De  Para  d'Hermes.  This  book  is  a  concise  summary  ol 
the  elaborate  works  of  the  above-naraea  authorities  on  Palmistry. 

The  various  lines  and  mounts  on  the  palm  of  the  hand,  and  the  typieal 
formation  of  the  hand  and  fingers  are  all  clearly  explained  and  illustrated 
by  diagrams.  The  meaning  to  be  deduced  from  the  greater  or  less  develop- 
ment of  these  mounts  and  lines  (each  of  which  has  its  own  signification), 
also  from  the  length,  thickness  and  shape  of  the  thumb  and  fingers,  and 
from  the  mutual  bearing  theyexereise  on  each  other,  is  all  distinctly 
explained. 

Complete  facility  for  instant  reference  is  insured  by  means  of  marginal  notes 
by  which  any  point  of  detail  may  be  found  and  consulted  at  a  glance. 

By  means  of  thi  i  book  the  hitherto  occult  mystery  of  Palmistry  is  made 
simple  and  easy,  and  the  whole  Art  may  be  acquired  without  difficulty  or 
delay.  It  is  emphatically  Palmistry  in  a  nutshell,  and  by  its  use,  char- 
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p'ck's  Hand-Hook  Of  Whist.  Containing  Tole's  and  Clay's 
Rules  for  ^laying  the  mwdern  scientific  game;  the  Club  Rules  of  Whist,' 
and  two  interesting  Double  Dummy  Problems.  This  isa  thorough  treatise 
on  the  game  of  Whist,  taken  from  "  Thft  American  Hoyle  "  which  is  the 
standard  authority.  It  covers  all  the  points  and  intricacies  which  arise  in 
the  game;  including  the  acknowledged  code  of  etiquette  observed  by  the 
players,  with  Drayson's  remarks  on  Trumps,  their  use  and  abuse,  and  all 
the  modern  methods  of  signalling  between  partners.    Price 25  Cta. 


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Pollard's  Artistic  Tableaux.     With  Pict'u-e^ue  Diagrams 

and  Descriptions  of  Costumes.  Text  by  Josephine  Pollard  ;  arrangement 
of  Diagrams  by  Walter  Satterlee.  This  excellent  work  gives  all  the 
necessary  information  in  relation  to  the  preparation  of  the  stage,  the 
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everything  so  as  to  produce  the  proper  effects.  Simple  and  easy  of  con- 
struction as  tableaux  appear  to  be  to  tho*=e  who  sit  before  the  curtain, 
any  one  who  has  assisted  in  their  preparation  knows  that  they  must  be 
well  studied  and  carefully  arranged  in  order  to  produce  really  good 
and  artistic  effects.  This  manual  is  prepared  with  diagrams  furnished 
by  a  distinguished  artist  who  has  had  large  experience  in  the  arrange- 
ment of  tableaux.    Oblong,  paper  covers.    Price 30  CtS. 

Talk  of  Uncle  George  to  his  Nephew  About  Draw  Poker. 

Containing  valuable  suggestions  in  connection  with  this  Great  American 
Game ;  also  instructions  and  directions  to  Clubs  and  Social  Card  Parties, 
whose  members  play  only  for  recreation  and  pastime,  with  timely  warn- 
ings to  young  players.    Illustrated.    Quarto,  Paper.  Price 25  CtS. 

Holberton's  Art  of  Angling";  or,  How  and  Where  to  Catch 

Fish.  A  practical  Hand-Book  for  learners  in  everything  that  pertains  to 
the  art  of  Fishing  with  Rod  and  Reel.  By  Wakeman  Holberton.  Jb'ully 
illustrated.  It  describes  the  special  methods  and  appliances  requisite  to 
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Proctor  on  Draw-Poker.  A  Critical  Dissertation  on  "  Pokei 
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Draw-Poker,  with  Practical  Remarks  upon  the  Chances  and  Probabilities 
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Lander's  Revised  Work  of  Odd-Fellowship.    Containing  all 

the  Lectures,  complete,  with  Regulations  for  Opening,  Conducting,  and 
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EMBRACING, 


Letters  ef  Courtesy,  Friendship  and 

Affection ; 
Letters  of  Condolence  and  Sympathy  ; 
A   Choice  Collection  of  Love-Letters, 

for  Every  Situation  in  a  Courtship ; 
Notes  of  Ceremony,  Familiar  Invito- 

tions,   etc.,   together  with  Notes  of 

Acceptance  and  Regret. 


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Letters  of  Friendly  Counsel  and  Re- 
monstrance ; 

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Martine's  Hand-Book  of  Etiquette  and  Guide  to  True 

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The  Opening  March  or  Polonaise, 
Various  Plain  and  Fancy  Quadrilles, 
Waltz  and  Glide  Quadrilles, 
Plain  Lancers  and  Caledonians, 
Glide  Lancers  and  Caledonians, 
[Saratoga  Lancers, 
The  Parisian  Varieties, 
■The  Prince  Imperial  Set, 
Social  and  Basket  Quadrilles, 
Nine-Pin  and  Star  Quadrilles, 
Gavotte  and  Minuet  Quadrilles, 


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Galop  and  Deux  Temps, 
Esmeralda,  Sicilienne,  Danish  Dane*, 


AND  OVER  ONE  HUNDRED  FIGURES  FOB  THE    "GERMAN;" 

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Eichardson's  Monitor  of  Freemasonry.    A  complete  Guide 

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Odell's  System  of  Short-Hand.  (Taylor  Improved.)  By 
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Fontaine's  Golden  Wheel  Dream-Book  and  Fortune  Teller. 

Being  the  most  complete  book  on  Fortune  Telling  ever  printed,  containing 
an  alphabetical  list  of  Dreams,  with  their  interpretation  and  the  lucky 
numbers  they  signify.  It  explains  how  to  tell  Fortunes  with  Cards,  Dice, 
Dominoes,  Coffee  Grounds,  etc.,  and  the  Golden  Wheel,  of  which  a  large 
Colored  Lithographic  Engraving  is  folded  and  bound  in  with  the  book. 
It  shows  how  to  fortell  future  events  by  the  Lines  on  the  Hand,  by  Moles 
on  the  body,  by  the  Face,  Finger-nails,  Hair  and  Shape  of  the  Head,  gives 
lucky  and  unlucky  days,  and  explains  the  Language  of  Flowers. 
Bound  in  boards 40  CtS. 

Draiper's  Six  Hundred  Ways  to  Make  Money.    A  reliable 

Compendium  of  valuable  Receipts  for  making  articles  in  constant  de- 
mand and  of  ready  sale,  carefully  selected  from  private  sources  and  the 
best  established  authorities.  By  Edmund  S.  Draiper.  Professor  of  Ana- 
lytical Chemistry,  etc.  This  Collection  of  Receipts  is  undoubtedly  the 
most  valuable  and  comprehensive  that  has  ever  been  offered  to  the  pub- 

Uc  in  so  cheap  a  form.     144  pages,  paper  cover 30  CtS. 

The  Language  Of  Flowers.  A  complete  dictionary  of  the 
Language  of  Flowers,  and  the  sentiments  which  they  express.  Well  ar- 
ranged and  comprehensive  in  every  detail.  All  unnecessary  matter  has 
been  omitted.  This  little  volume  ia  destined  to  fill  a  want  long  felt  for  a 
reliable  book  at  a  price  within  the  reach  of  all.    Paper  cover 15  CtS. 

Chilton's  One  Thousand  Secrets  and  Wrinkles.    A  book  of 

hints  and  helps  for  every-day  emergencies.  Containing  1,000  useful  hints 
and  receipts.  No  family  should  be  without  this  little  storehouse  Of 
valuable  information.    Paper  cover, .,..,...,,... 30  CtS. 


Popular  Books  sent  Free  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  annexed. 
Trumps'  American  Hoyle;  or,  Gentleman's  Handbook  of 

Games.  Containing  all  the  games  played  in  the  United  States,  with  rules, 
descriptions  and  technicalities,  adapted  to  the  American  method  of  play- 
ing. By  Tbumps.  Thirteenth  edition  ;  illustrated  with  numerous  dia- 
grams. This  work  is  designed  and  acknowledged  as  an  authority  on  all 
games  as  played  in  America,  being  a  guide  to  the  correct  methods  of  play- 
mg  and  an  arbiter  on  all  disputed  points.  In  each  of  the  previous  editions 
the  work  was  subjected  to  careful  revision  and  correction;  but  this,  the 
Thirteenth  Edition,  is  Entirely  New,  and  re-written  from  the  latest 
reliable  sources.  It  includes  an  exhaustive  treatise  on  Whist,  with  all  the 
latest  essays  on  the  modern  game,  by  Clay,  Pole,  Dray  son,  &c,  &c.  Also, 
a  lucid  description  of  all  the  games  now  in  vogue  in  America,  with  the 
laws  that  govern  them,  revised  and  corrected  to  conform  to  present 
usages,  and  embraces  an  elaborate  and  practical  analysis  of  the  Doctrine 
t»f  Chances.     12mo.,  cloth,  536  pages.     Price ^2.00 

Weldon's  Fancy  Costumes.  Containing  complete  instructions 

how  to  make  an  immense  variety  of  Historical,  National  and  Fancy 
Dresses ;  giving  minute  details  regarding  the  color  and  quantity  of  all 
the  materials  needed  for  each  Costume,  and  illustrated  with  over  fifty 
full-page  engravings. 
This  is  an  indispensable  book  for  all  who  require  stylish  and  attractive 
Costumes,  and  especially  so  for  those  who  are  out  of  the  reach  of  pro- 
fessional Costumers.  By  its  aid,  elegant  fancy  dresses  can  be  made  at 
the  lowest  possible  cost,  and  correct  in  every  particular 50  CtS, 

"  Trumps'  "  New  Card  Games.  Containing  correct  method 
and  rules  for  playing  the  games  of  Hearts,  Boodle,  New  Market,  Five  and 
Nine  or  Domino- Whist,  Solo,  or  Cayenne  Whist,  carefully  compiled  from 
the  best  authorities.    Paper  covers 25  cts. 

Blackbridge's  Complete  Poker  Player.  A  Practical  Guide- 
book to  the  American  National  Game  ;  containing  mathematical  and  ex- 
perimental analyses  of  the  probabilities  of  Draw  Poker.  By  John  Black- 
bridge,  Actuary.  This,  as  its  title  implies,  is  an  exhaustive  treatise  on 
Draw  Poker,  giving  minute  and  detailed  information  on  the  various 
chances,  expectations,  possibilities  and  probabilities  that  can  occur  in  aU 
stages  of  the  game,  with  directions  and  advice  for  successful  play,  deduced 
from  actual  practice  and  experience,  and  founded  on  precise  mathematical 

data.     Small  quarto,  142"pages,  paper 50  OtS. 

Bound  in  full  cloth $1.00 

The  Mo&srn  Pocket  Hoyle.    By  "Trumps."    Containing  all 

the  games  of  skill  and  chance,  as  played  in  this  country  at  the  present 
time,  being  an  "  authority  on  all  disputed  points.''  This  valuable  manual 
is  all  original,  or  thoroughly  revised  from  the  best  and  latest  authorities, 
and  includes  the  laws  and  complete  directions  for  playing  one  hundred 

and  eleven  different  games.    388  pages,  paper  covers 50  cts. 

Bound  in  boards,  with  eloth  backs 75  CtS. 

Hoyle's  Games.  -A.  complete  Manual  of  the  laws  that  govern  all 

games  of  skill  and  chance,  including  Card  Games,  Chess,  Checkers, 
Dominoes,  Backgammon,  Dice,  Billiards,  as  played  in  this  country  at  the 
present  time,  and  all  Field  Games.  Emtirely  original,  or  thoroughly  re- 
vised from  the  latest  and  best  American  authorities.  Paper  covers.  .50  Cts. 
Boards t ,.,,,,,.. 75  cts, 


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Anderson's  Checkers.  Containing  Complete  Instructions  and 
rules  for  playing  Checkers  or  Draughts.  Illustrated  with  Diagrams  ; 
including  all  the  Standard  Games  aLd  their  Variations,  and  numerous 
Problems  with  their  Solutions  By  Andrew  Anderson.  In  a  certain  sense, 
this  is  a  reprint  of  Anderson's  Celebrated  "Second  Edition"  that  is,  his 
play  when  sound  is  given  intact,  and  where  improvements  have  been  shown 
they  have  been  incorporated,  and  unsound  play  eliminated. 
12mo,  cloth $1-50- 

Spay tli's  American  Draught  Player ;  or  the  Theory  and 

Practice  of  the  Scientific  Game  of  Checkers.  S  mplified  and 
Ulustrated  with  Practical  Diagrams.  Containing  upwards  of  1,700 
Games  and  Positions.  By  Henry  Spayth.  bixth  edition  with  over  three 
hundred  Corrections  and  Improvements.  Containing:  The  Standard 
Laws  of  the  Game — Full  instructions— Draught  Board  Numbered— Names 
of  the  Games,  and  how  formed — The  "Theory  of  the  Mo've  and  its 
Changes"  practically  explained  and  illustrated  with  Diagrams — Playing 
Tables  for  Draught  Clubs — New  Systems  of  numbering  the  Board — Pre- 
fixing signs  to  the  Variations— List  of  Draught  Treatises  and  Publications 
chronologically  arranged.    Bound  in  cloth,  gilt  side  and  back $3-00. 

Spayth's  Game  of  Draughts.  By  Henry  Spayth.  This  book 
is  designed  as  a  supplement  to  the  author's  first  work,  "The  American 
Draught  Player"  ;  but  it  is  complete  in  itself.  It  contains  lucid  instruc- 
tions for  beginners,  laws  of  the  game,  diagrams,  the  score  of  36-1  games, 
together  with  34  novel,  instructive  and  ingenious  "critical  positions." 
Cloth,  Gilt  back  and  side $1-50. 

Spayth's  Draughts  or  Checkers   for    Beginners.     This 

treatise  was  written  by  Henry  Spayth,  the  celebrated  player,  and  is  by  far 
the  most  complete  and  instructive  elementary  work  on  Draughts  ever 
published.  It  is  profusely  illustrated  with  diagrams  of  ingenious  strata- 
gems curious  positions  and  perplexing  Problems  and  contains  a  great 
variety  of  interesting  and  instructive  Games,  progressively  arranged  and 
clearly  explained  with  notes,  so  that  the  learner  may  easily  comprehend 
them.  With  the  aid  of  this  Manual  a  beginner  may  soon  become  a 
proficient  in  the  game.    Cloth,  gilt  side 75  CtS. 

Scattergood's  Game  of  Draughts,  or  Checkers,  Simplified 

and  Explained.  With  practical  Diagrams  and  Illustrations,  together 
with  a  checker-Board,  numbered  and  printed  in  red.  Containing  the 
Eighteen  Standard  Games,  with  over  200  of  the  best  variations,  selected 
from  various  authors,  with  some  never  before  published.  By  D.  Scat- 
tergood.    Bound  in  cloth,  with  flexible  covers 50  CtS- 

Maraciie's  Manual  of  Chess.  Containing  a  description  of  the 
Board  and  Pieces,  Chess  Notation,  Technical  Terms,  with  diagrams 
illustrating  them.  Laws  of  the  Game,  Relative  Value  of  Pieces,  Prelimin- 
ary Games  for  beginners,  Fifty  Openings  of  Games,  giving  all  the  latest 
discoveries  of  Modern  Masters,  with  the  best  games  and  copious  notes, 
Twenty  Endings  of  Games,  showing  easiest  way  of  effecting  checkmate. 
Thirty  six  ingenious  Diagram  Problems,  and  sixteen  curious  Chess  Strata- 
gems, being  one  of  the  best  Books  for  Beginners  ever  published.  By 
N.  Marache,    Bound  in  cloth,  gilt  side 50  CtS- 

''Trump's"  Modern  Pocket  Hoyle.      Containing  all  the 

Games  of  Skill  and  Chance  played  in  this  Country  at  the  present  time, 

being  an  "  authority  on  all  disputed  points." 

Paper  covers .,.. ., , 50  CtS, 


Popular  Books  seat  Free  of  Postage  at  the  Prices  anaezed, 
Lola  Montez'  Arts  of  Beauty;   or,  Secrets   of  a  Lady '3 

Toilet.  With  hints  to  Gentlemen  on  the  Art  of  Fascinating.  Lola  Montea 
here  explains  all  the  Arts  employed  bv  the  celebrated  beauties  and  fashion- 
able ladies  in  Paris  and  other  cities  of  Europe,  for  the  purpose  of  preserving 
their  beauty  and  improving  and  developing  their  charms.  The  recipes  are 
all  clearly  given,  so  that  any  person  can  understand  them,  and  the  work  em- 
braces the  following  subjects : 


JIow  to  obtain  such  desirable  and  in- 
dispensable  attractions  as  A  Hand- 
some Form  ; 

A  Bright  ttnd  Smooth  Skin  ; 

A  Beautiful  Complexion  ; 

A  -tractive  Eyes,  Mouth  and  Lips ; 

A  Beautiful  Rand,  Foot  and  Ankle  ; 

A  Well-trained  Voice; 
Elumiaated  paper  cover 25  Cts. 

HillgTove's  Ball-Eoom  Guide  and  Complete  Dancing- 
Master'.  Containing  a  plain  treatise  on  Etiquette  and  TDeportment  at  Balls 
and  Parties,  with  valuable  hints  on  Dress  and  the  Toilet,  together  with 


A  Soft  and  Abundant  Head  of  Hair, 
Also,  Hoio  to  Remedy  Gray  Hair; 
And  harmless  but  effectual  metliods  of 
removing  Superfluous  Hair  and 
other  blemishes,  toith  interesting  in- 
formation on  these  and  kindred 
matters. 


Full  E-xpla nations  of  the  Rudiments, 
Tenm,  Figures  and  Steps  used  in 
Dancing; 

Including  Clear  and  Precise  Instruc- 
tions how  to  dance  all  kinds  of  Quad- 
rilles,    Waltzes,    Folkas,   Redowas, 


Reels,  Round,  Plain  and  Fancy 
Dances,  so  that  any  person  may 
learn  them  without  the  aid  of  a 
Teacher; 
To  which  is  added  easy  directions  hotv 
to  call  out  the  Figures 


of  every  dance,  and  the  amount  of  music  required  for  each.  Illustrated 
•with  176  descriptive  engravings.     By  T.  Hillgrove,  Professor  of  Dancing. 

Bound  in  cloth,  with  gilt  side  and  back $l.0( 

Bound  in  boards,  with  cloth  back 75  cte 

The  Banjo,  and  How  to  Play  it.     Containing,  in  addition  to 

the  elementarv  studies,  a  choice  collection  of  Polkas.  Waltzes,  Solos,  Scliot- 
tisches.  Songs*  Hornpipes,  Jigs,  Keels,  etc.,  with  full  explanations  of  both 
the  "Banjo''  and  "Guitar"  styles  of  execution,  and  designed  to  impart  a 
complete  knowledge  of  the  art  of  playing  the  Banjo  practically,  without  the 
aid  of  a  teacher.  This  work  is  arranged  on  the  progressive  system,  show- 
ing the  learner  how  to  play  the  first  few  notes  of  a  tune,  then  the 
next  notes,  and  soon,  a  small  portion  at  a  time,  until  he  has  mastered  tha 
entire  piece,  every  detail  being  as  clearly  and  thoroughly  explained  as  if  ho 
had  a  teacher  at  his  elbow  all  the  time.  By  Frank  B.  Converse,  author  of 
the  "Banjo  without  a  Master."  16mo,  bound  in  boards,  cloth  back.. 50  cts, 

Hed  Donnelly's  Art  of  Boxing.  A  thorough  Manual  of  Spar- 
ring and  Self-Defence,  illustrated  with  Forty  Engravings,  showing  the  vari- 
ous Blows,  Stops  and  Guards;  by  Ned  Donnelly.  Professor  of  Boxing  to  the 
London  Athletic  Club,  etc.,  etc.  This  work  explains  in  detail  every  move- 
ment of  attack  and  defence  in  the  clearest  language,  and  in  accordance 
with  tne  most  approved  and  modern  methods  ;  the  engravings  are  very 
distinctly  drawn,  and  show  each  position  and  motion  as  plvinlyasthe 
personal  instruction  of  a  professor  could  convey  it.  It  teaches  all  the 
feints  and  dodges  practised  by  experienced  boxers,  and  gives  advice  to 
those  who  desire  to  perfect  themselves  in  the  Manly  Art.  121  pages. 
Price 25  CtS. 

Athletic  Sports  for  Boy2.     Containing  clear  and  complete  in- 
structions in  Gymnastics,  and  the  manly  accomplishments  of  Skating, 
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Fencing  and  Broadsword     Dlustrated  with  194  wood  cuts. 
Bound  in  boards 75  Ctb 


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Sut  Lovinffood.  Tarns  spun  by  u  A  TsTat'ral  Born  Durn?d  FooL" 
Warped  and  Wove  for  Public  Wear,  by  George  W.  Harris.  Illustrated 
with  eiirht  fine  full  page  engravings,  from  designs  by  Howard.  It  woind  be 
difficult,  Ave  think,  to  cram  a  larger  amount  of  pungent  humor  into  300 
nae«H  than  will  be  found  in  this  reully  funny  book.  The  Preface  and  ind- 
ication are  models  of  sly  simplicity,  and  the  24  Sketches  which  lollow  are 


among  the  best  specimens  of  broad  burlesque  to  which  the  genius  of  the 
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12mo,  tinted  paper,  cloth,  gilt  edges Si.oO 

Uncle  Josh's  Trunkful  of  Fun.    Containing  a  rich  collection  ox 

New   Conundrums,  Mirth-Provoking 

Speeches, 
Curious     Puzzles,     Amusing     Card 


Tricks,  and 
Astonishing  Feats  of  Parlor-Magic. 


Comical  Stories,  Cruel  Sells, 

Side- Splitting  Jokes,  Humorous  Poet- 
ry. 

Quaint     Parodies,     Burlesque    Ser- 
mons, 

This  book  is  illustrated  with  nearly  200  funny  engravings,  and  contains,  in 
64  lar<re  octavo  double-column  pages,  at  least  three  times  as  much  reading 
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The  Strange   and  Wonderful  Adventures   of  Bachelor 

Butter  ay.  "Showing  how  his  passion  for  Natural  History  completely 
eradicated  the'  tender  passion  implanted  in  his  breast— also  detailing  his 
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children— his  wonderful  Adventures  with  the  Doctor  and  tho  Fiddler  and 
other  Perils  of  a  most  extraordinary  nature.  The  whole  illustrated  by  about 
200  engravings « 30  CtS, 

The  Laughable  Adventures  of  Messrs  Brown,  Jones  and 

Robinson?  Showing  where  they  went,  and  how  they  went,  what  they  did. 
and  how  they  did  it.  Here  is  a  book  which  will-make  you  split  your  sides 
laughing.  It  shows  the  comical  adventures  of  three  jolly  young  greenhorns, 
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The  Mishaps  and  Adventures  of  Obadiah  Oldbuek.   This 

humorous  and  curious  book  sets  forth,  with  188  comic  drawiners,  the  mis- 
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laugh,  and  you  can't  help  it 30  cts. 

Jack  Johnson's  Jokes  for  the  Jolly.    A  collection  of  Funny 

Stories.  Droll  Incidents,  Queer  Conceits  and  Apt  Repartees.  Illustrating 
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Blunders.  French  Sarcasms,  Irish  Wit  and  Humor,  etc..  with  shGrt  Ludic- 
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Melancholy  that  will  drive  away  the  blues,  and  cause  the  most  misanthropic 
mortal  to  faugh.    Illustrated  paper  covers 25  ct3. 

Snipsnaps  and  Snickering^  of  Simon  Snod^rass.  A  collec- 
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Blarney,  Ludicrous  Dutch  Blunders,  Queer  Yankee  Tricks  and  Dodsres, 
Backwoods  Boasting,  Humors  of  Horse-trading,  Negro  Comicalities.  Per- 
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ing.... 25  ct* 


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Day's  Cards  of  Courtship.  Arranged  with  such  apt  converse 
tions,  that  you  will  be  enabled  to  ask  the  momentous  question  categorically 
in  such  a  delicate  manner  that  the  young  lady  will  not  suspect  what  you 
are  at.  These  cards  may  be  used  either  by  t'.vo  persons,  or  they  will  make 
lots  of  fun  for  an  evening  party  of  young  people.  When  used  iu  a  party  the 
question  is  read  aloud  by  the  lady  receiving  it— she  shuffles  and  hands  out 
an  answer— and  that  also  must  be  read  aloud  by  the  gentleman  receiving  it 
The  fun  thus  caused  is  intense.  Put  up  in  handsome  card  cases  on  whieli 
are  printed  directions SO  eta. 

Day's  Love-Letter  Cards;    or,  Love-Making  Made  Easy. 

TV  e  have  just  printed  anovel  Set  of  Cards  which  will  delight  the  hearts  o* 
'  young  people  susceptible  of  the  tender  passion.  Both  letters  and  answers 
are  either  humorous  or  humorously  sentimental— thus  creatine  lots  of  fua 
when  used  at  a  party  of  young  people— and  special  pains  has  "been  taken 
•with  them  to  avoid  that  silly,  sentimental  formality  so  common  in  printed 
letters  of  this  kind.  Put  up  in  handsome  cases,  on  which  are  printed 
directions bOets. 

Day's  Conversation  Cards.  A  ITew  and  Original  Set,  com- 
prising Eighteen  Questions  and  Twenty-four  Answers,  so  arranged  that 
the  whole  of  the  answers  are  apt  replies  to  each  one  of  the  eighteen  ques- 
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by  a  party  ot  young  people,  they  will  make  a  good  deal  of  fun.  The  set 
comprises  forty-two  Cards  iu  the  aggregate,  which  are  put  up  in  a  handsome 
case,  with  printed  directions  for  use 3Q  c^> 

Day's  Fortune-Tellin.?r  Cards.     Vo  Lave  just  printed  an 

original  set  of  Cards  for  telling  fortunes,  which  are  an  improvement  on  any 
hitherto  made.  They  aro  so  arranged  that  each  auswer  will  respond  to 
cvory  one  of  the  questions  which  may  be  put.  These  cards  will  also  afford 
a  fund  of  amusement  in  a  parry  of  vonng  people.  Each  pack  is  enclosed  in 
a  card  case,  on  which  are  printed  directious 00  cts. 

Day's  Cards  for  Popping  the  Question,     An  Original  Game 

for  lovers  and  Sweethearts,  or  for  Merry-Making  in  a  Party  of  Young 
People.  As  soon  as  these  cards  become  known,  wo  feel  sure  that  they  will 
have  an  endless  sale.  Put  up  in  oases,  with  directions  for  playing. .  .30  ets. 

Day's  Leap- Year  Cards.    To  enable  any  lady  to  pop  the  que* 

tion  to  the  chosen  one  of  her  heart  TMs  set  of  Cards  is  intended  more  to 
make  fun  among  young  people  than  for  any  practical  utility.  Put  up  in 
handsome  eases,  with  printed  directions 20  Cfcj. 

Chesterfield's  Letter- Writer  and  Complete  Book  of  Eti- 
quette. Containing  the  Art  of  Letter- Writing  simplified,  a  guide  te 
friendly,  affectionate,  polite  and  business  correspondence,  and  rules  for  puno< 
feation  and  spelling,  with  complete  rales  of  Etiquette  and  the  usages  of  So- 
ciety. An  excellent  hand-book  for  reference,  lbmo,  bound  in  boards.4.0  cts. 

tlow  to  Behave ;  or,  The  Spirit  of  Etiquette.  A  Guide  to  Po- 
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at  the  dinner  table,  in  the  parlor,  and  in  the  street ;  with  important  hints 
on  introduction,  conversation,  etc 12  eta. 

How  to  Win  and  How  to  Woo.    Containing  "Rules  for  the  Eti- 

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.adieg,  how  to  begin  and  end  a  Courtship,  aud  how  Love-Letters  should  b* 
written 15  cte. 


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o ' 1 ■ 

Allyn's  Ritual  of  Freemasonry.    Containing  a  complete  Key 

to  the  following  Degrees :  Degree  of  Entered  Apprentice;  Degree  of  Fei- 
low  Craft;  Degree  of  Master  Mason;  Degree  of  Mark  Master;  Degree  oi 
Past  Master;  Degree  of  Excellent  Master;  Decree  of  Eoyal  Arch;  Royal 
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of  Super-Excellent  Master;  Degree  of  Ark  and  Dove;  Degree  of  Knights 
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cho; Degree  of  Knights  of  Three  Kings:  Mod;terranean  Pass;  Older  ot 
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the  Cross;  Secret  Master;  Perfect  Master;  Intimate  Secretary ;  Provost 
and  Judge;  Intendant  of  the  Buildings,  or  Master  in  Israel:  Elected 
Knights  of  Kine;  Elected  Grand  Master.-  Sublime  Knights  Elected; 
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Lester's  "Look  to  the  East."    (Webb  Work.)    A  Eitnal  ot 

the  First  Three  Degrees  of  Masonry.  Containing  the  complete  work  of  the 
Entered  Apprentice,  Fellow  Craft  and  Muster  Mason's  Degrees,  and  their 
Ceremonies.  Lectures,  etc.  Edited  \j  Ealph  P.  Lester.  This  complete 
and  beautiful  Pocket  Manual  of  tue  First  Three  Degrees  of  Ma somy,  is 
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purely  esoteric  matter,  with  which  Masons,  and  Masons  only,  are  necessarily 
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the  regular  "  work"  in  the  above  degrees,  divested  of  everything  that  any 
member  of  the  Fraternity  would  object  to  see  in  print,  or  hesitate  to  00117 
in  his  pocket.    It  gives  the  correct  routine  of 

Opening  and  Closing   the   Lodge   in 
each  Degree. 

Calling  Off  and  calling  On 


Calling  the  Lodge  Up  and  Doicn. 


The  Entire  Ceremonies  of  Initiating, 

Passing  and  Raising  Candidates. 
Tlie  Lectures  all  JRitiially  and  Mon- 
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Duncan's  Masonic  Eitual  and  Monitor;   or,  Guide  to  thi 

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low  Craft  and  Master  Mason.  And  to  the  Degrees  of  Mark  Master.  Past 
Master.  Most  Excellent  Master,  and  the  lioyal  Arch.  By  Malcom  C.  Dun- 
can. Explained  and  Interpreted  by  copious  Xotes  and  numerous  Fmrrav- 
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the  uninitiated,  as  to  furnish  a  Guide  to  the  Younger  Members  of  the  Order, 
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Courtship  Hade  Easy;  or,  The  Art  of  Making  Love  Fully 

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How  to   Cook  Potatoes,  Apples,  Eggs  and  Fish,   Fcm 

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Richardson's  Monitor  of  Freemasonry.    A  complete  Guide 

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The  Art  of  Dyeing; 

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The  Biblical  Reason  Why.    A  Hand-Book  for 

Biblical  Students,  and  a  guide  to  family  Scripture  reading.  This 
work  gives  reasons  founded  upon  the  Bible,  and  assigned  by 
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EXAMPLE. 

Why  is  the  book  of  the  Prophecies  o) 
Isaiah  a  strong  proof  of  tfie  autheru 


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shortened  ? 

Wtty  are  there  several  manifest  varki- 
lions  in  names,  facts  and  dates,  be- 
tween the  books  of  Kings  and  Chron- 
icles? 


ticity  of  the  whole  Bit 
Why  did  our  Saviour  receive  the  name 

of  Jesus? 
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administer  the  rite  of  Baptism  to 

Jesus  / 


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What     develops     electricity    in    the- 

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StTiy  has  the  lion  such  a  large  mane  I 


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Why  do  sporting  dogs  make  what  is 


termed  "  a  point"/ 
Why  do  birds  often  roost  upon  one  leg  1 
Why  do  frogs  keep  their  mouths  closed 
jivhile  breathing  ? 

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Frost's  American  Etiquette ;   or,  Laws  of  Good  Society. 

A  condensed  but  thorough  treatise  on  Etiquette  and  its  Usages  in  Amer- 
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Letters  of  Introduction. 

Salutes  and  Salutations. 

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Confectioner's  Hand-Book.  Giving  plain  and  practical  direc- 
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tender  passion.    141  pages 25  ct»- 


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'Trump's"  American  Hoyle ;  or,  Gentleman's 

Hand-Book  of  Games.  This  -work  contains  an  exhaustive 
treatise  on  Whist,  by  William  Pole,  F.R.S..  and  the  rales  foi 
playing  that  game  as  laid  down  by  the  Hon.  James  Clay.  It  also 
contains  clear  descriptions  of  all  the  games  played  in  the  United 
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games. 


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This  work  as  designed  as  an  .American  authority  in  all  ^ames  of 
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Spayth's  American  Draught  Player ;  or,  The 
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Simplified  and  Illustrated  with  Practical  Diagrams.  Containing 
upwards  of  1,700  Games  and  Positions.  By  Henry  Spayth. 
Fifth  edition,  with  over  two  hundred  Corrections  and.  law 


o  Ho  Hi o  Ho 


movements.  Containing:  The  Standard  La*-s  of  the  Gome — 
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Playing  Tables  for  Draught  Clubs— New  Systems  vt  Numbering 
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V 


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How  to  Conduct  a  Debate.    A  Series,** 

Complete  Debates, 

Outlines  of  Debates,  and 

Q  nest  ions  for  D  iscussion. 
In  the  complete  debates,  the  questions  for  discussion  are  defined 
the  debate  formally  opened,  an  array  of  brilliant  argument* 
adduced  on  either  side,  and  the  debate  closed  according  to  par 
liamentary  usages.  The  second  part  consists  ■  of  questions  for 
debate,  with  heads  of  arguments,  for  and  against,  given  in  a 
condensed  form  for  the  speakers  to  enlarge  upon  to  suit  titer 
own  fancy.     In  addition  to  these  are 

A  Large  Collection  of  Debatable  Questions. 
•^  authorities  to  be  referred  to  for  information  are  given  at  the 
,  xo*se  of  every  debate.  By  Frederic  Rowton. 

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The  Secret  Out;  or,  1,000  Tricks  with  Cards, 

and  Other  Recreations.  Illustrated  with  over  300  engravings. 
A  book  which  explains  all  the  Tricks  and  Deceptions  with  Play 
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to  illustrate  them,  that  anybody  can  easily  learn  how  to  perform 
them.  This  work  also  contains  240  of  the  best  Tricks  «f  Leger- 
demain, in  addition  to  the  Card  Tricks. 


SYNOPSIS  OF  COXTE^TS. 


ART  I. — Tricks  vnth  Cards  performed 
by  skillful  Manipulation  and  Sleight 
of  Hand. 

Part  II. — Tricks  performed  by  the  aid 
tf  Memory,  Mental  Calculation  and 
the-  Peculiar  Arrangement  of  the 
Cards. 

Part  III.— Tricks  with  Cards  per- 
formed by  the  aid  of  Confederacy 
and  sheer  Audacity. 

Part  IV. — Tricks  performed  by  the 
aid  of  Ingenious  Apparatus  and 
Prepared  Cards. 

Part  V.— Tricks  of  Legerdemain,  Con- 


Part  VI.— Tricks  in  White  Magic, 
performed  by  the  aid  of  Ingeniout 
Contrivance  and,  Simple  Apparatus. 

Part  VII. — Natural  Magic,  or  Recre- 
ations in  Science,  embracing  Curious 
Amusements  in  Magnetism,  Mechan 
ics.  Acoustics,  Chemistry,  Hydraitr 
lies  and  Optics. 

Part  VIII.— A  Curious  Collection  o* 
Entertaining  Experiments,  Amus- 
ing Puzzles,  Queer  Sleights,' In  dud 
ing  the  Celebrated  Science  of  Second 
Sight,  Recreations  in  Arithmetic, 
and  Fireside  Games  for  Family  Pas 
time,  and  other  Astonishing  Scien 
tifie  Paradoxes  and  Attractive 
Amusements. 


juring,  Sleight  of  Hand  and  other 
Fancies,  commonly  called  White 
Magic. 

Xwe  Secret  Out  is,  by  all  odds,  the  most  curious  book  thai  has 
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to  become  a  domestic  magician  in  a  week,  with  very  little  study 
and  practice.  Such  is  the  unerring  process  of  instruction  adopted 
in  this  volume,  that  no  reader  can  fail  to  succeed  in  executing 
every  Trick,  Experiment,  Game,  etc.,  set  down,  if  he  will  at  all 
aevote  his  attention,  in  his  leisure  hours,  to  the  subject ;  and, 
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